• 보건행정학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.289-300
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• 2013

Background: Patients' trust in their physicians or hospitals is important to guarantee the effectiveness of care and to encourage revisits. This study aimed to identify the relationship between the experience of requesting verification of healthcare benefit coverage via the Health Insurance Review Agency (HIRA) and patients' trust in their physicians or hospitals. Methods: For this population-based study, 800 adult respondents aged 20 to 65 years were recruited using random sampling and telephone surveys. Respondents were divided into two groups: 1) 400 people had experience in requesting the HIRA verification service for the purpose of confirmation of whether the costs they paid were appropriate among metropolitan habitants, and 2) 400 people comprised members of the public who had no experience requesting the verification service. Results: Experience with requesting verification services was likely to lower the patients' trust in medical institutions, but not in their physicians (p<0.05). In addition, patients who were satisfied with their physicians and hospitals were more likely to trust the physicians and hospitals than dissatisfied patients. Conclusion: Patients' trust might be an important factor influencing hospital success. Patients' trust in medical suppliers, such as physicians and hospitals, encourages a positive relationship between medical suppliers and patients. Therefore, medical suppliers must provide appropriate care to patients to improve patients' trust in them.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.346-356
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• 2004

14 Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) in Korea use a remote monitoring system (RMS), which have been used in Korea since 1998. A Memorandum of Understanding on Remote Monitoring, based on Enhanced Cooperation on PWRs, was signed at the 10th Safeguards Review Meeting in October 2001 between the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and Ministry Of Science and Technology (MOST). Thereafter, all PWR power plants applied for remote monitoring systems. However, the existing method is high cost (involving expensive telephone costs). So, it was eventually applied to an Internet system for Remote Monitoring. According to the Internet-based Virtual Private Network (VPN) applied to Remote Monitoring, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) came to an agreement with the IAEA, using a Member State Support Program (MSSP). Phase I is a Lab test. Phase II is to apply it to a target power plant. Phase III is to apply it to all the power plants. This paper reports on the penetration testing of Phase I. Phase I involved both domestic testing and international testing. The target of the testing consisted of a Surveillance Digital Integrated System (SDIS) Server, IAEA Server and TCNC (Technology Center for Nuclear Control) Server. In each system, Virtual Private Network (VPN) system hardware was installed. The penetration of the three systems and the three VPNs was tested. The domestic test involved two hacking scenarios: hacking from the outside and hacking from the inside. The international test involved one scenario from the outside. The results of tests demonstrated that the VPN hardware provided a good defense against hacking. We verified that there was no invasion of the system (SDIS Server and VPN; TCNC Server and VPN; and IAEA Server and VPN) via penetration testing.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2013

Background: Occupational accidents are unplanned events that cause damage. The socio-economic impacts and human costs of accidents are tremendous around the world. Many fatalities happen every year in workplaces such as electricity distribution companies. Some electrical injuries are electrocution, electric shock, and burns. This study was conducted in an electricity distribution company (with rotational 12-hour shift work) in Iran during an 8-year period to survey descriptive factors of injuries. Methods: Variables collected included accident time, age of injured worker, employment type, work experience, injury cause, educational background, and other information about accidents. Results: Results indicated that most of the accidents occurred in summer, and 51.3% were during shift work. Worker negligence (malpractice) was the cause of 75% of deaths. Type of employment had a significant relationship with type of injuries (p < 0.05). Most injuries were electrical burns. Conclusion: High rate of accidents in summer may be due to the warm weather or insufficient professional skills in seasonal workers. Shift workers are at risk of sleep complaints leading to a high rate of work injuries. Acquiring knowledge about safety was related to job experiences. Temporary workers have no chance to work all year like permanent workers, therefore impressive experiences may be less in them. Because the lack of protective equipment and negligence are main causes of accidents, periodical inspections in workshops are necessary.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2015

Currently, abundant wastes from the palm oil refining process have been generated which are hard to handle. Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) is the solid waste from this process and leads the cost of elimination to the company. This study aims to utilize the SBE as the alternative material in the non-fired wall tiles. The main raw materials used in non-fired wall tiles consist of laterite soil, fluvial sand, and Portland cement. The experimental formulas have been conducted and divided into 3 groups by varying the percentage of the SBE in main raw materials. The specimens of material mixture have been produced by uniaxial pressing at 100 bars, dimensions in $50{\times}100{\times}8mm$. These specimens are sprayed with water and cured in the air for 7 days. After that, bending strength and water absorption test of these specimens has been performed. It can be concluded that the best formula with the percentage of laterite soil, fluvial sand, Portland cement, and SBE are 60.94%, 13.125%, 22.5%, and 3.435%, respectively. Its bending strength and %water absorption are 0.68 MPa and 5.64%. Material costs of specimen are approximately $0.00276 USD/100g. Furthermore, the comparison of curing period between 7 days and 30 days has been performed. The 30 days of curing period can improve the bending strength of the specimen, but there is no effect on water absorption.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2020

위성통신 시스템에서 모뎀의 성능을 시험하는 경우가 종종 발생한다. 하지만 일반적으로 위성단말 수신기는 높은 신호 대 잡음비(Signal to Noise Ratio, SNR)을 확보되도록 설계되어 있어서 시스템 단위에서의 모뎀 성능을 확인하기 위해서는 인위적인 악조건을 조성해야 한다. 대표적인 방법으로는 위성 중계기의 출력을 조절하거나 잡음 발생 계측기를 이용하는 것이지만, 현실적으로 이는 비용과 시간, 절차가 많이 소요된다. 이를 극복하기 위해 본 논문에서는 효율적인 위성단말 수신기의 잡음 레벨을 인위적으로 발생하여 SNR을 조절하는 방법을 제안한다. 우선, 일반적인 헤테로다인 위성단말 수신기의 SNR을 계산하였고, 수식에 기초하여 저잡음 증폭장치 앞 단에 가변 감쇠기를 추가한 모델을 제시하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 가변 감쇠기가 추가된 위성단말 수신기에서는 인위적으로 잡음이 발생되었으며, 이를 통해 위성통신 시스템에서 모뎀 성능 시험이 가능하다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 서비스연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2012

기업의 데이터베이스 규모는 계속 증가되고 있는 추세이다. 이런 대량의 데이터베이스에서 유용한 정보를 얻는 데이터마이닝은 다양한 예측기법이나 차이점의 분석을 통하여 매출의 증대나, 비용 절감 등의 효과를 줄 수 있다. 분석방법에는 정보의 다양한 분류기법 또한 다양한 각도나 영역의 관점을 통하여 분석할 수 있다. 연관규칙과 패턴의 분석은 대량의 데이터베이스에서 유용한 정보를 효과적으로 분석할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 쇼핑몰의 상품을 데이터마이닝 분석 기법중의 하나인 연관규칙을 활용하여 분석하였다. 이를 통하여 기존상품 분류 및 분석에 따른 고객의 구매패턴을 분석하고, 전략적 마케팅 수립을 통해 접근할 수 있는 데이터마이닝 분석에 관한 사례를 연구하였다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2019

Nowadays, as the availability of tiny, low-cost microcomputer increases at a high level, mobile robots are experiencing remarkable enhancements in hardware design, software performance, and connectivity advancements. In order to control Turtlebot 2, several algorithms have been developed using the Robot Operating System(ROS). However, ROS requires to be run on a high-cost computer which increases the hardware cost and the power consumption to the robot. Therefore, design an algorithm based on low-cost hardware is the most innovative way to reduce the unnecessary costs of the hardware, to increase the performance, and to decrease the power consumed by the computer on the robot. In this paper, we present a path-finding algorithm for TurtleBot 2 based on low-cost hardware. We implemented the algorithm using Raspberry pi, Windows 10 IoT core, and RPLIDAR A2. Firstly, we used Raspberry pi as the alternative to the computer employed to handle ROS and to control the robot. Raspberry pi has the advantages of reducing the hardware cost and the energy consumed by the computer on the robot. Secondly, using RPLIDAR A2 and Windows 10 IoT core which is running on Raspberry pi, we implemented the path-finding algorithm which allows TurtleBot 2 to navigate from the starting point to the destination using the map of the area. In addition, we used C# and Universal Windows Platform to implement the proposed algorithm.

• 정보화정책
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.77-98
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• 2014

최근 저출산 노령화 등의 사회 현상으로 출산 및 육아 등에 대한 관심이 대두되고 있다. 특히 유아 교육에 대해 정부 및 기업, 가정 등의 이해관계자들은 제도의 개선을 위한 노력을 하고 있다. 유아 교육 지원체계 기반 강화를 위한 유아교육기관의 종합정보시스템 구축은 유아교육 업무의 효율화 및 교육 서비스의 질적 개선이 될 것으로 전망하지만 정부 차원의 목표 설정에 비하여 향후 시스템 도입 이후 실질적으로 사용할 유치원 교원의 인식에는 인식의 차이가 존재한다. 본 연구는 유아교육기관의 종합정보시스템 도입 전 사용자 저항에 미치는 요인에 대해 확인 하였다. 연구 결과로 예상되는 성과, 사회적 영향, 예상되는 노력, 심리적 비용이 사용자 저항에 영향을 미치는 변수로 제시되었다. 또한 사용자 특성 변수 중 근무기관 유형과 컴퓨터 활용 능력 정도에 따라 예상되는 노력과의 관계에서 사용자 저항에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 본 연구는 유아교육 시스템의 실제 사용자와 관련된 저항 요인들을 극복하고 시스템 도입 이후 전체 유치원들의 시스템 사용 기회를 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 마련함으로서 실질적 정책 수행에 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.689-733
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 다수의 교환비율을 가진 이산화황 배출허가권을 거래하기 위한 계획을 평가하였다. 이러한 비율들은 가상의 사회비용 최소화 과정 속에서 배출권자들의 한계 환경규제준수 비용에 기초하여 정해진다. 이러한 계획은 일대일 방식의 배출권거래로 알려진 현존하는 미국 환경국의 거래프로그램과 대조되어 고찰되었으며 두 정책들 모두 동일한 배출총량을 발생시키는 것으로 모형화하였다. 이산화황의 집중도와 건강피해 정도에 더하여 두 정책들 사이에서의 소비자와 생산자 잉여를 알아보기 위해 미국 환경산업에서의 부분균형을 수량화한 모형이 사용되었다. 그 결과 지역오염 수준은 두 정책에 따라 상당히 크게 변화되는 것으로 발견되었다. 다양화된 교환비율들의 구조는 단일비율하에서의 배출권거래보다 산업이익 측면에서는 22억 달러, 그리고 건강피해규모에서는 21억 달러만큼 능가하는 것으로 평가되었으나 소비자 잉여를 67억 달러만큼 감소시키는 것으로 추정되었다. 따라서 기대와는 달리 교환비율들은 25억 달러만큼 총후생을 감소시키는 것으로 추정되었다. 이러한 결과는 실증적인 문제일 수도 있지만 근본적으로는 메커니즘 디자인의 설정에 기인한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2017

Background: Workplace violence (WPV) against healthcare workers (HCWs) employed in psychiatric inpatient wards is a serious occupational issue that involves both staff and patients; the consequences of WPV may include increased service costs and lower standards of care. The purpose of this review was to evaluate which topics have been focused on in the literature and which are new in approaching the concern of patient violence against HCWs employed in psychiatric inpatient wards, in the past 20 years. Methods: We searched for publications in PubMed and Web of Science using selected keywords. Each article was reviewed and categorized into one or more of the following four categories based on its subject matter: risk assessment, risk management, occurrence rates, and physical/nonphysical consequences. Results: Our search resulted in a total of 64 publications that matched our inclusion criteria. The topics discussed, in order of frequency (from highest to lowest), were as follows: "risk assessment," "risk management," "occurrence rates," and "physical/nonphysical consequences." Schizophrenia, young age, alcohol use, drug misuse, a history of violence, and hostile-dominant interpersonal styles were found to be the predictors of patients' violence. Conclusion: Risk assessment of violence by patients appeared the way to effectively minimize the occurrence of WPV and, consequently, to better protect mental HCWs. We found paucity of data regarding psychologic sequelae of WPV. According to these findings, we suggest the need to better investigate the psychologic consequences of WPV, with the aim of checking the effective interventions to assist HCW victims of violence and to prevent psychologic illness.