• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.233-233
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• 2020

최근 우리나라의 2030년 10GW의 농촌 태양광 보급목표 달성을 위해 전국적으로 분포하고 있는 저수지 및 댐 등의 공유 수면을 활용한 수상태양광 설치가 적극 검토되고 있다. 수상태양광 사업의 증가와 함께 수상태양광 설치 및 운영이 환경적 측면에서 논쟁이 대두되고 있으나 수상태양광 발전시설이 호소 수생태계에 미치는 영향을 판단할 수 있는 장기적인 조사나 과학적 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 저수지에 설치되어 있는 수상태양광 발전시설에 의한 수생태계에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 수상태양광이 운영되고 있는 2개소의 저수지를 대상으로 식물플랑크톤, 동물플랑크톤, 저서성 대형무척추동물, 어류 군집조사를 2개년(2017~2018년) 동안 실시하여 각각의 종풍부도 및 종다양도 지수를 분석하였다. 1차년도에는 수상태양광 패널 설치지역 및 패널로부터 200~250m로 이격거리를 유지하면서 총 6지점을 조사하였으며, 2차년도에는 수상태양광 패널 하부(영향권) 3지점과 패널로부터 약 250m 이격된 2지점(비영향권)을 대상으로 총 6회의 조사를 수행하였다. 식물성플랑크톤, 동물성플랑크톤, 저서 대형무척추동물, 어류 군집에 대한 종풍부도와 종다양성에 대한 분석결과, 종풍부도 및 종다양도는 발전시설 영향권 지역과 비영향권 지역간에 통계학적으로 유의미한 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 종풍부도는 수상태양광 패널로부터 이격거리가 멀어질수록(열린수역으로 향할수록) 감소하는 수치를 보이다가 저수지 수변부에 가까워지면 높아지는 경향을 나타났다. 종다양도 역시 종풍부도 결과와 유사하게 수상태양광 패널 지역으로부터 이격거리가 증가함에 따라(열린수역으로 향할수록) 지수가 감소하다가 저수지 수변부에 가까울수록 높아지는 결과를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 동식물성 플랑크톤과 저서생물 및 어류 군집의 종풍부도, 종다양도가 수상태양광의 영향권과 비영향권간에 큰 차이를 없음을 나타내고 있으며, 일부 분류군의 경우 열린 수면보다 수상태양광 설비에 의한 반 폐쇄수역에서 종풍부도와 종다양도가 오히려 높게 나타났다. 그러나 본 연구결과는 설치된 수상태양광 패널이 전체 수면의 5% 미만에 해당하는 소규모 시설이므로 본 연구결과를 일반화해서 해석하기에는 한계가 있다. 넓은 수면적에 설치되어 있는 대규모 시설 및 20년 이상 장기간 운영되는 수상태양광 발전시설을 대상으로 지속적인 모니터링 및 누적된 환경영향 평가가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.439-454
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• 2023

Objectives: As Korea transitions into an aging society, the incidence of cerebrovascular disease is expected to increase. Herbal medicine is commonly used in Oriental medicine to treat cerebrovascular disease. However, there is insufficient clinical evidence to actively support the safety of herbal medicine in clinical practice. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the toxicity and safety of four herbal medicines (Cheongsimyeonja-tang, Dodam-tang, Hyeolbuchukso-tang, and Boshiniknai-tang) in patients with cerebrovascular disease. Methods: This study used electronic medical records to analyze patients admitted to an oriental medicine hospital from April 1, 2017, to December 31, 2020. Liver and renal function values at the time of admission and discharge were compared. Results: A total of 25 patients were included in this study. We found no significant differences in various variables, such as complete blood count, liver-renal function test, and urine, before and after the administration of the four herbal medicines. Additionally, no significant adverse events related to herbal medicine were observed. Conclusions: This study confirmed the safety of the four herbal medicines in patients with cerebrovascular disease who were hospitalized in a single Oriental medicine hospital.

• 지역과문화
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.77-104
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• 2019

This study examines the efficiency of using local cultural resources in local governments. The study does so by DEA(Data Envelope Analysis) using data from the year 2017 for 17 local governments in Korea. In addition, this study tries to estimate environmental efficiency of local cultural resources. For this, the 'Total Efficiency' including the output variables related to the local cultural resource environment was analyzed. After than It compared the 'Total Efficiency' with the 'Utilization Efficiency', to estimate the 'Environmental Efficiency' of local cultural resources. The followings are results which are significant statistically. Firstly, it was evaluated that five of the 17 local governments utilized the local cultural resources efficiently. Secondly, it was result that the inefficiency of the other local governments was relatively influenced by the economies of scale than PTE(Pure Technical Efficiency). Thirdly, It has been confirmed that environmental aspects such as cultural properties and cultural infrastructure have a considerable impact on the increase or decrease of efficiency in local governments. The difference in the efficiency of local governments are influenced by the population density. In order to improve the efficiency in the future, it is necessary to adjust the appropriate level of input according to the local population estimate, which is a major consumer of the local cultural resource utilization. In addition, the local festivals and village festivals held by local governments should be checked to improve in quality by eliminating inefficiencies. Also, it should be considered of environmental factors together, when analyzing the efficiency of the local cultural resource in local governments.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.125-129
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• 2017

A 38-year-old man presented with abdominal discomfort and was diagnosed as type 3 advanced gastric cancer with multiple liver and lung metastases (Stage IV). Endoscopic forcep biopsy revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, which stained positive HER2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor) on immunohistochemistry. We started chemotherapy with FP (5-Fluorouracil plus Cisplatin) plus trastuzumab. After 6 cycles of FP plus trastuzumab chemotherapy, there were partial response in the liver, lung and lymph nodes metastasis. Especially, metastatic lung lesions showed remarkable improvement. Chemotherapy with FP plus trastuzamab was effective for HER2 positive advanced cancer with multiple liver and lung metastases. Through active research on target therapy about advanced gastric cancer, we expect to improve the survival rate and quality of life of patients with advanced gastric cancer who can not undergo curative resection.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2017

Background: Recently, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) with laparoscopic sentinel lymph node dissection, named ESN or endoscopic full-thickness gastric resection with laparoscopic sentinel lymph node dissection, named Hybrid-natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) was suggested the possibility of minimally invasive treatment for patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) who were beyond the indication of ESD. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of ESN or Hybrid-NOTES. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients treated with these therapies from January 2009 to May 2013 in terms of short- and long-term outcomes. Each patient was diagnosed with EGC but was not included in ESD indications and had the high risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM). Results: A total of 42 patients with EGC treated by ESN or Hybrid-NOTES. Of the 21 patients who underwent ESN, a total of 4 patients underwent additional gastrectomy, 1 with LNM, 1 with surgical complication, and 2 with noncurative resection. Of the 21 patients who underwent Hybrid-NOTES, a total of 5 patients underwent additional surgery, 1 with LNM, 2 with surgical complication, and 2 with noncurative resection. Overall survival was 100% over a mean follow-up of 75 months, but 3 patients underwent ESD or gastrectomy with metachronous lesion. And 1 patient who had received ESN was found to have a metastatic lymph node and undergo palliative chemotherapy. Conclusion: ESN or Hybrid-NOTES showed favorable short-and long-term outcomes. These methods may be utilized as a bridge between ESD and gastrectomy in the case of EGC which is more likely to have LNM beyond the ESD indications.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2018

Background: In Korea, stomach cancer is the second most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. the time of diagnosis is very important for treatment so early detection and surgery are currently considered the mainstay of treatment, when diagnosed advanced with tumor extension through the gastric wall and direct extension into other organs, with metastatic involvement. Recently, new drugs, drug combinations, and multimodal approaches have been used to treat this disease and In cancers over expressing or amplifying HER2, the combination of cisplatin-fluoropyrimidine-trastuzumab is considered to be the treatment of reference. but At present, the choice of treatment schedule for HER2-negative tumors is based on the medical institution's preferences and adverse effects profile. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of using FOLFOX regimen as a first-line therapy or a salvage therapy in the patients with HER2-negative advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. Methods: We retrospective reviewed the patient medical record from March 2012 to July 2017. This study evaluated 113 patients. Sixty-eight patients were treated with the FOLFOX regimen for the first time (first-line group) and 45 patients were treated with the FOLFOX regimen as a second (35 patients) or third (10 patients) chemotherapy (salvage group). Results: In the first-line group, the response rate was 54.9%. In the salvage therapy group, the response rate was 24.4% and The difference was statistically significant (p=0.205). The median TTP of the first-line group was 10.7 months (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 7.8-13.7 months) and that of salvage line group was 6.1 months (95% CI, 3.8-8.4 months). The median OS of the first-line group was 15.8 months (95% CI, 12.7-18.9 months) and that of the salvage therapy group was 10.2 months (95% CI, 8.2-11.9 months). drug toxicity was similar andtolerable between two groups. Conclusion: In patients with unresctable metastatic gastric cancer, after failing to respond to first-line therapy, most patients have no alternative other than second-line therapy because the disease is highly progressive. if the performance status of the patient is good enough to be eligible to treatments beyond best supportive care. FOLFOX regimen can be a considerable therapeutic option for salvage treatment.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.86-90
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• 2017

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate clinicopathologic features of type 3 gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) by treatment modality. Methods: The Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Cancer conducted the Korean Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Registry, a retrospective registry database of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors from 16 hospitals in Korea. The normal serum gastrin level range was defined as <100 pg/mL, and gastric NEN patients with normal gastrin level were selected for analysis. Results: Among 358 patients with gastric NEN, 21 (5.9%) patients were classified with type 3 gastric NEN. The median age was 53 years (range 30-74). According to the WHO 2010 classification, 13 (61.9%) patients had grade 1, and 8 (38.1%) patients had grade 2 or 3. Endoscopic treatment was performed in 14 (66.7%) patients, and surgery was performed in 7 (33.3%) patients. The tumor size was smaller in the endoscopic treatment group than in the surgery group (0.6 cm vs 1.3 cm, p=0.006). After treatment, there was one recurrence in the surgery group. Conclusion: In small size Type 3 gastric NEN, endoscopic treatment was associated with a good prognosis, compared to surgery. Thus, endoscopic treatment can be used an alternative modality in selected cases of type 3 gastric NEN.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2017

Background: Cachexia is a multi-factorial syndrome presenting with chronic illness, decreases in body weight, and loss of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, mostly in patients with advanced cancer and chronic wasting disease. Even after years of intensive researches, there remains no convincing therapy to prevent cancer cachexia. Methods: In this in vivo study, we have established C26 adenocarcinoma-induced cancer cachexia model in mice to explore the underlying core changes in cytokine, signal transduction, and muscle wasting. The ultimate aim of establishing animal model is to find optimal therapeutics to mitigate cancer cachexia. Results: We have administered C26 adenocarcinoma cells onto BALB/c mice and observed 4 weeks to assess the progression of cancer cachexia. Significant loss of weight accompanied with loss of appetite was noted. As C26 adenocarcinoma xenograft progressed, mortality was started from 3 weeks, accompanied with significant sarcopenia and decreased mice movement. Surges in TNF-α and IL-6 were noted with the commencement of cancer cachexia. Conclusion: Using C26 adenocarcinoma cancer cachexia model, we can screen the optimal therapeutics to mitigate cancer cachexia, in which agents to modulate IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB were essential.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.44-64
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• 2017

From the field survey of the main ethnic minority areas in the south China, it is found that political, economic, cultural and natural environmental changes are the main reasons leading to the change of customary law. The power mechanism of the customary law change include the three aspects, such as the promotion of country elite, the dominance of grassroots government, and the daily demands of the villagers, which promote the change of customary law alone or together. Through the application of customary law, the country elites can adjust and refine the rules of customary law in order to make out the new customary law and promote its development. In the current pattern of rural governance, grassroots self-government is actually the "official supervision of people's autonomy". The executive power of the grassroots government often intervene the practice of customary law and other informal rules. This is another mechanism of customary law change. Customary law arises from the practice of the daily life of the villagers. If the villagers think that the norms of customary law cannot meet the actual needs of daily life practice, the customary law will be promoted in the form of collective consultation. This is the most important dynamic practice mechanism of customary law change. Transformation and abandonment are the two ways to change customary law. No matter what kind of change does not lead to the demise of the customary law system, the demise of the customary law is only an outdated result, which is made by the universality, nature and objectivity of customary law. The procedure of customary law change is the process of continuation and rebirth about customary law. The result of the change is to produce the new customary law of keeping pace with the times, and the customary law will be presented with new content and form after the change. The continuation of customary law means the inheritance of traditional customary law, but it is based on the transformation of traditional customary law. The rebirth of customary law means that the traditional customary law is completely discarded. But it will produce new customary law rules and be based on the needs of social life practice. Customary law occupies a pivotal position in the normative system and the national law cannot be replaced. The purpose of customary law change will let the customary rules better adapt to the development of modern society, adjust the social relations more reasonably and better meet people's needs of production and life, which is decided by the character of customary law.