• 설비공학논문집
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.530-537
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• 2010

With the advancement of technology, the density of IT equipment, heat load and power consumption continue to increase in high density internal-load dominated buildings as datacenters. To improve the HVAC system's energy performance and efficiency, there is a need to find methods of using outside air. Through cooling tower control that is based on outside wet-bulb temperature, the water-side economizer made it possible to achieve a maximum energy performance improvement of about 16.6% over the basic chilled water system, whereas the air-side economizer, through control based on outdoor air enthalpy, made it possible to achieve about 42.4% improvement.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.178-185
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• 2016

This study describes the analysis of a 20 MW chilled water plant used for the IT cooling of a recently constructed data center in Korea. The CFD model was developed with the aim of evaluating the impact of problems such as chiller failure on the water and air temperatures in the cooling system. The numerical model includes the chilled water hydraulic network and individual water-to-air CRAC units. The coupling between the IT server room air temperature levels and the cooling plant has enabled a full assessment of the cooling system design in response to system fault conditions to be performed. The paper examines an emergency situation involving the failure of the cooling plant, and shows how the inherent thermal inertia of the system along with additional inertia achieved through buffer systems allowed a suitable design to be achieved.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.21-38
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• 2014

지구의 온난화로 인하여 기온이 상승하고 이에 대응하여 수온 증가가 감지되고 있다. 하천의 수온 변화는 수질과 생태계, 특히 용존산소변화와 생물체의 이동으로 이어진다. 기온 변화가 하천의 수질과 생태 환경에 미치는 영향을 추정하기 위해서 수온 상승의 시기와 하천 어종에 대한 이해가 필요한데 이를 위하여 미래의 수온을 예측할 필요가 있다. 환경부 산하 국립환경과학원에서 설치한 국가수질관측망 자료와 기상청 기상관측소의 기온 자료를 활용하여 기온-수온 비선형 상관관계모형을 구축하였다. 기온-수온 대표 관계인 비선형 로지스틱(Logistic) 함수에 포함된 4개의 매개변수를 결정하기 위하여 SCE최적화 기법을 이용하였다. 기온-수온 상관관계는 시간규모에 따른 최대 온도와 최소 온도에 차이가 있으나 수질 또는 생태 반응의 적당한 시간규모에 해당하는 주 평균 온도를 이용하여 분석하였다. 전반적으로 우리나라 하천의 기온-수온 관계는 선형보다는 비선형 모형에서 NSC와 RMSE가 더 우수하여 비선형 모형이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과는 미래의 기온 상승 변화에 반응하는 수질, 수문 및 생태반응에 대비하여 공학기술자 또는 정책입안자에게 적절한 기후변화 대책 방향을 설정하는 데 지침을 제공할 것이다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.188-200
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• 2018

This paper proposes a single control strategy to solve the problem of trans-media vehicle difficult control. The proposed control strategy is just to control the vehicle's air navigation, but not to control the underwater navigation. The hydrodynamic model of a vehicle when entering water obliquely at low speed has been founded to analyze the motion characteristics. Two methods have been used to simulate the vehicle entering water in the same condition: numerical simulation method and theoretical model solving method. And the results of the two methods can validate the hydrodynamic model founded in this paper. The entering water motion in the conditions of different velocity, different angle, and different attack angle has been simulated by this hydrodynamic model and the simulation has been analyzed. And the change rule of the vehicle's gestures and position when entering water has been obtained by analysis. This entering water rule will guide the follow-up of a series of research, such as the underwater navigation, the exiting water process and so on.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(1)
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• pp.588-589
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• 2005

Current expertise in air-water turbulent flows on stepped chutes is limited to laboratory experiments at low to moderate Reynolds numbers on flat horizontal steps. In this study, highly turbulent air-water flows skimming down a large-size stepped chute were systematically investigated with a $22^{\circ}$ slope (Fig. 1). Turbulence manipulation was conducted using vanes or longitudinal ribs to enhance interactions between skimming flows and cavity recirculating regions (Fig. 2). Systematic experiments were performed with seven configurations. The results demonstrated the strong influence of vanes on the air-water flow. An increase in flow resistance was observed consistently with maximum flow resistance achieved with vanes placed in a zigzag pattern.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.2662-2669
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• 2002

Recently structural applications of adhesive bonding method have been increased extensively in automobile industry. Adhesively-bonded joints which are used in automobile field are exposed to various environmental conditions. In this study, several environmental factors were concerned to evaluate their effects on the adhesive strength such as air temperature, water temperature, exposed time in water. The specimens are exposed for 1, 10 and 100 hours at various air temperatures to evaluate the effects of the air and water temperature on the adhesive strength. It is proved that the adhesive strength decrease with rising the air and water temperature, and the adhesive strength decrease steeply at the higher temperature with increasing the exposure time in water.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.1227-1233
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• 2004

Air handling unit (AHU)'s air filter pressure difference is important for energy consumption and indoor air quality. Both energy Performance data and air filter differential pressure of AHU in real office buildings were monitored and analyzed to investigate quantitatively energy impact as dust buildup level on air filter grows. We also modeled and simulated CAV system using HVACSIM＋ program to examine the energy effect of dust buildup on filters. Through analysis of time series pressure drop data, the filter pressure difference rate has been increased due to cumulative supply air flow rate increase. As filter pressure drop increased to 1 inch water column, it is found that the supply air flow rate was decreased by 10%, the chilled water flow rate was increased by 5.9% and the pump energy consumption was increased to 5.9%.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.70-75
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• 2010

Compressed air represents an energy source and an force-transmission medium for brake systems on medium-heavy and heavy-duty commercial vehicles. However, one disadvantage is the tendency of air to absorb moisture in the form of water vapor. This water vapor condenses once the air, which is heated during compression, cools back to ambient temperature upon emerging from the air compressor. The resulting condensation assumes the form of moisture in pneumatic lines, air tanks, cylinders and valve assemblies and can have negative consequences for the brake system and vehicle safety. The pneumatic systems on today's vehicles are equipped with air dryers, in which the supplied air is dried according to the adsorption principle. In the systems, the compressed air flows through a granular desiccant with molecular sieves which captures the water molecules.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2015

지구 온난화의 영향으로 해수면과 기온이 상승하고, 이의 직접적인 영향으로 수온이 증가하고 있다. 지구 온난화가 하천의 수질과 생태 환경에 미치는 영향을 추정하기 위해서는 수온에 대해 이해하고 수온의 변화를 예측할 필요가 있다. 이 연구에서는 수온의 변화를 예측하기 위하여 기온과 수온자료를 입력자료로 하여 수온의 예측을 실시하였다. 2012년에서 2014년까지 환경부의 수질환경관측소에서 관측한 새만금호내의 신시, 가력, 만경, 동진 4개 지점의 수온자료와 기상청에서 같은 기간에 관측한 부안의 자동관측 기온 자료를 활용하였다. 신경망이론을 이용하여 최고 및 최저 수온을 예측한 결과 4개 지점의 모든 결과에서 아주 높은 상관계수를 가지고 있다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.1066-1072
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• 2000

This study is to investigate the pressure wave characteristics and the absorption of maximum and minimum pressure generated by instantaneous valve closure at the end of the straightening copper piping system with and without a water hammer arrester. Experiments were conducted under the following conditions : initial pressure 1~5 bar, flow velocity 0.6~3.0 m/s, water temperature $20^{\circ}C$ and air volume of water hammer arrester $80~180^cm^3$. Experimental results show that the optimum air volume of water hammer arrester is 110㎤.