• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2002

The airflow characteristics of an air-conditioning duct with multiple diffusers were investigated through one-dimensional analysis, CFD simulation and experimental measurement. One-dimensional program based on Bernoulli's equation and minor loss equations was developed in order to evaluate the air distribution rate at each diffuser. In CFD simulation, three-dimensional flow characteristics inside air-conditioning duct were computed for incompressible viscous flow, adopting the RNG k-$\xi$turbulence model. Also, in an effort to equalize the discharge flow rate at each outlet, the optimization procedure has been performed to obtain the optimum diffuser area. In this process, square of difference between maximum discharge rate and minimum discharge rate is used as an object function. Diffuser area and discharge velocity are established as constraints. After optimization process, determined design variables are applied again in CFD simulation and experiment to validate the optimized result by one-dimensional program. Comparison with the experimental data of airflow rate distribution showed that the developed program seems to be acceptable and can be useful design tool for an automotive air-conditioning duct in an initial design stage.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1337-1342
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• 2009

This test was progressed in the test house of KICT as sectional research of Center for Sustainable Housing. It included a ventilation rate of hybrid ventilation equipment, temperature, and gas test using the SF-6. The purpose of this test is to demonstrate the performance of viovent by estimating an outdoor air flow rate through viovent which the flimmer filter is installed and decide the leakage after operating the constant airflow fan within a house. First, the outdoor airflow rate through viovent measured $130\;m^3/h$ more than a legal required ventilation rate, $104\;m^3/h$. And then it sufficiently satisfy a legal standard, 0.7 air change/h. Secondly, the result of this test exposes that the leakage in the residence is about $20{\sim}25%$. Especially, the outdoor air flowing through the gate occupies 50% of the total leakage.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1998

A theoretical model was developed to evaluate the effects of soil and airflow characteristics on the soil-air heat exchanger performances. The model, which includes three-dimensional transient energy and mass equilibrium-equation, was solved by using a computer program that uses Finite Difference Methods and Gauss-Seidel iteration computation. Energy gains, heat exchange efficiencies, and outlet air temperature are presented including the effects of soil moisture content, soil conductivity, soil thermal diffusivity, and soil initial temperature. Also, data related to the effects of airflow rate and inlet air temperature on the thermal performance of the system are presented. The results indicated that energy gains depend on soil conductivity, soil thermal diffusivity, and soil initial temperature. Heat exchange efficiencies relied on air mass flow rate and soil moisture content.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.253-262
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• 1992

A numerical procedure is introduced to calculate local ventilation effectiveness using the definitions of local decay rate and local mean age. A low Reynolds number $k-{\varepsilon}$ model is implemented to calculate steady state turbulent velocity distributions, and a step-down method is used to calculate transient concentration distributions. Simulations are carried out for several different values of air change rates and several different diffuser angles in a two-dimensional model of a half scale office room. The results show that the local ventilation effectiveness within a room could vary significantly from one location to another. The nominal air change rate based on the assumption of complete mixing of room air does not provide the local ventilation effectiveness information. It is numerically proved that the local mean age distribution obtained from the transient calculation is equivalent to the steady state concentration distribution with homogeneously distributed contaminant sources.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.334-342
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• 2022

대기환경보전법이 강화되면서 야외저탄장을 옥내화 함으로써 외부로 날리는 비산먼지는 감소했지만, 저탄장에서 발생하는 석탄 비산먼지와 유해물질들을 단순히 격리함으로서 이러한 물질들이 내부에 축적되어 또 다른 문제를 야기할 수 있다. 본 연구는 이를 해결하기 위해 운영 중인 옥내 저탄장을 선정하여 내부 기류 흐름 양상과 환기량을 분석하였다. 옥내저탄장 내부 기류는 전반적으로 지형적으로 산 쪽에 접한 남서쪽으로 이동하는 경향을 보였다. 그리고 바다와 접한 북쪽 루버에서는 해풍에 의한 기류가 유입되고 있었다. 옥내저탄장 내부로 유입되는 총 유량은 918,691m³/h, 시간당 자연환기 횟수는 0.6회로 나타났다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 내부 기류가 집중되는 위치에 강제 환기장치를 설치하는 것을 제안한다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.2053-2065
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• 2003

The current trend in automotive finishing industry is to use more electrostatic rotating bell (ESRB) need space to their higher transfer efficiency. The flow physics related with the transfer efficiency is strongly influenced by operating parameters. In order to improve their high transfer efficiency without compromising the coating quality, a better understanding is necessary to the ESRB application of metallic basecoat painting for the automobile exterior. This paper presents the results from experimental investigation of the ESRB spray to apply water-borne painting. The visualization, the droplet size, and velocity measurements of the spray flow were conducted under the operating conditions such as liquid flow rate, shaping airflow rate, bell rotational speed, and electrostatic voltage setting. The optical techniques used in here were a microscopic and light sheet visualization by a copper vapor laser, and a phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) system. Water was used as paint surrogate for simplicity. The results show that the bell rotating speed is the most important influencing parameter for atomization processes. Liquid flow rate and shaping airflow rate significantly influence the spray structure. Based on the microscopic visualization, the atomization process occurs in ligament breakup mode, which is one of three atomization modes in rotating atomizer. In the spray transport zone, droplets tend to distribute according to size with the larger drops on the outer periphery of spray. In addition, the results of present study provide detailed information on the paint spray structure and transfer processes.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2020

It has been reported about the energy saving performance of UFAD(under floor air distribution) system and NPC(night purge cooling) system respectively which are applied for commercial buildings. However, when two systems are used at the same time, the effect of heat transfer from floor plenum to slab may vary depending on the operating conditions of NPC. In this study, cooling energy demands were analyzed for building models with UFAD and NPC by using TRNSYS 17 program. UFAD was applied as a cooling system of the base building model, and the cooling energy demands were compared for 64 cases in which the operating time, supply airflow rate, and outdoor air temperature(T_o) of NPC. As a result, it was confirmed that the cooling energy demands were reduced to 30 ~ 80% level compared to UFAD alone, and in particular, the energy demand was reduced in proportion to the supply airflow rate or the operating time while T_o was 16 ~ 20℃. However, when T_o was 22℃, the increase in the supply airflow rate or the operating time results in a disadvantage in terms of cooling energy demands. In addition, the cooling energy demands for UFAD+NPC model were analyzed by applying weather data from three regions with different average outdoor air temperatures. As a result, the cooling energy demand of operating NPC only when T_o was below 20℃ was reduced by 27% compared to that of operating NPC continuously for 8 hours.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1181-1186
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• 2012

We studied the ozone concentrations generated by low-temperature dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor after adding air and phytoplankton to control the ozone concentrations in seawater. We also examined the numbers of bacteria and Vibrio spp. after treatment using the plasma reactor. As the airflow rate was increased, more ozone was removed. Although marked variation in the ozone decrease was observed with and without airflow, the rate of ozone removal did not increase proportionately with the airflow rates. The ozone concentration decreased with increasing organic matter and time. The amount of organic matter seems to be an important factor decreasing the dissolved ozone concentration in liquid. The ozone concentration was 0.07, 0.32, 1.28, and 2.3 mg/L when operating the plasma reactor for 30, 60, 180, and 300 s, respectively; i.e., the ozone concentration increased with the reactor operating time. The initial numbers of bacteria and Vibrio spp. were 800 and 480 CFU/mL, respectively. After operating the plasma reactor at a flow rate of 6 L/min for 30 s, no bacteria or Vibrio spp. were detected. The disinfection effect of this plasma reactor seems to be superior to that of a conventional ozone generator.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2023

성대구증은 불완전 성대폐쇄부전으로 평균호기류율(mean airflow rate, MFR)이 높은 것이 특징이다. MFR은 phonatory aerodynamic system(PAS)의 두 공기역학적 검사 방법(MXPH, VOEF)으로 측정하며, 두 검사 방법에 따라 결과가 다르게 나타날 수 있다. 본 연구는 성대구증 환자 30명을 대상으로 PAS의 MXPH, VOEF 프로토콜에 따른 MFR의 치료 전과 후 차이, 치료 전후 변화량 간의 차이가 있는지 비교하였다. 그리고 치료 전과 후의 Voice handicap index(VHI), GRBS 및 기본주파수(F0)를 비교하였다. 연구결과, 성대구증 환자의 치료 전과 후 모두에서 검사 방법 간에 유의한 차이가 나타났으나 치료 전후의 변화량은 유의한 차이가 없었다. VHI와 GRBS는 치료 전에 비해 치료 후에 유의하게 감소하였으나 F0는 치료 전과 후에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 본 연구를 통해 성대구증 환자의 치료에 따른 MFR 변화를 평가할 때, 두 공기역학적 검사 방법(MXPH, VOEF) 중 어떠한 검사 방법을 사용해도 된다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2017

This study presents a particle-wall filtration model for predicting the particle motion behavior in a typical rotational flow field-filtration in blower system of cooker hood. Based on computational fluid dynamics model, air flow and particles has been simulated by Lagrangian-particle/ Eulerian-gas approaches and get verified by experiment data from a manufacturer. Airflow volume, particle diameter and local structure, which are related to the particle filtration has been studied. Results indicates that: (1) there exists an optimal airflow volume of $1243m^3/h$ related to the most appropriate filtration rate; (2) Diameter of particle is the significant property related to the filtration rate. Big size particles can represent the filtration performance of blower; (3) More than 86% grease particles are caught by impeller blades firstly, and then splashed onto the corresponding location of worm box internal wall. These results would help to study the micro-particle motion behavior and evaluate the filtration rate and structure design of blower.