• Wind and Structures
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.361-376
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• 2008

This paper considers internal pressure fluctuations for a range of building volumes and dominant wall opening areas. The study recognizes that the air flow in and out of the dominant opening in the envelope generates Helmholtz resonance, which can amplify the internal pressure fluctuations compared to the external pressure, at the opening. Numerical methods were used to estimate fluctuating standard deviation and peak (i.e. design) internal pressures from full-scale measured external pressures. The ratios of standard deviation and peak internal pressures to the external pressures at a dominant windward wall opening of area, AW are presented in terms of the non-dimensional opening size to volume parameter, $S^*=(a_s/\bar{U}_h)^2(A_W^{3/2}/V_{Ie})$ where $a_s$ is the speed of sound, $\bar{U}_h$ is the mean wind speed at the top of the building and $V_{Ie}$ is the effective internal volume. The standard deviation of internal pressure exceeds the external pressures at the opening, for $S^*$ greater than about 0.75, showing increasing amplification with increasing $S^*$. The peak internal pressure can be expected to exceed the peak external pressure at the opening by 10% to 50%, for $S^*$ greater than about 5. A dominant leeward wall opening also produces similar fluctuating internal pressure characteristics.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.225-228
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• 2004

반응표면분석법(RSM)을 활용하여 유동층과립기의 흡입공기온도, 물의 투입비율, 분무압력 등이 분유의 과립화에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분유의 과립화 수율은 물의 투입 비율에 많은 영향을 받고 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 겉보기밀도 및 다짐 밀도는 분무압력에 크게 영향을 받고 있음을 보여주었다. 분유의 유동층 과립화의 최적조건은 흡입공기온도6$0^{\circ}C$, 물의 투입비율 16 mL/min, 그리고 분무압력 2.1 bar이었으며, 이때 과립화 수율은 94.0%, 겉보기밀도는 0.350 g/㎤, 그리고 다짐밀도는 0.446 g/㎤로 각각 예측되었다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 1991

In this paper, the fatigue strength and the fatigue crack propagation behaviors of the round bar specimens which were spirally built up by welding and subsequently hardened by quenching were investigated. The material used was SF60 which was whdely employed in mechanical components, especially shafts. Fatigue tests were conducted at the fully reversed condition(R=-1) and axial and load control in the room temperature ahd air environment. The experimental results were expressed by both the range of stress intensity factor ($\Delta{K}$) and the effective range of stress intensity factor ($\Delta{K}_{eff}$). It was clarified that applying of quenching after the building up welding process improved the fatigue strength and the gatigue crack propagation property in the low range of $\Delta{K}$ of the built up round bar specimen.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.841-846
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• 2008

Recently the LNG(liquified natural gas) public buses have been introduced to prevent the air pollution in metropolitan areas. As the LNG temperature in fuel tank is as low as $-162^{\circ}C$. the thermal and structural effects of tank components need to be studied for safe introduction in the market. Especially the support system of LNG fuel tank in vehicle, which has connected with inside and outside of tanks, should put attention to reduce the structural stress due to cryogenic temperature and to restrict the heat flux from ambient. There are two supporting systems in the tank, that one is connected between inside and outside tanks by welding, and the other is the inserted support system which is a cylindrical SUS bar inserted in a hole of the supporting plate. In this study the temperature distribution and thermal stress of the inserted support system were evaluated by using the utility program as ANSYS. The results showed that the rate of heat transfer to inner tank through this support system was quite small due to limited contact of support bar with plate. but the thermal stress of support plate was obtained beyond the limited tensile value of SUS304. The cautious design for the support plate part, therefore, should be given to make the safe support system of LNG vehicle fuel tank.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.315-321
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• 2017

A combustion chamber is designed and fabricated for studying the combustion characteristics of counterflow flames at elevated pressure and establishing the fundamental combustion database of counterflow flames. The combustion chamber design aims to allow the maximum operating pressure of 11 bar and be able to conduct flame visualization and the measurements of flame extinction limits, flame temperature and combustion emissions at elevated pressure. Preliminary tests for counterflow nonpremixed $CH_4-NH_3-N_2$/air flames at 1-3 bar have been conducted, and the results confirm the proper operation of the designed chamber.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.20-21
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• 2017

There have been reports in the media about some refineries that omit the refining process and deliver raw material for reasons of cost reduction, shortening of production time, etc. Also, in most RMC factories acceptance inspection is not conducted on account of issues with the proficiency of the equipment and cost issues; instead only scores are relied upon. Therefore this study sought to analyze the relation between the value of the density of FA actually delivered to RMC companies, attained with the Hydrometer method, and its fineness, to see whether the quality of FA can be evaluated statistically. Results led to the conclusion that there is a problem in terms of credibility in the fineness of FA shown on the test report. Upon analyzing the difference between the fineness of FA as measured using Blaine's air permeability method and its density of the Hydrometer method, the correlation was found to be satisfactory; therefore the possibility of a FA fineness quality evaluation could be proved as well.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.772-778
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• 2001

In this study, corrosion fatigue characteristics of 12Cr alloy steel were investigated in 3.5wt.% NaCl solution of 150$^{\circ}C$ and 4.5bar. Behavior of corrosion fatigue cracks was measured by the indirect compliance method and compared with the results in distilled water and in air. 1) 12Cr alloy steel was susceptible to temperature. Its susceptibility was increased as the temperature was increased. 2) The crack growth characteristics of 12Cr alloy steel in distilled water were similar to 3.5wt.% NaCl solution. 3) The temperature of solution affects to the crack growth characteristics of 12Cr alloy steel. In corrosion solutions of 4.5bar, 150$^{\circ}C$, fracture surfaces of corrosion fatigue crack growth at a/W=0.3 was showed the trans-granular fracture suface. As the crack grew up, it was changed to inter-granular type. In condition of high temperature, The crack growth behaviors of 12Cr alloy steel were remarkable.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.368-375
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• 2009

This paper describes field installation and load test results performed for three types of micropiles in the process of developing a new micropiling method. Field tests were performed for two conventional types(i.e., micropile reinforced with steel bar and gravity grouting, micropile reinforced with steel bar and steel casing and gravity grouting) and a proposed type(i.e., micropile reinforced with hollow steel pipe wrapped with geotextile-pack and pressurized grouting). The load test results subjected to axial compression and tension and lateral loading conditions are described in this paper. The micropiles were exposed in the air in order to verify the installation quality and curing condition of grouting material via ground excavation. Axial compression and tension test results indicate that the new micropile type provide at least 40% higher bearing capacity than that of conventional types. Based on the examination of exposed piles, it is induced that the proposed method, packed micropile, provides better interlocking between grouts and surrounding soils and increases higher frictional resistance comparing to conventional types.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 추계 학술발표회 제16권2호
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• pp.545-548
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• 2004

This paper is to investigate the shrinkage properties of high performance concrete (HPC) with mixture adjustment by using mock-up specimens. HPC with mixture adjustment needed a higher dosage of SP agent due to fluidity reduction and a larger dosage of AE agent due to the reduction of air content. Setting time of HPC with mixture adjustment exhibited earlier than that of control HPC by as much as 6 hours. HPC with mixture adjustment gained more than 70MPa of compressive strength. Autogenous shrinkage of Control HPC was found to be $-340\times40^{-6}$ at 49days when the expansion value by thermal effect was excluded and HPC with mixture adjustment $-175\times10^{-6}$, which was the half of the value of control HPC. Drying shrinkage of center section of HPC with mixture adjustment showed similar tendency with autogenous shrinkage because of no internal moisture movement, while surface section had larger drying shrinkage. The specimen embedded with reinforcing bar had smaller deformation caused by confinement of reinforcing bar.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.370-376
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• 2005

The single-phase induction motor is simple and durable, but the efficiency is low. Therefore, electric motors like HLDC and LSPM(line-start permanent magnet motor) that use the permanent magnet have been studied. The most advantages of single-phase LSPM is having the same stator as the stator of the single-phase induction motor and permanent magnets are just inserted in the squirrel cage rotor of the single-phase induction motor. But the characteristics of single-phase LSPM synchronous motor has very complex characteristics until the synchronization and if the design is not suitable, the single-phase LSPM synchronous motor cannot be synchronized. We designed a single-phase LSPM using the same stator and winding as the conventional single-phase induction motor, but newly designed the permanent magnets considering air gap magnetic flux density. The transient characteristics of the single-phase LSPM is not good because of a magnetic breaking torque, however, it can be improved by redesigning the rotor bars. We are proposed the design method of rotor bar for the single-phase LSPM to start softly and to make synchronization easily.