• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2015

For the globalization of Korean food restaurants, the kitchens should be equipped with proper ventilation systems and space to keep clean and ensure food safety. This study aimed to examine the ratio of kitchen to total space of restaurant and the suitability of the ventilation systems employed at Korean food restaurants. Data were collected by on-site survey of 12 Korean foods restaurants in Seoul. Length and width of the restaurants were measured with scale. Temperatures and air velocity around the heating equipment, working area, and hood were measured with a thermal imaging camera anemometer and thermometer. Statistical analyses were conducted with the SPSS program. The average space of the restaurants was $25.7m^2$. The ratio of kitchen to space was 0.22 for restaurants sized $32m^2$, 0.28 for $33-66m^2$, 0.21 for $66.1-99m^2$, 0.16 for $99.1-148.5m^2$, and 0.35 for those above $148.5m^2$. Average maximum and minimum air velocity around the hood were 0.28 m/sec and 0.22 m/sec, respectively. Under these conditions, the temperature of the working area was $41^{\circ}C$, presenting an uncomfortable indoor temperature for kitchen employees to work. When classifying 3 groups based on the minimum and maximum air velocity, the temperatures near the cooking area and in the hood of the restaurants showed significant differences among the three groups. When the maximum air velocity was over 0.3 m/sec, the temperature of the cooking area was as $30.1^{\circ}C$, showing a significantly lower temperature (p<0.01). Based on these results, the kitchen space rate of 0.25 to the total space and a ventilation system maintaining a maximum air velocity over 0.3 m/sec were recommended for ensuring the food safety of Korean foods restaurants sized 66 to $99m^2$.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

In this paper, the air flow induced by the rotating flat disk is numerically investigated in a hope to better understand the air flow structures inside the wax spin coater for a silicon wafer polishing station. Due to the complex inner geometry of actual spin coater such as the casing around the rotating ceramic block and servo motor, recirculation of air flow is inevitably found on the coating target if the internal space of spin coater is closed at the bottom and it could be the possible source of contamination on the wax coating. By numerical flow simulation, we found that it is necessary to install the air vent at the bottom and to apply the sufficient air suction in order to control the path of air flow and to eliminate the air recirculation zone above the spinning surface of coating target.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2008

This research has established CFD model on pit's cool-tube system through heat and air movement simulations, of which data was based on experimental and verification. This research work verified the effectiveness of the cool-tube system by analysing temperature, humidity and air current of the actually installed case. Also, we analysed heat transfer through air current simulation and the results are as followings. Firstly, we experiment on temperature, humidity and speed of air currents of the cool tube system with pit space during the month of May (spring). The average exterior temperature was $16.1^{\circ}C$, and $18.2^{\circ}C$ for the pit, $24.7^{\circ}C$ for the compressor room. Secondly, based on measured data of real case, we have analysed heat transfer through air current simulation and verified our proposed model. The actual measurement of average temperature of exhaust air of the pit's area is $19.7^{\circ}C$ with tolerance of $-0.33^{\circ}C{\sim}-0.6^{\circ}C$ compared to above simulations. Thirdly, having verified air current simulation model with formation of 260,000 and 1,000,000 cells, we could get reasonable near values with 260,000 cells. Lastly, the next step of research would be focused on proposing the best possible pit's cool-tube system after analysis of heat transfer of the air current simulation based on verified CFD model.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.1017-1025
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 무인항공기의 대기속도 및 압력고도를 측정하는 공력자료시스템(ADS)을 개발하였다. ADS는 비행제어시스템에 항공기 속도와 고도를 제공함으로써 실속속도 이하에서의 비행을 막고 고도유지 비행을 가능하게 하는 시스템이다. 무인항공기의 속도와 고도를 정확하게 측정하는 것은 비행성능을 확인하고 항공기의 안전성을 보장하기 위한 중요한 부분이다. 본 논문에서 개발된 ADS는 MEMS 압력센서, 저역통과필터, 마이크로 컨트롤러 그리고 피토튜브로 구성되어 있다. 온도보정과 압력보정을 통해 ADS 데이터의 오차를 줄였으며 비행시험에서 GPS 데이터와 ADS 데이터를 비교하였다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2002

Recently the number of auditoriums such as theaters, assembly halls, and concert halls is increasing in Korea. Auditoriums have generally large space volume, have a high density of occupancy per unit floor area, compared to other buildings. Since they have relatively high ceilings, some heat may stratify above the occupied zone. The under floor air conditioning system, which is set under seats, is frequently selected in an auditorium, because typical air conditioning system where air is supplied from ceilings often causes drafts and unequal temperature distribution. Therefore, this study aims to suggest basic data for air conditioning system design of a middle-sized auditorium. Features and problems of air conditioning system of an auditorium which has about 500 seats are investigated as a case study. In addition, indoor thermal comfort and cooling energy consumption are analyzed with a CFD program and an energy analysis program.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to study how F.L. Wright reflected the climatic properties and materials of the region into creative ways of designing his architecture. The research method examined the design methods and use of materials by Wright in existing research literature and compares the space plans of housing works in Arizona. The research results will be summarized as follows : 1) For two-story houses, pilotis was used to avoid the hot air and the walls on the ground floor were often planned as thick wall. 2) In the fifties, F.L. Wright's design method changed in a circle from the vertical and horizontal lines. 3) F.L.Wright's Architectural form concepts and design concepts were extracted from local symbolic forms and natural forms. 4) F.L.Wright avoided Arizona's direct light but Indirect sunlight enters into the interior space. 5)External space was expressed as a closed space, while internal space was expressed as an open space. It's like an organic space. 6) Most of the housing materials used are stone and cement from rough deserts, and wood with low heat conductivity and thick concrete blocks to prevent the sunlight from rising above.

• 교육시설
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2007

For the moderns who spend more than 80% of the time inside a building, interior environment became important since it directly affects their health. Recently as noxiousness of the air contaminants of the interior space stood out as well as the above trend, the Ministry of Environment enacted a lawto maintain the interior air quality at certain level of standard in the multi use facility and newly constructed apartment. To make the indoor air clean, removal technology of various contaminants should be developed and interior materials with chemical treatment should be restrained. In other words, selection of interior finish affects indoor air quality from the initial design stage to the construction stage. However, only limited contaminants emission data of building materials are supplied by related companies. There is no average contaminants emission data for overall materials. Moreover, high cost and equipments for one time measurement of VOCs emission of interior finish are the obstacles of active research and data measurement. Therefore, this paper searched the current condition of average VOCs & HCHO emission of various interior finish based on the study requested to research center from the building material company through Stands Test Method for Indoor Air Quality.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1993년도 지하공간 건설기술에 관한 서울 심포지움 논문집
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• pp.133-162
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• 1993

The environment of underground spaces might be considered in view of working environment during the construction and living environment after completion of the construction work. For controlling environment of underground space, an appropriate measures have to be taken on the governing factors such as air flow, dust, gases, heat, radiation, noise, illumination and water. The more critical matter, in underground environmental point of view, is underground disasters such as fire, gas explosion and water inrush. This paper presents the general introduction of these factors mentioned above and some outcomes of research works as of now.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2001

Single sound absorbers such as porous materials, panels, and Helmholts resonators have limited performance with some extents of frequency region. For example, porous materials do not attenuate low frequency sounds, while panels do not absorb high frequency sounds. Composite absorption structure with coverings, porous materials, and air gaps are an alternative for wide band sound absorption. Slits, panels, perforated panels are those materials for coverings, glass wool, mineral wool, polyester, and polyurethane are frequently used porous materials. Air gap between the porous material and background surface is one of major factors which governs the absorption characteristics of composite absorption structures, especially in the low frequency area. Calculations and measurements show that the absorption coefficients of composite absorption structure, in mid and low frequency bands, are getting higher with increased air gaps. Perforated panels rather than slits and panels are good coverings with higher number as far as absorption coefficient is concerned. Perforated panels with porous materials and 37 cm of air gaps in background have high absorption coefficients for all frequency bands, above 0.7 to 1.0. All measurements are performed in reverberation chamber, Mokpo National University, according to ISO 354 and ISO 3382.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.50-56
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• 1972

기포막을 이용한 어구 어법을 고안할 목적으로 각종 기포막으로 해산어의 반응을 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 기포막으로 어군의 진로 차단 및 구집이 가능했다. 2. 송기 압력 $0.160kg/cm^2$일 때, 기포 발생용 파이프 내압이 $0.087kg/cm^2$ 이상일 때는 기포막이 순조롭게 형성되었고, 송기 압력 $0.087kg/cm^2$일 때, 그 내압이 $0.018kg/cm^2$ 이하이면 침수되었다. 3. 효율적인 기포막을 형성하기 위해서는 수심 80cm, 송기 압력 $0.160kg/cm^2$에서는 구멍 크기 $\phi$ 0.3mm 간격 30cm가 가장 효과적이었다(Table 2).