• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.43
• /
• pp.201-238
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to describe the contents and issues of the draft legislation of Part VI the Carriage by Air of Korean Commercial Code in respect of the domestic carriage of cargo by air, comparing to the related provisions of the Montreal Convention of 1999 for the unification of certain rules for international carriage by air and the related provisions of Korean Commercial Code in respect of the carriage by land and sea. The Montreal Convention in respect of the international carriage by air was adopted in 1999, and Korea has ratified the Montreal Convention in 2007. However, there is now no national legislation in respect of the carriage by air in Korea. Thus, the Ministry of Justice has prepared the draft legislation of Part VI the Carriage by Air of the Korean Commercial Code in July 2008, and the draft legislation is now being reviewed by the National Assembly. The draft provisions of Part VI the Carriage by Air are basically adopting most of the related provisions of the Montreal Convention in respect of the carriage of cargo by air and some draft provisions are applying the related provisions of the Korean Commercial Code in respect of the carriage of cargo by land and sea. In respect of the carriage of cargo by air, the contents of the draft legislation of Part VI the Carriage by Air are composed of the provisions in respect of the liability of the carrier, the rights of the consignor and consignee, the transport document and others. In respect of the carriage of cargo by air, the issues on the draft legislation of Part VI the Carriage by Air are the problems with respect to the extinguishment of the liability of the carrier, the application for the non-contractual claim, the liability limit of the servants or agents of the carrier, the right of disposition of cargo, the effect of breach of the provision in respect of the air transport document, the prescription of claim of the carrier, the immunity reasons from liability of the carrier for the loss or damage of the cargo, the making out of the air waybill, and the effect of the statement of the air transport document. In conclusion, the national legislation of Part VI the Carriage by Air of the Korean Commercial Code will protect the right and interest of the consignor and consignee, and clarify the right and duty of the parties to the air transport. Also it will contribute to the development of the air transport industry in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.181-187
• /
• 2008

The market of air cargo in Korea grows very quickly and diversifies. It is an essential factor in the process of development of Northeast-Asia as a hub for Air Cargo logistics. But the process of air cargo in Korea is complex as compared with other north-east asia nations and it has many problems and causes inconvenience to owners of freight. We emphasize that 4PL(Fourth party Logistics) is the excellent solution from among many alternatives. The wave of 4PL added to strategic consulting based on new IT techniques, for example RFID, with logistics outsourcing through existing 3PL service is a great issue. It is also worthy of notice that EPCglobal network strengthen the role of 4PL. In conclusion, the 4PL system based on EPCglobal network will result in a good success, so it will raise a prestige of air cargo in Korea to a higher position. This study deals with the new logistics system, air cargo logistics system based on u-4PL system, RFID and EPCglobal network, that will bring many advantages. At the end, we verify the u-4PL air cargo logistics system by simulation tool.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.56-63
• /
• 2016

For air express service providers offering various express delivery services such as overnight delivery and next-business day delivery services, establishing quickly cargo loading plans is one of important issues owing to the characteristics of air express business, i.e., a short amount of time is available to complete all cargo loading operations before flight departure after receiving air express containers, pallets and bulks. On the other hand, one of major concerns in the air cargo loading planning is to make a plan that insures the stability of an aircraft to avoid take-off, flight, and landing accidents. To this end, this paper considers an air cargo loading planning problem, which is the problem of determining locations in the aircraft cargo space where air containers, pallets and bulks to be loaded while insuring the aircraft stability, motivated from DHL and Air Hong Kong. The objective of the problem is to maximize the total revenue gained from loading air express containers, pallets and bulks. To solve the problem, this paper suggests a simulated annealing algorithm to overcome impracticality of the integer programming model developed by a previous study requiring excessive computation time. The results of computational experiments show that the heuristic algorithm is a viable tool for establishing express cargo loading plans as giving robust and good solutions in a short amount of computation time. Scenario analyses are performed to investigate the effect of the current activities of air express carriers on the revenue change and to draw practical implications for air express service providers.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.157-161
• /
• 2017

Effective management of ULD (Unit Load Device) in Air Cargo Transportation is one of the Airline's main concerns. At present, the way of management of ULD which has the ID tag based on RFID is carried by cargo control staff with PDA. However, the activity of ULD management is limitted due to complexity of cargo terminal facilities. In this study, we offer the effective way of management of ULD by the DRONE equipped by LED-ID & RFID READER at the higher altitude in Air Cargo Terminal to recover the difficulty of identification due to complexity of terminal facilities. Further to the above, we suggest the operational effectiveness, limitation, and the direction of future research.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.13 no.7
• /
• pp.281-289
• /
• 2008

In this study, a discrete-event simulation model is developed to estimate load factors and the corresponding revenues under different pricing and dispatching policies. The model has been employed to forecast the inbound and the outbound air cargo demands of the major Northeastern Chinese cities, and the simulation results were compared to the actual demands obtained from real-life airline operations. The statistical analysis confirms that the simulation model is able to provide accurate estimates for air cargo demands, and thus, the model may be employed to be a useful tool for air cargo demand management.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.20
• /
• pp.213-239
• /
• 2003

This paper intends to describe the liability regime of the air carrier under the Montreal Convention of 1999 for the international cargo, comparing to those of the existing Warsaw Convention system. Also this paper deals with main issues of the Montreal Convention which are relevant for the carrier's liability in the carriage by air of cargo. The Warsaw Convention was adopted in 1929 and modified successively in 1955, 1961, 1971, 1975, and 1999. The Montreal Convention of 1999 modernized and consolidated the Warsaw Convention and related instruments. International air carrier is liable by application of principle of strict liability as stated in the Montreal Convention : The carrier is liable for the destruction or loss of, or damage to cargo and delay during the carriage by air, and the carrier's liability is limited to a sum of 17 Special Drawing Rights per kilogramme. However, the Montreal Convention has main outstanding issues with respect to the liability of the air carrier : potential conflicts between the Montreal Convention and the Warsaw Convention, the amounts of limits of the carrier's liability, the duration of the carrier's liability, the exessive litigation, and the aviation insurance. Therefore, the conditions and limits of the carrier's liability under the Montreal Convention should be readjusted and regulated in detail.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2022.06a
• /
• pp.204-206
• /
• 2022

The global economy and the air transport business have been affected since the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. As countries tighten restrictions on international movements, the growing emphasis on air cargo puts pressure on airports to maintain and upgrade their cargo policies, facilities, and operations. Hence, ensuring the competitiveness of cargo airports becomes pivotal for airports survival under the volatile global demand. The study aims to evaluate the importance of the competitiveness factors for cargo airports and identify areas for further improvement. The study applies the Best-Worst Method (BWM) to assess the cargo airports' competitiveness factors: 'Transport Capacity,' 'Airport Operations and Facility Capacity,' 'Economic Growth,' 'Financial Performance,' and 'Airport Brand Value.' The selected airports include Heathrow Airport, Aéroport de Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Hong Kong International Airport, and Incheon International Airport. The results identify 'Transport Capacity' as the most significant competitiveness factor, and Hong Kong International Airport the best performing cargo airport. This research forms a reference framework for evaluating cargo airports' competitive position, which may help identify airports' relative strengths and weaknesses. Moreover, this framework can also serve as a tool facilitating the strategic design of airports that may accommodate both air cargo and passenger demand flexibly under the demand uncertainty.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.559-583
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted on the assumption that for Incheon international airport to become the logistics hub of northeast asia's region, it is necessary to investigate and analyze problems of forwarder's international air cargo transportation process, those factors and so on. The conditions of the process of international air cargo transportation was analysed individually according to the time required, satisfaction and problems of each step of process by dividing those into import and export. Consequently it turned out that the time required for the export process of the international air cargo transportation is longer by about 1 hour than the import process which means the improvement of import section rather than export is more urgent to improve the overall international air cargo transportation process. For the improvement of the process, it is also necessary to construct the international air cargo transportation' information system, secure competition of operating and to improve logistics standardization by considering all factors above.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.36 no.12B
• /
• pp.1686-1697
• /
• 2011

This paper aims to build up a RFID-automated cargo movement system in an air-cargo warehouse. In our research, we do the spectrum measurements compliant with the RFID frequency bands to observe the interferences from legacy systems in the air-cargo warehouse. To overcome the dense-reader mode (DRM) problem, we apply three novel approaches, which are the periodic transmit of a reader, the Visible RFID reader & tag, and the sensor-based RFID system. Moreover, for the tag collision issue, we implement the Adaptive Adjustable Framed Q(AAFQ) algorithm, and the demonstration on RFID tag anti-collision algorithms show that the AAFQ algorithm has highly desirable tag anti-collision performance compared to any other commercially available solutions.

• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• 2015.09a
• /
• pp.20-27
• /
• 2015

The juice carrier is the first ship built in korea. Special refrigerator system and cargo hold insulation with stainless steel tank were equipped on cargo hold. We studied optimum design of cargo hold insulation for reducing of ship building schedule and cost including good quality with refrigerating efficiency. From this study, general and newly specified juice carrier, technical method of cargo hold insulation system, air flow with division air wall, K-value calculation have been investigated.