• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2022

The study is aimed to investigate the features and socio-economic background of farmland consolidation project with medium-sized paddy plot at irrigation associations during the Japanese colonial period in Korea. Most of farmland consolidation works in the 1940s was composed of independent irrigation and drainage ditches along the short side of field plot. However, the number of farm roads at farmland consolidation zone was much smaller than number of irrigation ditches to decrease reduction in farmland area. The standard field plot was medium-sized (about 20-40 ares) in Korea but small-sized (about 10 ares) in Japan in this period. As the result of farmland consolidation works, the unit water requirement was increased to 0.0035 m³/s/ha, and the unit area drainage discharge was over 2.0 m³/s/km² in many cases. The farmland consolidation with medium-sized plot have been spread under the colonial landlord system, where major landlords occupied a large share of farmland and managed corporate farming to gain more benefit. The reasons for spread of farmland consolidation with medium-sized plot may be as follows: high net profit ratio, an increase in land price, and labor savings in rice farming. The farmland consolidation with medium-sized plot in the colonial period showed intermediate features between the farm consolidation with small-sized plot for an increase in land productivity in Japan and the farm consolidation with medium-sized plot for an increase in labor productivity after the 1960s.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.367-372
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• 2010

Consumption of pepper, a major spice vegetable used for seasoning Kimchi, continues to increase, but cultivation is in decline due to shortage of rural labor in Korea. The 39.2% of total labor requirement for conventional pepper cultivation was available for harvesting work. Therefore conventional manual harvesting should be turned to mechanical harvesting for labor-saving, cost-reducing and easy work. Surveys on conventional pepper cultivation patterns, labor requirements for various pepper cultivation works, and farmers' opinions on the mechanization of pepper harvesting were conducted to obtain basic informations. The labor requirement for pepper harvesting was 954 h/ha out of a total labor requirement of 2,436 h/ha for pepper cultivation. Harvesting was the hardest work, and hiring workmen for harvesting was also difficult. Farmers preferred to develop a small-scale pepper harvester using agricultural tractor or cultivar. Most farmer agreed to change cultivation pattern for mechanization of pepper harvesting, but hesitated to adopt new one-time-harvesting pepper varieties.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.422-428
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• 1996

This study was conducted to developed to develop a simple battery-powered autonomous vehicle for greenhouse works. A steering method using speed difference of two independent driving motors was adopted. DC motor driving circuit, speed control circuit and controller using one-chip microcomputer were constructed. The inputs of controller are rolling of the vehicle and current speed of driving motors. Using these signals, automatic guidance system along furrow was developed. A computer simulation program by the kenematic analysis was developed to find out optimal control algorithm. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Automatic guidance system along the furrow that adopted two independent driving motors and rolling of vehicle was developed. 2. The results of simulation showed that PID control was adequate to automatic guidance system along furrow. 3. Two commercial 12V battery serially connected were able to drive the vehicle on the soil ground for five hours in continuous operation and for four hours in intermittent operation without recharging the battery. 4. The speed range was 0-0.7m/s and the rolling of vehicle could be controlled within $pm5^{\circ}$ range. 5. From a series of tests, developed vehicle was found to be a useful tool for greenhouse works.

• 기술사
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2012

농업기반시설인 저수지의 효율적 관리를 위하여는 관리주체의 일원화, 전문가 집단에 의한 과학적 관리를 위한 인력양성 및 배치를 통한 선량한 관리체계 확립이 필요하고, 정기적 정밀안전 진단 결과에 의한 보수보강이 이루어지도록 관리체계의 시스템화가 요망된다. 특히 정기적인 정밀점검 및 정밀안전진단을 실시하여 시설물의 기능성, 안전성 등을 점검 또는 진단하고 그 결과에 따라 변화된 자연환경에 걸맞는 시설기준을 충족시킬 수 있는 적절한 보수 보강방안을 실시하도록 지속적인 예산지원은 물론 관리주체의 선량한 관리의식이 요망된다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.65-84
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• 2002

This study has main purpose to understand and interpret the house Nok-U-dang, an upper class built in Chosun dynasty, not by outsider researcher's view but insider dweller's view. To interpret correctly, dweller's everyday life in the space and form is examined on a microscale beyond the physical space and form of the house, main object of architectural history To understand the present form exactly, the study restore traditional life in past era, 1940s. Main method of restoration is the ethnographic interview, based on cultural anthropology. Like any other upper-class house, the house has been influenced under ruling Confucian ideology in Chosun dynasty: separation of man's and woman's quarters and hierachical arrangement by generation, and worshipping ceremony for ancestor. However, it is by practical management for agricultural production that every court and building of the Noku-Dang can be explained correctly; preparing seed for sowing, tool storing, preparing and serving meal for laborers, making manure, harvesting, threshing grain, storing grain and so on. Precedent studies interpreted the house by the Confucian principle too much and made conclusion of dignity and austerity of ritual: woman's quarter, is closed and serene space. However this study shows that the space is semi-opened and composite space by agricultural works. And the Sarangchae, master's quarter, is located properly at visual center to control every agricultural activity.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2010

Grape weeding work requires Ergonomics improvement, because it performs motion likely to cause Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) repeatedly and continuously. The object of this study was to reject workload in Grape weeding works raised MSDs with the Moving Rail-chair and Electromotive Scissors. As objective method of analysis, we used heart rate, EMG, RULA, REBA. As subjective method of analysis, we used questionnaire that indicate lethargy area of body, pain of muscle and bone. As a result, working with Moving Rail-Chair and Electromotive Scissors is lower heart rate and EMG than typical working. Also for the subjective evaluation, reducing of neck and shoulder movement makes improve workload.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.289-293
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• 2000

The way society works in the 21st century differs from that of 20th century, since the people are brought-up to speed regarding current technologies. The www.aflos.pe.kr site and direct e-mailing system were very useful in delivering floricultural information to extension educators, producers, and variety of individuals. The author’s one year experience indicated that extension educators and farmers are receptive to internet technologies, and extension educators have increased the knowledge base of their clientele by responding through direct e-mails. The internet and direct e-mailing systems were popular and powerful way of transferring floricultural information, especially agricultural extension manpower were limited because of localization of extension educators by changing national status to local governments and decreased number of extension educators through government restructuring. The direct e-mailing to approximately 503 individuals resulted about $1{\sim}3%$ responses and the number of phone calls, however virus protection software for e-mail, internet, file servers and desktops to provide the integrated real-time detection of viruses were needed. For more effective operation of direct e-mailing in the future, more specified target groups and specialized organization such as perennials, bulbs, flowering potted plants. and cut flowers. At the same time, things that have worked for last century should not be replaced with new technology, specifically, the value in one-on-one meetings should not be replaced, but rather serve as a supplement.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2000

This study was conducted to recognize a possibility that cone index can be used as a means of evaluating the tillage workability. Cone indexes were measured every 24 hours after rainfall at the experimental plots, and the rotary and plowing operations were conducted at the same time. The workability was evaluated on a basis of three categories of good, fair and poor depending on the quality of the performed works. Although the workability was affected by many factors such as soil type, moisture content ground slope and weather condition, the duration and amount of rainfall were of most influence. Results of the study showed that a good workability was resulted from the cone indexes greater than an average of 552 kPa for rotary operations and 671 kPa for plowing operations. Fair work was obtained with cone indexes greater than an average of 331 kPa for rotary operations and 459 kPa for plowing operations. The cone indexes less than an average of 171 kPa and 149 kPa resulted in poor workabilities for rotary and plowing operations, respectively. The experimental results may provide a general guideline for evaluating the tillage workability by cone index.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2015

Development of highly efficient and energy-saving tractors has been one of the issues in agricultural machinery. For design of such tractors, measurement and analysis of load on major power transmission parts of the tractors are the most important pre-requisite tasks. Objective of this study was to perform pre-processing procedures before effective analysis of load data of agricultural tractors (30, 75, and 82 kW) during major field operations such as plow tillage, rotary tillage, baling, bale wrapping, and to select the suitable pre-processing method for the analysis. A load measurement systems, equipped in the tractors, were consisted of strain-gauge, encoder, hydraulic pressure, and radar speed sensors to measure torque and rotational speed levels of transmission input shaft, PTO shaft, and driving axle shafts, pressure of the hydraulic inlet line, and travel speed, respectively. The entire sensor data were collected at a 200-Hz rate. Plow tillage, rotary tillage, baling, wrapping, and loader operations were selected as major field operations of agricultural tractors. Same or different farm works and driving levels were set differently for each of the load measuring experiment. Before load data analysis, pre-processing procedures such as outlier removal, low-pass filtering, and data division were performed. Data beyond the scope of the measuring range of the sensors and the operating range of the power transmission parts were removed. Considering engine and PTO rotational speeds, frequency components greater than 90, 60, and 60 Hz cut off frequencies were low-pass filtered for plow tillage, rotary tillage, and baler operations, respectively. Measured load data were divided into five parts: driving, working, implement up, implement down, and turning. Results of the study would provide useful information for load characteristics of tractors on major field operations.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.161-172
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• 2024

For sustainable development, better performance, and less gas pollution during rumen fermentation, there is a need to find a green and safe feed additive for ruminants. Cysteamine (CS) is a biological compound naturally produced in mammalian cells. It is widely used as a growth promoter in ruminants because of its ability to control hormone secretions. It mainly controls the circulating concentration of somatostatin and enhances growth hormone production, leading to improved growth performance. CS modulates the rumen fermentation process in a way beneficial for the animals and environment, leading to less methane production and nutrients loss. Another beneficial effect of using CS is that it improves the availability of nutrients to the animals and enhances their absorption. CS also works as an antioxidant and protects the cells from oxidative damage. In addition, CS has no adverse effects on bacterial and fungal alpha diversity in ruminants. Dietary supplementation of CS enhances the population of beneficial microorganisms. Still, no data is available on the use of CS on reproductive performance in ruminants, so there is a need to evaluate the effects of using CS in breeding animals for an extended period. In this review, the action mode of CS was updated according to recently published data to highlight the beneficial effects of using CS in ruminants.