• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 추계국제학술대회
• /
• pp.49-53
• /
• 2003

Through the five years analysis of monitoring data on pesticide residues from 1998 to 2002, current status on pesticide residues on commercial agricultural products in Seoul area was evaluated. The rate of over maximum residue limits(MRLs) has been decreased into 5.8% in 1998, 2.5% in 1999, 1.6% in 2000, 1.4% in 2001, and 1.5% in 2002 gradually, where as total sample numbers analyzed increased 1,300 in 1998, 4,200 in 1999, 5740 in 2000, 6,160 in 2001, and 5,440 in 2002 annually, The pesticide which frequently detected in samples were endosulfan, procymidone, chlorotalonil, vinclozolin, and chlorpyriphos and pesticide found over MRLs were procymidone, vinclozolin, endosulfan and etc.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.121-132
• /
• 1992

농산물은 모든 인간이 섭취해야하는 식품이기 때문에 안정적인 생산공급과 안전성을 확보하는 일은 그 무엇보다도 중요하다. 안정적인 생산공급을 위해서는 천재지변을 제외하면 병해충의 방제가 가장 중요한 과제이며 농약은 병해충 방제에 가장 확실하고 최종적인 수단이 되고 있다. 따라서 병해충 방제에 사용된 농약이 농산물 중에 잔류되어 우리에게 피해를 줄 수도 있으므로 이에 대해 대책마련에 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 우리 나라는 농산물 중 농약의 잔류허용기준 (MRL)을 선정하여 고시하고 이를 법적으로 규제하고 있으며 또한 농산물의 생산단계에서 안전성을 확보하기 위해서 농약의 안전사용기준을 설정하여 이를 준수하도록 의무화하고 있다. 한편 신규 농약의 등록 시에는 안전성에 관련된 모든 자료를 면밀히 검토하여 안전성이 확보된 농약만을 고시하고 있으며 사용중인 농약이라고 위해성이 문제 될 때는 단계적인 시험조사와 자료검토를 통하여 규제의 범위를 결정하고 있다. 최근에 조사한 국내 생산 농산물 중의 농약잔류량은 MRL을 초과하는 것이 없으며 이들을 식품으로 했을 때의 농약 섭취량도 개개의 농약은 물론 잔류농약 전체를 합하여도 ADI에 휠씬 못미치고 있어 안전성이 높은 것으로 평가된다. 금후에도 안전한 농산물을 생산 공급하기 위해서 생산자인 농민이 농약안전사용기준을 철저히 준수하여 농약을 사용하는 것이 무엇보다도 중요하며 농약잔류량의 체계적인 조사연구가 계속 확대 추진되어야 할 것이다.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.154-163
• /
• 2013

국내 신규 제초제로 등록된 pyrimisulfan에 대해 농산물 중 잔류실태를 조사하기 위하여 LC-MS/MS를 이용한 시험법을 개발하였다. Pyrimisulfan 시험법의 회수율은 현미, 감자, 감귤, 고추에서 0.005 mg/kg 수준에서 88.7~99.3%이고 0.05 mg/kg수준에서 각각 90.1~94.2%였다. 회수율에 대한 모든 분석오차는 10% 미만으로 Codex 잔류물질 분석 가이드라인에 만족하였다.16 분석을 위한 기기 조건에서 pyrimisulfan의 정량한계는 0.005 mg/kg이었으며 0.01~1.0 mg/kg 범위에서 상관계수(R) 0.999 이상의 높은 직선성을 보여주었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 잔류농약 시험법은 농산물을 대상으로 효과적인 시료 전처리 방법과 최적의 정제 과정을 확립하여 다양한 농산물에 대한 잔류량 검출이 적당함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같이 확립한 pyrimisulfan의 잔류시험법은 국제적 분석 기준을 만족할 뿐만 아니라 분석과정의 신뢰성 또한 확보할 수 있어서 본 잔류농약 시험법은 공정시험법으로 사용 될 것이다.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.147-163
• /
• 1994

Agricultural extension programs in Korea had focused mainly on increased production, and the biggest pride of extension was the achievement of rice self-sufficency in 1970s and abundant vegetable and animal production in 1980s. Farming in Korea has changed rapidly in recent years and extension system on commercialized crops have not been satisfactorily developed to mete farmers` demands. Facing the emerging challenges of international competition and trade liberalization for agricultural commodities, the goals of extension should be focused on increased income and the welfare of coral communities. The transfering of agricultural extension educator from central government jobs to local ones has emerged recently under the trends of localization which resulted unstable job environment of extension educator. Intensive pre-service and in-service training of extension workers on current and advanced techologies are essential to upgrade the quality of extension services, and the future directions for professional development of agricultural extension educators in Korea were suggested as follows: 1. Establishing a national network on agricultural extension system to promote exchanges of information among counties and provinces, to conduct meetings and to publish information on agricultural extension. 2. Determining the implications of recent national and global trends on agricultural extension, and strenthening communication at local, national and international levels for an effective extension system in the era of localization, internationalization and globalization; 3. Recognizing the effect of number and quality of extension staff on the impact of extension and providing opportunities development and advancement of extension personnel through education, training, incentives and rewards; 4. Giving a higher priority to agricultural extension in national policies in order to ensure the adequacy of budgetary support and recognition of importance of extension by the ministries concerned and mass communications.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.396-407
• /
• 2016

Background: Although hyperspectral imaging was originally introduced for military, remote sensing, and astrophysics applications, the use of analytical hyperspectral imaging techniques has been expanded to include monitoring of agricultural crops and commodities due to the broad range and highly specific and sensitive spectral information that can be acquired. Combining hyperspectral imaging with remote sensing expands the range of targets that can be analyzed. Results: Hyperspectral imaging technology can rapidly provide data suitable for monitoring a wide range of plant conditions such as plant stress, nitrogen status, infections, maturity index, and weed discrimination very rapidly, and its use in remote sensing allows for fast spatial coverage. Conclusions: This paper reviews current research on and potential applications of hyperspectral imaging and remote sensing for outdoor field monitoring of agricultural crops. The instrumentation and the fundamental concepts and approaches of hyperspectral imaging and remote sensing for agriculture are presented, along with more recent developments in agricultural monitoring applications. Also discussed are the challenges and limitations of outdoor applications of hyperspectral imaging technology such as illumination conditions and variations due to leaf and plant orientation.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 현행 식품공전상 개별 분석법이 설정되어 있지 않은 cymoxanil의 식품 및 농산물의 안전한 관리를 위하여 현미, 대두, 고추, 감귤, 감자를 대표 농산물로 선정하여, cymoxanil에 대한 공정 개별 분석법을 확립하고자 수행되었다. 대표 농산물 시료 중 함유된 cymoxanil은 acetonitrile을 가하여 추출한 후, dichloromethane으로 액-액 분배하였으며, dichloromethane/acetone (60/40, v/v) 혼합액을 이용하여 silica gel 흡착크로마토그래피법으로 정제한 후 HPLC로 분석하였다. Cymoxanil의 검출한계(LOD)는 1 ng이었고, 정량한계(LOQ)는 $0.02mgkg^{-1}$이었다. 무처리 시료에 cymoxanil 표준용액을 3 수준(LOQ: $0.02mgkg^{-1}$, $10{\times}LOQ$: $0.2mgkg^{-1}$, $50{\times}LOQ$: $1.0mgkg^{-1}$)으로 처리하여, 3 반복으로 실험한 결과 회수율은 79.6~107.6%이었으며, 반복 간 분석오차(CV)는 10% 미만이었다. LC/MS를 이용한 잔류분의 재확인 결과와 회수율 결과를 통해 분석과정의 편이성 및 신뢰성이 확보된 공정 분석법으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.58-65
• /
• 2003

An understanding of the cooling requirements of horticultural commodities begins with adequate knowledge of their biological responses. All fresh horticultural products are living organisms, carrying on the many biological processes that are essential to the maintenance of life. The pre-cooling is essential technique for the construction of cold chain system, which is necessary to maintain marketing quality of fresh produces during the transportation and distribution. The purpose of this study is to develop the pressure cooling tunnel using conveyer for the reduction of labor and improvement of pre-cooling efficiency. Performance of developed facility was tested for the strawberries, tomatoes and Chinese cabbages. Cooling ratio as a result of pre-cooling efficiency was 1.57, 1.56 and 1.32 for strawberries, tomatoes, and Chinese cabbages respectively. Cooling ratio decreased with increasing the distance of heat conduction from surface to center. The cooling ratio of Chinese cabbages was lower than that of fruit because of its head and leaf. In aspect of cooling uniformity, there was no significant difference of final temperature among inlet, outlet and middle layers of cold air in fresh produces. After pre-cooling treatment, quality changes were measured for the weight loss, Vit. C content, and titratable acidity. The quality of pre-cooling treatment was better than that of non-treatment and was kept on well during long-term storage.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.325-353
• /
• 2018

Agricultural systems in South Asian countries are dominated by smallholder farmers. Additionally, these farmers have limited access to pre- and post-harvest technologies due to their high initial cost. The lack of these technologies in postharvest handling is responsible for 20% to 44% of fruit and vegetable losses. These high losses are largely the result of a generally weak basic postharvest infrastructure for the preservation of products, which avoids damage from improper handling, transportation, packaging, and storage. High postharvest losses of products negatively affect food availability, food security, and nutrition, as the producer is able to sell less of the farm yield and the net availability of these food commodities for consumption is reduced. An underlying cause of these postharvest losses is the limited awareness and knowledge bases of stakeholders (researchers, farmers, governments, non-governmental organizations, and merchants) in the traditional supply chains in which these losses occur. The analysis presented in this paper explores the state of postharvest practice in South Asian countries and discusses options for low-cost postharvest technologies in the region that can support small-scale farmers and provide a viable pathway for supply to the market, joining with modern value chains and bringing about individual and regional reduction in postharvest losses of fruits and vegetables. The improvement of basic and simple low-cost technologies through precise research efforts has the potential to prevent such huge losses of products, and help meet the ever-increasing demand for food in South Asian countries.

• 무역상무연구
• /
• 제75권
• /
• pp.179-198
• /
• 2017

Recently, agricultural exports of Korea have steadily increased. But, no progress is being made at the WTO and DDA negotiations, the FTAs have played a leading role in the formulation of the international trade rules, and countries have been cleverly utilizing non-tariff barriers such as SPS and TBT, there is a growing need to respond to non-tariff barriers aggressively. On the other hand, since the FTA has the potential to activate the global value chain, there is a high need for exporting companies in the domestic agricultural sector to understand the structure of the global value chain in agriculture and actively utilize the global value chain. The non-tariff measures of agricultural commodities major trading partners in the field of domestic agricultural exports were mostly comprised of SPS measures and TBT measures. The non-tariff measures corresponding to inputs and production stages of value chain elements (seeds, seedlings) in the value chain were mainly reported in SPS measures. TBT measures are mainly carried out in selective packaging, storage, processing, distribution, and export sales. It is most important for agricultural export companies to know their position on the value chain and information on non-tariff measures of importing countries in order to actively utilize the global value chain. Since there are non-tariff barriers that are difficult to be solved at the individual enterprise level, active government support of the government is not only important but also actively promoting relevant information to farmers and agricultural exporters. In addition, potential export farmers and prospective export companies will be able to identify TBT and SPS and other non-tariff barriers well in advance, and respond to them in advance. Also, through networking with export related organizations and overseas buyers, It is very important that policy support from the perspective of global value chain is linked effectively.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1998

Rural communities have been isolated from social and economic changes underway in the broader society. Trends towed an urbanized society have depopulated many rural areas (Flora, et al, 1992). The South Korean government has targeted efforts toward an urban centered economic development policy, which has neglected the rural areas. The South Korean government also has indoctrinated rural community development with a quick-fix approach. Self-directed economic organizations based in rural South Korea began to emerge in the late 1980s. Since the 1980s, South Korean agricultural sectors have been overshadowed by globalism. McMichael (1996) stated that rural communities have two options. A immunity should either End its niche (i.e. the commodities or products that can have advantages in the international trade market) or protest against globalism to survive if rural communities fail to find a niche under globalism. South Korean neat communities did not have enough natural resources nor enough money to invest for their rural community economic development programs. These limitations made it difficult for South Korean coral communities to compete in a global economic environment. Israel, Coleman, and Ilvento (1993) stated that local leadership is a critical component in the ability of communities to respond to lang-standing problems and emerging needs. Swinth and Alexander (1990) asserted that rural leaders are critical actors in rural community development. Whether rural communities succeed in finding their niche or not, the role of rural community leaders is important for rural communities to find ways to cope in the international agriculture market.