• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 1996

Simultaneous monitoring in many locations is necessary to evaluate the air quality and analyze future trend of a city, For this purpose, it is essential to install air pollution monitoring network. The first automatic air pollution monitoring network was introduced Seoul in 1973. As of 1995, 20 monitoring stations are now in operation. Concerning the management of the air pollution monitoring network, there was some argument among the relavant scholars, non-governmental organization(NGO) and the government organization. So far, there was no extensive evaluation and analysis about the network. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the representativeness of air quality monitoring network through actual measurement of the concentration of the air pollutant. The concentration of NOx was extensively measured widely in Seoul area three times using the TEA simple measuring technique. Even the judgement level for the area representativeness was lowered to 80%, Ssangmun-dong monitoring station tend to overestimate the pollutant concentration of the covered area. While, Sinlimdong monitoring station tend to underestimate the pollutant concentration of the covered area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.453-459
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• 1996

This study was carried out to determine the changes in quality during the drying process and the optimum drying condition for utilizing soybean curd residue. The quality criteria for soybean curd residue were acid value, peroxide value, fatty acid composition and microbial concentration. The acid values of soybean curd residue were 7.5, 4.5 and 5.9 KOH mg/g upon 12 hour drying with open-air sun, ambient-air blast and warm-air blast, respectively. The numbers of total aerobic bacteria and molds increased remarkably during drying with open-air sunlight, ambient-air blast and warm-air blast except for hot air blast. Among different drying methods, the hot air blast drying(1kg of sample) was the most effective methods, which completed in three hours. Also, the drying method demonstrated a typical drying curve ; settling down, constant rate drying and falling rate drying period were shown within one hour, from one and three hours and after three hours, respectively. Moreover, there was significant variation in the constant drying period for the quality of soybean curd residue.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.440-447
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• 2015

In the shipbuilding process, the confined work spaces of the ship are formed continuously; the ventilation method can therefore be limited to dilution ventilation due to the complex structure and limited opening of the confined space. Also, it is difficult to evaluate air-quality using measurement and an adequate ventilation method. CFD simulation methods are typically used in analyzing ventilation efficiency in these cases. In this study, a method is suggested to analyze the air quality of the complex enclosures in shipbuilding using CFD. Especially, among the conventional indices, the ventilation efficiency scales or indices, the supply air contribution (SVE4), and the age of the air (SVE3) (fit for the confined and complex enclosure) were applied.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2007

This study was carried out to estimate the emission reduction rates for the regional allowable emissions by special measures to achieve the target air quality in Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA). A modeling system was designed to validate the details in enforcement regulations set up by local governments based on the current status and plans for air quality improvement. Modeling system was composed of meteorological model (MM5), emission model (SMOKE), and air quality model (CMAQ). Predicted results by this system show quiet well not only daily air pollutants concentration but also the tendencies of wind direction, wind speed and temperature. To achieve the target air quality in Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), emission allowances are estimated by seasons and regions. Referring to the base year 2002, it was estimated that emission reduction rates to achieve the intermediate goal in 2007 were 14.2% and 16.6% for NOx and $PM_{10}$, respectively. It was also estimated that 52% of NOx and 48% of $PM_{10}$ reductions from the base year 2002 would be required to accomplish the air quality improvement goal of 22 ppb for $NO_2$, and $40mg/m^3$ for $PM_{10}$ in year 2014. To improve $NO_2$ and $PM_{10}$ concentration through emissions reduction policies, it was found that emissions reduction for the on-road mobile sources would be the most effective in SMA.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.73-82
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• 2009

The traffic volume of Seoul is extremely high in comparison to other major cities in Korea, and the result has been harmful physical and mental exposure to pollution by Seoulites on a regular basis. The street air pollution is more important than the others, because the air pollution generated by street traffic directly impacts the health of nearby pedestrians. This problem requires urgent attention and resolution. Among the factors creating the air pollution originating from the street, is the configuration of streets, which have emerged as the most significant because it is related to air and pollutant dispersion. Therefore, this study was conducted under the assumption that street form affects the air quality. Study sites were classified by street characteristics, and air quality was analyzed in each class. Then the OSPM (Operational Street Pollution Model) was employed to simulate the relationship between street configuration and air quality of streets within the old city center and new city center in Seoul. After that this study analyzed the correlation between air pollution and the spatial configuration of urban streets (ex. street width, building height, building density, etc.) to determine their contributions to air pollution. The outcome of this study is as follows : First, the result that was derived from the correlation analysis between street configuration and air quality hewed that the air pollution of the street is influenced by the average height of building, width of the roads as well as traffic volume. On the roadside, the concentration level of $NO_2$ is mainly affected by the average height of building and the deviation of building height along the street and CO is affected by street width. The outcome of this study can be used as a basis for more sound urban design policies, and the promotion of desirable street environments for pedestrians.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.3-10
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• 2010

As indoor air quality directly affects health and comforts of the residents, researchers from different countries have continued to explore criteria by which indoor air quality can be indicated in a scientific and quantitative manner over the past several decades. However, there are many possibilities that can deteriorate indoor air quality. Due to the uncertainty of influence factors, it is quite difficult to develop a correct evaluation model and quantitative method. Furthermore, the effects from the indoor air pollutants have different levels, leading to the difficulties to apply the regular standard. This study aims to propose evaluation criteria by using the FD-AHP analysis. Obtained findings will be beneficial to construct apartment buildings, commercial buildings and others health performance evaluation framework.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.16 no.5 s.110
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• pp.551-558
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• 2006

Noise from air-conditioner system installed in the ceiling of a classroom was evaluated to investigate the sound quality of air-conditioning noise. Harmonics of air-conditioning noise were removed and the sound pressure levels of the frequency bands from $250{\sim}630Hz$ were changed to control sound quality. Evaluation for refreshing sensation was conducted using a paired comparison method and the results showed that noise without harmonics were preferred to noise with harmonics. The noises which have larger level increases to the unchanged noise at $250{\sim}630Hz$ were evaluated better in both of the noises with and without harmonics. Results of multiple regression analysis on psychoacoustic parameters and subjective preferences showed sharpness as a major affecting factor in describing the refreshing aspect of air-conditioning sound.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.649-655
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• 2006

The recent indoor air quality problem in a newly-built apartment house is resulted from the improvement of airtightness performance and the use of the building material contained harmful chemical substances. As a result, these cause indoor air quality gradually to become worse and the harmful effect on occupant health called Sick House Syndrome. The most effective solution to improve the indoor air quality is to encourage the use of green building material. However, if the house is built with general building material, ventilation with outdoor air is alternative to dilute the pollutant concentration. The purpose of this re-search is to find optimum ventilation time in a newly-built apartment house at which the ventilatoris installed. It is found that the HCHO and toluene concentrations are remarkably decreased with the elapse of ventilation time and the concentration reduction rate is increased with increment of air change rate after one hour after operating the ventilator.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.149-155
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• 2020

Air pollution is a problem of environmental health risk in big cities. Recently, researchers have proposed using various artificial intelligence technologies to predict air pollution. The proposed model is Cooperative of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Fuzzy Inference System (FIS), to predict air pollution of Korean cities using Python. Data air pollutant variables were collected and the Air Korean Web site air quality index was downloaded. This paper's aim was to predict on the health risks and the very unhealthy values of air pollution. We have predicted the air pollution of the environment based on the air quality index. According to the results of the experiment, our model was able to predict a very unhealthy value.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 1996

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate breathing zone air quality in Taegu, using automatic analyzers for four air quality standards($SO_2$, $NO_2$, CO, and $O_3$). First, air target compounds were measured for 8 to 12 hours in each of two commercial areas and five residential areas. Second, air target compounds were hourly measured for 24 hours in each of two commercial areas, two residential areas, and an industrial complex area. Based on the first experiment the breathing zone air was more polluted in the commercial area as compared to the residential area, while the second experiment showed that the breathing zone air was polluted rather in the residential are3 as compared to the commercial area. The second experiment also indicated that there was some variation of breathing zone air concentration with time and measuring sites. Diurnal variation of breathing zone air concentrations was consistent with previous studies which measured at building height. The highest breathing zone air concentration was shown in Seongseo industrial complex area. An unusual finding of this study was that $SO_2$ concentration in the breathing zone air of Bisandong, a typical residential area of Taegu, was higher than that of other residential areas, even higher than that of Seongseo industrial complex area.