• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.520-530
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• 2021

Multivariate statistical analysis and an environmental hydrological model were applied for investigating the causes of water pollution and providing best management practices for water quality improvement in urban and agricultural watersheds. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) for water quality time series data show that chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), suspended solids (SS) and total phosphorus (T-P) are classified as non-point source pollutants that are highly correlated with river discharge. Total nitrogen (T-N), which has no correlation with river discharge and inverse relationship with water temperature, behaves like a point source with slow and consistent release. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) shows intermediate characteristics between point and non-point source pollutants. The results of the PCA and CA for the spatial water quality data indicate that the cluster 1 of the watersheds was characterized as upstream watersheds with good water quality and high proportion of forest. The cluster 3 shows however indicates the most polluted watersheds with substantial discharge of BOD and nutrients from urban sewage, agricultural and industrial activities. The cluster 2 shows intermediate characteristics between the clusters 1 and 3. The results of hydrological simulation program-Fortran (HSPF) model simulation indicated that the seasonal patterns of BOD, T-N and T-P are affected substantially by agricultural and livestock farming activities, untreated wastewater, and environmental flow. The spatial analysis on the model results indicates that the highly-populated watersheds are the prior contributors to the water quality degradation of the river.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2017

The decision-making process is the act of finding the best solution among various alternatives through comparison between various criteria based on objectives of the project, evaluation standard, and conditions. However, in practice it is not easy to simply decide the optimum decision, especially for selecting malfunctioning reservoirs because no systematic evaluation criteria or standard assessment process are available. Therefore, this study adopted AHP method, which is a MCDM (multi-criteria decision making technique) to identify the malfunctioning reservoirs for efficient management of reservoirs. Important criteria of the selection of malfunctioning reservoirs and priority weights of each criteria were determined based on results of expert's survey under a stepwise hierarchical approach. The most important factor for the decision of malfunctioning reservoirs was obtained as Reservoir efficiency among the selected criteria including Reservoir efficiency decrease, Disaster Risk, Reservoir efficiency, Available water storage, Future water demand, Resident Needs. The AHP technique was applied on 11 reservoirs in Andong region to verify its applicability. Scoring method was applied for the comparison with the results of AHP method.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.759-769
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• 2022

As the variability of recent rainfall is increasing, it is becoming important to recognize the possibility of changes in the current reservoir state in advance and to inspect the stability based on accurate evaluation standards. However, the evaluation standards for the state change factors of reservoirs are still not suitable for agricultural reservoirs and thus much improvement is needed. Therefore, in this study, the evaluation criteria for state change factors specialized for small reservoirs were categorized and standards were prepared by considering factors that may cause state changes on the dam crest, upstream slope, and downstream slope of the embankment. The categorized results were configured based on the number of mentions of the precision safety inspection report on major defects in 102 reservoirs and the defect factors found in field investigations. The findings of the study indicated that the current state change standards require many revisions for excessive or unnecessary state change factors in the reservoir. Specifically, the deletion of measurement gauges not applicable to the reservoir, the addition of defects found in the reservoir, and the scope of use of the term were proposed. The results of this study can contribute to efficient system operation and management by improving the deficiencies in the system and introducing a new state change factor.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.757-766
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• 2022

This study is to examine how well the hydrologic model reproduces the dam collapse. To do this, A hydrologic model FLO-2D is being operated to reproduce dam collapse with rainfall data and surface data in a small dam. In order to examine the performance of the model, the simulation was compared and reviewed with the data collected through the field survey. The results show that it takes about 2 hours to reach 1 km downstream. Inundation areas are about 188,640 m2 by the simulation and the difference from the field investigation is about 6.1%. Ten representative points were selected from the areas where the simulation and the field survey did not match. The discrepancy is less than about 0.08 m and does not appear to be significant. This study will present basic information on disaster preparedness operation and planning to minimize damage caused by sudden collapse of agricultural soil dams in the future.

• 식물병연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.222-228
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• 2020

과수 화상병을 일으키는 Erwinia amylovora는 국내에서 금지병원균으로 지정되어 화상병 발생 시, 중앙 정부의 진단을 근거로 기주를 매몰하는 공적 방제가 실시되고 있다. 국내 과수 화상병은 2015년 안성, 천안 및 제천의 43농가에서 발생하여 42.9 ha를 매몰한 것을 시작으로, 2019년 발생 지역이 11개 시군으로 확산되었으며, 총 348농가 260.4 ha가 매몰되었다. 배나무 화상병은 주로 경기남부와 충남에서 발생되었고, 발생 건수가 연평균 29±9.2건으로 매년 비교적 고르게 발생되었으며 20-30년생 과수에서 발병 비율이 가장 높았다. 반면, 사과나무 화상병은 주로 경기북부, 강원, 충북에서 발생되었고, 발생 건수가 연평균 41±57.6건으로 2018-2019년 발생건수가 크게 증가하였으며, 20년 이하의 과수의 발병 비율이 높았다. 국내 과수 화상병은 어린 사과나무에서 병의 확산이 빠르므로, 특히 미성숙 과수가 식재된 과원에서는 화상병이 발병하지 않도록 약제를 적기에 살포하는 등 예방을 철저히 하고, 발병 시 신속히 방제해야 한다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2021

Despite the practical limitations of calculating the amount of inflow and supply related to the operation of agricultural reservoirs, the role of agricultural reservoirs is gradually being emphasized. In particular, as interest in disaster safety has increased, the demand for preliminary measures to prepare for disasters has been rising, for instance, pre-discharging agricultural reservoirs for flood control. The aim of this study is to analyze the plans for the flood season reservoir operation considering pre-discharge period and water level limit. Accordingly, we optimized the simulation of daily storage using the ratio correction factor (RCFs) and analyzed the amount of inflow and supply using K-HAS. In addition we developed the drought determination coefficient (k) as a indicator of water availability and applied it for supplementing the risk level criteria in the Drought Crisis Response Manual. The results showed that it would be difficult to set the water level limit during the flood period in the situation of little water supply for flood control in agricultural reservoirs. Therefore, it is necessary to operate the reservoir management regulations after measures such as securing additional storage water are established in the future.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3653-3661
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• 2013

Along with rapid economic growth and enhanced agricultural productivity, particulate matter emissions in the northern cities of Thailand have been increasing for the past two decades. This trend is expected to continue in the coming decade. Emissions of particulate matter have brought about a series of public health concerns, particularly chronic respiratory diseases. It is well known that lung cancer incidence among northern Thai women is one of the highest in Asia (an annual age-adjusted incidence rate of 37.4 per 100,000). This fact has aroused serious concern among the public and the government and has drawn much attention and interest from the scientific community. To investigate the potential causes of this relatively high lung cancer incidence, this study employed Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) transmission spectroscopy to identify the chemical composition of the $PM_{2.5}$ collected using Quartz Fibre Filters (QFFs) coupled with MiniVol$^{TM}$ portable air samplers (Airmetrics). $PM_{2.5}$ samples collected in nine administrative provinces in northern Thailand before and after the "Haze Episode" in 2013 were categorised based on three-dimensional plots of a principal component analysis (PCA) with Varimax rotation. In addition, the incremental lifetime exposure to $PM_{2.5}$ of both genders was calculated, and the first derivative of the FTIR spectrum of individual samples is here discussed.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2014년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.295-298
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• 2014

2000년 이후 한국에서 기후변화(아열대성 및 잦은 이상기온) 및 농축산물 수입개방에 따른 국내 고병원성AI, 구제역, 가축질병 5회 발생으로 3조8천억원 피해와 기유입 확산되는 재선충의 10여년간 공적 방제비 2천383억원이 투입되었다. 또한 유입 가능성이 높은 흰개미 등의 외래식물해충으로 국가의 경제 사회적 피해와 영향이 증가되는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 FTA확대에 따른 농식물로 인한 국가경제피해에 대한 대응 가능한 농업 농촌분야에 사물(IoT) 기반의 국가재난형 동 식물위성조기경보체계 운용전략에 대한 연구와 정책 수립을 연구한다. 또한 국가적 재난의 피해발생과 책임소재에 대한 정부의 피해보상 및 법 제도적인 책임 수행의 사전 증거자료 수집과 사후 보상 근거로서의 포렌식 기술이 포함된 정책이 적용되는 방법을 연구한다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2019

This study attempted to study the soil erosion dynamic in the Bagmati Basin of Nepal. In this study, an inclusive methodology that combines Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and GIS techniques was adopted to determine the distribution of soil loss in the study basin. As well, this study attempts to study the intensity of soil erosion in the seven different land use patterns in the Bagmati Basin. Soil loss is an associated phenomenon of hydrologic cycle and this dynamic phenomenon possesses threats to sustainability of basin hydrology, agriculture system, hydraulic structures in operation and overall ecosystem in a long run. Soil conservation works, and various planning and design of watersheds works demands quantification of soil loss. The results of the study in Bagmati Basin shows the total annual soil loss in the basin is 22.93 million tons with an average rate of 75.83T/ha/yr. The computed soil loss risk was divided into five classes from tolerable to severe and the spatial pattern was mapped for easy interpretation. Also, evaluation of soil loss in different land use categories shows barren area has highest rate of soil loss followed by agriculture area. This is a preliminary work and provides erosion risk scenario in the basin. The study can be further used for strategic planning of land use and hydrologic conservation works in a basin.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.403-417
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• 2014

기상이변의 증가추세는 인류가 직면한 기후변화의 또 다른 속성이며 농업부문에서는 이미 심각한 재해로 이어지고 있다. 기상이변은 다양한 공간규모에 걸쳐 일어나지만 그 영향을 완화시킬 처방은 국지적인 규모에서만 가능하다. 따라서 기후변화 대응을 위한 조기경보체계는 반드시 '위치와 장소'를 기반으로 그곳의 영농정보를 바탕으로 할 때만 효율적이다. 기존 조기경보체계는 다양한 영농현장에 대한 구체적 위험을 알려주지 못하며, 농가의 개별적 상황이 대응조치에 반영되지 못하고, 악기상의 장기 누적효과에 의해 발생하는 '지발재해'나 둘 이상의 기상요소가 동시에 작용하는 '복합재해'에 대한 고려가 없다. 본 강좌에서는 선행연구들에 의해 확보된 '농가맞춤형 기상위험 관리기술'을 토대로, 필지단위 국지기상조건을 재배중인 작물의 종류와 발육단계에 맞춘 '재해위험지수'로 정량화하고, 이를 평년기준과 비교하여 재해발생 가능성을 판단하며, 적절한 대응방안과 함께 재배농가에게 일대일로 전달하는 '맞춤형 농업기상서비스' 구축에 관하여 논의한다. 이 서비스를 현업화하기 위한 1단계 4년의 조기경보체계 실증연구가 2014년에 시작되었고, 2017년까지는 남한 21개 대권역 가운데 하나인 유역면적 $4,914km^2$에 60,202호의 농가로 이루어진 섬진강권역을 대상으로 현업서비스를 구축하게 된다. 연구수행과정에서 얻어지는 경험은 2단계 전국 대상 사업으로 확대되어 기후변화와 기상이변 증가에 따른 농업부문 재해위험을 개별농가 차원에서 실질적으로 경감시키는 데 기여할 것이다. 금세기 농업분야 최대의 도전인 기후변화를 슬기롭게 극복하기 위해 '기후스마트농업'이 학계의 대안으로 자리 잡았지만, 국내 성공의 전제조건으로서 농업기상 조기경보체계의 지속적인 개발과 이를 토대로 한 맞춤형 농업기상서비스의 전국 확대가 필요하다.