• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.5063-5067
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy and is a significant cause of mortality. Its incidence is generally increasing in Asia. Reports from the West have indicated that the incidence of rectal cancer is increasing in the younger population. This study assessed the time trend of CRC in Brunei Darussalam specifically assessing the different age groups at which the incidences start to increase. Materials and Methods: The National Cancer registry was reviewed (1991 to 2014). The age standardized rate (ASR) and the age specific incidence rates (ASIRs) for three time periods (1991-1998), (1999-2006) and (2007-2014) were calculated. Results: The mean age of diagnosis was $59.3{\pm}14.6$ years old, incidences being slightly higher amongst men (57.6%) and Malays (67.1%). The most common tumor type was adenocarcinoma (96.4%). Rectal cancers accounted for 35.2% (n=372/1,056) of all cancers of the large bowel; more men were affected than women. The proportion of rectal cancer was also high among the indigenous group. In the three time periods, the ASR for CRC increased from 16 per 100,000 (1991-1998) to 19.6 per 100,000 (1999-2006) and 24.3 per 100,000 (2007-2014). The ASIRs for CRC increased markedly between the time periods 1998-2006 and 2007-2014, beginning in the 40-44 years age group. For rectal cancers, the ASIRs started to increase in the 25-29 age group onward whereas for colon cancers, the increase was observed at a later age, starting from the 45-49 age group. Conclusions: Our study showed an increase in the incidence of CRC including in the younger age groups. The increase was seen earlier in rectal cancer compared to colon cancer. These data mirror the trends reported from the West.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.531-535
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• 2007

목 적 : 인도메타신 투여는 미숙아 동맥관개존의 치료로 약 80-90%에서 효과를 보이며 일부는 반복 투여나 수술적 치료를 필요로 한다. 본 연구는 인도메타신 치료 효과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인들을 분석하여 치료 효과를 관찰함으로써 조기에 인도메타신 재 투여나 수술적 치료를 고려해야 할 경우를 예측하는데 도움이 되는 인자를 알아보고자 시행되었다. 방 법 : 2002년 9월부터 2006년 4월까지 경희 의료원과 노원 을지병원 신생아 중환자실에 입원한 미숙아 중 동맥관개존을 진단받고 일차적으로 인도메타신 주사를 투여 받은 환아 29명을 대상으로 하였다. 이중 1 cycle 투여로 치료된 경우를 단일 투여 군으로, 약물을 재 투여하였거나 재 투여 후 수술적 치료를 받은 경우를 재 투여 군으로 하였으며 인도메타신 치료 효과에 영향을 줄 수 있는 인자들에 관하여 후향적으로 비교, 조사하였다. 결 과 : 단일 투여 군은 전체 29명 중 19명(65.5%)였고 재 투여군 중 수술적 치료 없이 인도메타신의 재 투여로 치료된 환아는 29명 중 5명(17.2%), 재 투여 후 재발하여 수술 받은 환아는 29명 중 5명(17.2%)이였다. 재 투여 군에서는 동맥관개존의 크기가 유의하게 더 컸으며($3.66{\pm}0.8mm$ vs $2.55{\pm}0.8mm$, P<0.01), 또한 인도메타신의 첫 투여 시 평균 연령은 재 투여 군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(19.7일 vs 12.5일, P<0.05). 재태 연령과 출생 체중은 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 그밖에 기관지 폐 이형성증, 괴사성 장염, 패혈증, 뇌실 내 출혈 등과 같은 예후에도 양군간의 의미 있는 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 동맥관개존의 크기가 3.5 mm 이상인 경우, 인도메타신 투여시기가 생후 7일 이상으로 늦은 경우에 적극적인 인도메타신의 재 투여나 수술적 치료를 고려해야 할 것으로 생각되며 향후 보다 많은 환자 군을 대상으로 하는 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2003

A cephalometric study was performed to reveal differences between skeletal Class III malocclusion patients and cleft lip and palate patients, The material for this study consisted of 16 males (mean age 19.8, range 17-29) and 9 females(mean age 19.4, range 16-27) with cleft lip and palate, and 222 Skeletal Class III malocclusion patients(males 106, females 116), Cephalometric tracing and measurements were done by one investigator. Results were followed: 1. Cleft lip and palate group had more retrusive maxilla than the skeletal Class III malocclusion group. 2, Cleft lip and palate group had smaller effective maxillary and mandibular length than skeletal Class III malocclusion group, and the difference was more prominent in the mandible than in the maxilla. 3. Dental compensation was not observed in the upper incisors of cleft lip and palate group and in the lower incisors it was smaller than skeletal Class III group. 4, In the Gonial angle and lower anterior facial height values, there was no significant difference between cleft lip and palate and skeletal Class III malocclusion group. These results can be used in orthodontic treatment planning and orthognathic surgery for the cleft lip and palate patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.116-121
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• 1986

Patients over 15 years of age who have undergone a surgical correction of a congenital cardiac malformation during period of January 1958 through January 1986 have been reviewed. During this period there were 3957 congenital cardiac lesions consisting of 2712 acyanotic and 1245 cyanotic cases. Among them, a total of 725 adults [18.3%] with a variety of congenital heart lesions, 548 acyanotic group and 177 cyanotic group were operated on. 372 patients were male and 252 patients were female. There were 280 patients under 20 years of age, 206 between 20-24 years, 102 between 25-29 years, 48 between 30-34 and 89 over 35 years. The most common defects were atrial septal defect which accounted for 207 cases [28.6%] and other common anomalies were VSD [140 cases, 19.3%], TOF [136 cases, 18.6%], PDA [120 cases, 16.6%] and PS [33 cases, 4.6%] in order of incidence. Overall operative mortality for this series was 3.6% [1.8% of a cyanotic group and 9.0% of cyanotic group] compared with 2.8% of total cases of congenital heart disease [acyanotic group 1.1% and cyanotic group 6.5%]. This reviewed series reveals the incidence of operable congenital heart defects appearing in any adult life and demonstrates that surgical repair can be accomplished with a satisfactory low mortality rate.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2022

본 연구는 가임기 여성의 유방암 검진행위 영향요인을 규명하기 위해 시행된 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상자는 19-40세의 가임기 여성 2,000명으로, 자료수집은 2020년 9월부터 2021년 8월까지 온라인 및 모바일로 설문조사로 진행되었다. 유방암 검진행위 영향요인을 규명하기 위해 시행된 다중 순서형 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 나이가 20-29세 (OR=.2.145, CI=1.219-3.777), 30세 이상(OR=5.663, CI=2.784-11.521), 연소득이 1000만원 미만(OR=1.606, CI=1.070-2.413), 3,000만원 이상(OR=2.422, CI=1.550-3.785), 유방암 가족력(OR=2.421, CI=1.154-5.080), 난소암 가족력(OR=4.321, CI=1.382-13.516), 주관적 건강상태 인식이 '보통'(OR=1.466, CI=1.064-2.020), '건강하지 않음'(OR=1.854, CI=1.188-2.895)인 경우 가임기 여성의 유방암 검진행위가 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구를 바탕으로 가임기의 젊은 여성군의 유방암 검진행위를 강화시킬 수 있는 방안이 마련되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.23-47
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 연령에 따른 운전자의 운전확신수준 변화가 운전행동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 운전확신수준을 측정하기 위해 운전확신수준 설문지를 사용하였으며, 조사대상자들의 운전경력, 주행거리, 운전일수, 법규위반(음주, 과속), 교통사고경험(가해, 피해)을 함께 조사하였다. 조사대상자는 만 19세부터 만 80세까지였으며 총 1,055명이 연구에 참여하였다. 운전확신수준의 구조를 알아보고자 요인분석을 실시하였다. 각 연령(29세이하, 30-39세, 40-49세, 50-64세, 65세이상)의 운전확신수준을 비교하고, 운전확신수준과 운전행동과의 관계를 알아보았다. 그 결과, 운전확신수준은 '상황둔감성', '불안전운전', '주의집중소홀', '운전자신감'의 네 요인으로 이루어져 있었으며, 연령의 증가와 함께 운전확신수준은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 또한, 운전확신수준은 연령과 가해교통사고, 피해교통사고, 운전기간, 음주운전, 과속운전, 운전경력 등과 상관관계를 가지고 있었다. 연구에 참여한 운전자 집단을 음주운전집단, 과속운전집단으로 나누어 운전확신수준과 운전행동의 차이를 알아보았는데, 음주운전이나 과속운전 경험이 없었던 운전자 집단과 음주운전이나 과속운전을 경험한 운전자 집단의 운전확신수준과 운전행동이 유의한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7125-7128
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• 2014

Background: Acquired genetic alterations and presence of sensitizing mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR and other signaling molecules have been found in different subsets of primary lung adenocarcinoma. The commonest EGFR mutations are small in frame deletions of exon 19 and a point mutation (L858R) in exon 21, having a combined occurrence of around 90%. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and types of EGFR mutations in primary lung adenocarcinomas in Pakistan. Materials and Methods: EGFR mutations in tumor samples were screened by multiplex real time PCR. Briefly, DNA from formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tissue was amplified with primers and probes specific to 43 different EGFR mutations in a Cobas z 480 instrument. The assay detects mutations in four exons (18-21) of the EGFR gene. Results: Out of 94 patients, 65 were males and 29 females with a M:F ratio of 2.2: 1. The median age was 62 years (range, 28 - 85 years). In our biopsy samples 70 (74%) cases were of primary lung adenocarcinoma, whereas 24 (26%) were confirmed metastatic adenocarcinoma of primary lung origin. EGFR mutation was positive in 29% of the patients. The highest frequency of L858R was observed in 48% of these, followed by deletion in exon 19 (44%). In addition, other rare mutations such as compound G718X:S768I and insertions in exon 20 insertion were detected in approximately 4% of the patients. Conclusions: This study showed that Del 19 and L858R are the most frequent mutations in Pakistani lung adenocarcinoma patients and around 29% of the patients were found eligible for erlotinib therapy.

• 치과방사선
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was radiographic analysis of the morphology of maxillary sinus in adolescents and adults. In order to analize the morphology of maxillary sinus in view point of anteroposterior width of medial wall, vertical distance between antral floor and nasal floor level, anterior extension, distance between antral floor and maxillary 1st molar apex, and types of lower border of maxillary sinus, specialized maxillary projection and periapical view with paralleling technique was taken. The author examined orthopantomograms and intraoral standard views taken from 400 adolescents and adults ranged 15-65 year-old. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The antero-posterior width of medial wall of maxillary sinus was 32.80mm in 15-19 year-old group, 33.86㎜ in 20-24 year-old group, 34.09㎜ in 25-29 year-old group, and 33.67㎜ in 30-65 year-old group, and the left maxillary sinus was somewhat smaller than the right. 2. The vertical distance between antral floor and nasal floor level was 8.49㎜ in 15-19 year-old group, 9.05㎜ in 20-24 year-old group, 8.95㎜ in 25-29 year-old group, and 8.32㎜ in 30-65 year-old group. 3. The order of anterior extension of maxillary sinus were distal half of canine, mesial half of canine, mesial half of 1st premolar, and distal half of 1st premolar. 4. The distance between antral floor and maxillary 1st molar were 4.36㎜ in 15-19 year-old group, 4.77㎜ in 20-24 year-old group, 3.58㎜ in 25-29 year-old group, and 2.33㎜ in 30-65 year-old group. 5. The order of the types of lower border of maxillary sinus were entire downward type, close type, partially downward type, waving type, separating type, and indistinct. In the types of antral floor, there was a tendency to increase the seperating type with age.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.806-820
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• 1996

The relationship between exercise and hone mineral density (BMD) was investigated in 153 healthy women. The BMD of lumbar spine, femur(neck, ward's triangle, trochanter) and total body was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in a group subjects(65) aged 19-59 years who had been exercising(swimming or aerobic dancing) regularly for at least 2 years as well as in a similar group of nonexercising control subjects(88). Weight, height, total lean body mass(=weight-total fat body mass-bone mineral content), animal and meat Ca, Ca index, energy expenditure, BMD, PYD/Cr were significantly higher in the exercisers than the controls. There were significantly negative correlations between age, ALP and osteocalcin and BMD, but significantly positive correlations between weight, BMI, total fat body mass and total lean body mass and BMD. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that total lean body mass may be a better independent predictor to BMD than total fat body mass. The nutrient intakes were more closely related to BMD in the exercisers than the controls, but energy expenditure was more closely related to BMD in the controls than the exercisers Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that BMD was closely related to menopause, osteocalcin, age, weight in both groups but energy intake in the exercisers alone, energy expenditure in control alone. In premenopausal women, the exercisers had significantly greater BMD than the controls. But, in postmenopausal women, no significant difference between two groups was detected. When compared to BMD of the subjects with same age range to minimize the effect of age, aerobic dancing appears to be capable of exerting a positive effect on BMD in a group of subjects aged 19-44. However, no relationship of the swimming to BMD could be identified in a group of subjects aged 37-59. The results of this study suggest that the usefulness of exercisng appears to be significantly greater in preemenopausal women than postmenoparusal women and weight bearing activity, aerobic dancing is associated with increasing BMD at the weight bearing sites and could be beneficial in the prevention of bone loss. But the usefulness of swimming on bone should be further investgated.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.129-135
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• 1997

Serum samples from 123 males and 123 females collected by age in 1996 were analyzed for antibodies against surface antigen of Hepatitis B virus and C22-3, C200 antigens of Hepatitis C virus. Sera from the children under the age of 10 showed 30% seropositivity to the surface antigen of Hepatitis B virus, 33.3% in $10{\sim}19$ year group, 20% in $20{\sim}29$ year group, 17.6% in $30{\sim}39$ year group, 3.3% in $40{\sim}49$ year group, 5.9% in $50{\sim}59$ year group, 8,3% in $60{\sim}69$ year group, 2.9% in $70{\sim}79$ year group, but antibody could not found in $80{\sim}86$ year group. 12 out of 123 male sera were positive, 19 out of 123 female sera were positive and overall rate of positivity of antibody against surface antigen of Hepatitis B virus was 12.6%. Serum samples from peoples under the age of 30 had not antibody against C22-3, C200 antigens of Hepatitis C virus. The positivity rate was 2.9% in $30{\sim}39$ year group. 5 out of 30 sera from $40{\sim}49$ year age group were positive, and 3 positive sera showed extremely high titer (1:524,288) but the titers of two remaining sera were 1:32, 1:8,192 respectively. 5.9% was positive in $50{\sim}59$ year group, 8.3% in $60{\sim}69$ year group, 11.8% in $70{\sim}79$ year group but all negative in $80{\sim}86$ year group 6 out of 123 male sera were positive (4.9%), 9 out of 123 female sera were positive (7.3%). Overall rate of positivity of antibody against C22-3, C200 antigen of Hepatitis C virus was 6.1 %. None out of 246 sera had both antibodies against Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis C virus.