• Title/Summary/Keyword: Aeromonas spp.

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Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Microorganisms from Soybean Sprouts

  • Kim, Hye-Jung;Koo, Kyoung-Mo;Kim, Gi-Nahm;Lee, Dong-Sun;Paik, Hyun-Dong
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.305-309
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    • 2002
  • Raw soybean sprouts were tested for contamination with the following bacteria which have potential for pathogenesis or food spoilage : Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, Yersinia enterocolitica, Vibrio parahae-molyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Plesidomonas shigeloides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Lis-teria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Campylobacter jejuni, Erwinia spp., and Fusarium spp. Three of the above strains were isolated from the sprouts, and identified by morphological and biochemical methods including an API kit and ATB automated identification system. The isolate cultured in Cereus selective agar, a selective medium, was a Gram-positive, rod shaped, anaerobic spore former. The biochemical and culture tests revealed the following characteristics: catalase-positive, no growth on Simmon's citrate, NO₂ production and requirement of arginine for growth; the ATB automated identification system gave 99.8 % agreement for the identification of Bacillus cereus to the species level. The isolate cultured in Macconkey agar selective medium was Gram-negative, rod shaped and a gas former; the ATB-system gave 99.9% agreement for the identification of Aeromonas hydrophila to the species level. The isolate found in Pseudomonas isolation agar was Gram-negative, rod shaped, cytochrome oxidase-positive, a reducer of nitrates to nitrogen, and pyocyanin producer; the ATB-system gave 99.9 % agreement for the identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the species level. These results indicate that the three bacteria species present in the soybean sprouts were Bacillus cereus, Aero-monas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Yersinia enter-ocolitica, which are associated with serious disease in humans, were not isolated from soybean sprouts examined in this study.

Bacteriological Characteristics of Drinking Water in Pusan Area (부산지역 음용수의 세균학적 특성)

  • 김용관
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.34-39
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    • 1993
  • One hundred and eighty-seven water samples were collected from 23 of spring water, 2 of ground water, 1 of tap water in Pusan area and 3 of natural mineral waters. Total coliform group, fecal coliform, viable cell count and microflora were investigated to evaluate water quality of drinking water. The results were as follows: range and geometric mean value of total coliform and fecal coliform MPN's of spring water were 0~1,500/100 ml, 85/100 ml and 0~460/100 ml, 24/100 ml but coliform group was not detected in the samples of tap water and natural mineral water. Viable cell count of spring water, ground water and tap water were lower as 100 cell than the criteria for drinking water but that of natural mineral water was higher as 6.5X 10$^2$~7.4X 10$^3$ /ml. Predominant speces among the 219 strains isolated from the samples were 19.6% Aeromonas spp., 19.2% Enterobacteriaceae, 16% Acinetobacter spp. Especially, spring water and vessels were contaminated by Hafnia spp. and Providencia Spp, inhabitant of the oral cavity.

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Production and Some Properties of Chitinolytic Enzymes by Antagonistic Bacteria (길항세균들이 생산하는 Chitin 분해효소의 특성)

  • 박서기;이효연;허정원
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.258-264
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    • 1995
  • Production and some properties of chitinolytic enzymes were investigated by 80% ammonium sulfate precipitates (crude enzymes) from culture supernatant of antagonistic bacteria, Chromobacterium violaceum strain C-61 and strain C-72, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae, and Serratia marcescens. The maximum production of chitinase was obtained from the 3-day culture at 28$^{\circ}C$ in C. violaceum stains, the 6-day culture in S. marcescens, and the 2-day culture in A. hydrophila and A. caviae. In the optimum culture periods, chitinase activity of C. violaceum strains C-61 was 1.5, 5.5, 12.0 and 11.3 times higher than those of strain C-72, S. marcescens, A. hydrophila and A. caviae, respectively. However, N,N'-diacetylchitobiase activity was 3.2 times higher in S. marcescens than in C. violaceum strain C-61, and that of Aeromonas spp.was very low. On gels containing glycol chitin, chitinase of C. violaceum strains showed four isoforms of 54-, 52-, 50- and 37-kDa, whereas there were four isoforms of 58-, 52-, 48- and 38-kDa in S. arcescens, three isoforms of 70-, 58- and 54-kDa in A. hydrophila and six isoforms of 90-, 79-, 71-, 63-, 58- and 38-kDa in A. caviae. The chitinase of C. violaceum strain C-61 was most active at pH 7.0 and at 5$0^{\circ}C$ and was stable in ranges of pH 5.0~10.0 for 2 hours and of 0~5$0^{\circ}C$ for 30 min.

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Hygienic Quality of Beef and Distribution of Pathogens during Cut-Meat Processing (식육의 처리 단계별 미생물 오염실태와 병원성 미생물의 분포)

  • 오영숙;이신호
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.96-102
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    • 2001
  • Bacteriological quality of beef carcass and distributions of pathogens in beef processing environments were investigated to improve the hygienic quality of fresh beef. Total bacterial contamination of carcass surface in slaughtering process and cutting board in cut-meat process showed 10$^{5}$ -10$^{6}$ CFU/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and 10$^{5}$ CFU/$\textrm{cm}^2$ in summer, respectively. The viable bacterial count of cotton glove was similar to that of cutting board during and entire period of year. Microbial contamination of carcass surface, cutting board, cotton glove and deboned meat showed the highest in summer and the lowest in winter during the year. Escherichia coli O157, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella. ornithinolytica, Staphylococcus aureus, E coli, Tatumella. ptyseos, Serratia odorifera, Aero-monas sobria, Enterobacter cloacae and Flavimonas oryzihabitans were isolated from carcass surface during slaughter treatments. S. aureus, Listeria grayi and L. monocytogenes were isolated from cutting board and L. grayi, Erwinia spp. Salmonella app. and S. aureus were isolated from cotton glove in cut-meat process environments. Citrobacter freundii; L. monocytogenes; and S. aureus were isolated from deboned meat.

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Monitoring of Diseases Including Nematode Clavinema mariae Infections in the Cultured Korean Rockfish Sebastes schlegeli During 2013-2016 (2013-2016년 양식 조피볼락(Sebastes schlegeli)의 해역별 선충(Clavinema mariae) 및 병원체 감염 현황)

  • Han, Hyun-Ja;Song, Jun-Young;Cho, Mi-Young;Choi, Hye-Sung;Jung, Sung-Hee;Seo, Han-Gill
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.53 no.3
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    • pp.432-442
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    • 2020
  • Diagnostic monitoring in Korean rockfish cages was performed to survey the prevalence of pathogens in cultured Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli from May 2013 to July 2016. A total of 1,945 fish samples collected from the western (Cheonsu Bay and Heuksando), southern (Tongyeong and Namhae), and eastern coasts (Pohang) of Korea were tested for parasites, viruses, and bacteria. In this study, 1,264 and 334 fishes were infected with Microcotyle sebastis and Clavinema mariae, respectively. The prevalence rates of C. clavinema in fishes from Cheonsu Bay, Heuksando, and Tongyeong were 35.3%, 3.9% and 1.9%, respectively. No C. clavinema infection was detected in cultured rockfish from Namhae and Pohang. Furthermore, bacteria including Photobacterium damselae (8.9%), Photobacterium piscicola (2.3%), Photobacterium spp. (8.9%), Aeromonas salmonicida (1.8%), Aeromonas spp. (0.9%), Vibrio scophthalmi (1.5%), Vibrio spp. (3.3%), Streptococcus iniae (1.2%), and others (8.0%) were detected in 373 of 1,364 fishes. No virus was detected in any fish investigated in this study.

Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria from Spinach (시금치로부터 병원성세균의 분리 및 동정)

  • Kim, Hye-Jung;Kim, Young-Hoon;Lee, Dong-Sun;Paik, Hyun-Dong
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.97-102
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    • 2003
  • Raw and washed spinaches were tested to evaluate the incidences of Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus cereus, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. Four pathogenic bacteria were isolated from spinach samples, and identified by morphological and biochemical methods, including API and ATB identification systems. Isolates from MacConkey, Cereus Selective, Clostridium Perfringens, and Baird-Parker agar media were in 99.9, 99.8, 99.9, and 97.8% agreements with A. hydrophila, B. cereus, C. perfringens, and S. aureus at the species level, respectively. SET-RPLA revealed, among the five strains of S. aureus isolates, two produced type A enterotoxin. All five strains of B. cereus isolates produced enterotoxin as revealed with CRET-RPLA.

Changes of Indicator Microorganisms and Pathogenic Bacteria in Spinach during Cook-Chill Process (시금치의 cook-chill 가공 중 오염지표균 및 병원성세균의 변화)

  • Kim, Hye-Jung;Park, Jae-Kap;Lee, Dong-Sun;Paik, Hyun-Dong
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.927-930
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    • 2002
  • Spinach minimally processed using cook-chill and sous vide techniques was vacuum-packed in low gas permeable plastic film, pasteurized at $70^{\circ}C$ for 2 min, cooled rapidly at $3^{\circ}C$, and stored at 3 and $10^{\circ}C$. Contents of mesophilic bacteria, psychrophilic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, spore-forming bacteria, total coliforms, yeast and molds, fecal Streptococcus, and Enterobacteriacea were measared to identify the degree of food contamination. Number of mesophilic bacteria, detected at $2.2{\times}10^8\;cfu/g$ in raw spinish, decreased to about $6.0{\times}10^3\;cfu/g$ after cook-chill process. During the storage at 3 or $10^{\circ}C$, levels of mesophilic, psychrophilic and anaerobic bacteria increased, whereas total coliforms, yeast and molds, fecal Streptococcus, and Enterobacteriacea were not detected. Twelve strains of Aeromonas hydphila, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus cereus, Campylococcus spp., Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus were examined for detecting the presence of pathogenic bacteria in spinach. B. cereus and C. perfringens were isolated from raw, washed, and cook-chilled spinach, whereas A. hydrophila was isolated only from washed spinach. S. aureus was isolated from raw and washed spinach, but not from cook-chilled spinach. Other pathogenic organisms were not detected in raw, washed, and cook-chilled spinach.

면역학적 방법을 이용한 식중독 세균 신속 검출방법 및 Liposome immunoassay를 이용한 검출법의 개발

  • Kim, Myeong-Hui
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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    • 2003.06a
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    • pp.15-23
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    • 2003
  • 식품으로 인한 질병은 개인의 생명을 위협할 뿐 아니라 건전한 노동력의 상실로 생산성을 감소시키고 의료비를 증가시켜 개인의 행복 및 국가 경제에 부담을 준다 (Buzby et al. 1996, Mead et at. 2000). HACCP와 여러 식품안전에 관한 규제의 시행 등의 많은 노력에도 불구하고 Salmonella serotypes, Staphylococcus aureus, Camplobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, enterotoxigenic and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus cereus와 같은 식품기원 병원성 세균으로 인한 질병은 줄어들고 있지 않다. 오히려 외식 위주로 변해가는 생활습관은 식품을 통한 이들 병원성 세균의 전파가능성을 증가시키고 있다. 게다가 새로운 병원성균 (Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli 0157:H7, Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas spp.) 의 출현 또는 특정 식품과 연관되어 나타나는 특정 subtype (Salmonella serotype Enteritidis) 의 출현은 이제까지 통용되어왔던 식품기원 세균을 위한 제어프로그램과는 다른 각도로 재원을 활용해야 할 동기를 부여하고 있다.

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Characters of motile aeromonads isolated from imported ornamental fish (수입 관상어에서 분리한 motile aeromonads의 특성)

  • Jin, Se-yun;Ko, Chang-yong;Lee, Ye-ji;Jung, Yun-hee;Ju, Seong-cheol;Kim, Eunheui
    • Journal of fish pathology
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.89-96
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    • 2017
  • The majority of freshwater ornamental fish are imported and distributed domestically, causing high risk of exposure to exotic pathogens and drug resistant bacteria in Korea. Aeromonas hydrophila is known as a common species of fresh water bacteria and opportunistic fish pathogen, as well as a species causing zoonotic infection. In this study, we isolated motile aeromonads from various imported freshwater ornamental fish and studied the characters of the isolates. Imported freshwater ornamental fish were purchased on day 1 after the fish were deposited in the aquarium. Bacteria were isolated from the liver, kidney and spleen of fish using 0.5% NaCl containing tryptic soy agar medium. Bacteria were grouped on the basis of their morphological characteristics. The colonies with clear zone on starch-ampicillin agar (SA agar) were tentatively identified as Aeromonas spp. Two hundred and twenty-six strains, about 70% of total isolates were assumed to be Aeromonas spp. Nine isolates were further identified based on the result of the API 20E test and PCR using primers specific for A. hydrophila 16S rRNA gene. The isolates were identified as A. hydrophila and the API 20E test showed differences in trisodium citrate, D-sucrose, D-melibiose, amygdalin and L-arabinose availability between the nine isolates and standard A. hydrophila. The susceptibilities of the isolated bacteria to 10 antibacterial agents were confirmed by the disk diffusion method. Isolated strains were found to be resistant to amoxicillin and ampicillin and sensitive to florfenicol. However, 7 isolates showed multiple drug resistances to erythromycin, oxytetracycline, nalidixic acid etc. Pathogenicity of the isolates was determined by the artificial challenge test on goldfish (Carassius auratus). Three isolates caused 60 ~ 80% mortality in goldfish within 5 days after the initiation of challenge. These results indicate that multiple drug resistant, highly pathogenic and exotic A. hydrophila can spread to domestic aquarium and the preventive treatment of fish before sale is necessary.

Annual Population Variation and Identification of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in the Lower Lake Geumgang (금강호의 항생제 내성세균의 분포 및 동정)

  • Bae, Myoung-Sook;Choi, Gang-Guk;Park, Suhk-Hwan;Choi, Moon-Sul;Lee, Geon-Hyoung
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.283-289
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    • 2004
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the annual population variation and identification of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the lower artificial Lake Geumgang from January to December, 2002. Samples were taken from the surface waters at 3 stations near the estuarine barrage. The results were as follows; the population densities of heterotrophic bacteria varied from 4.1±1.0×10² to 6.7±1.1×10³ cfu ml/sup -1/ during the investigation periods. The population densities of antibiotic-resistant bacteria ranged from 1.5±0.7×10 to 4.3±0.3×10³ cfu ml/sup -1/ for ampicillin; from 0 to 6.4±0.4× 10² cfu ml/sup -1/ for chloramphenicol; from 0 to 2.8±0.3×10³ cfu ml/sup -1/ for gentamicin; from 0 to 4.5±1.0×10³ cfu ml/sup -1/ for kanamycin; and from 1.0±0.4 × 10 to 2.3±0.5×10³ cfu ml/sup -1/ for streptomycin, respectively. Of the sixty isolates, 90% were Gram negative. Dominant genera by 16S rDNA analysis were identified Aeromonas spp. (14 strains), Bacillus spp. (6 strains), Enterobacter spp. (4 strains), and Stenotrophomonas spp. (6 strains). These strains were clustered into 12 groups based on relatedness by average linkage method. Of the 60 isolates, 85% had the resistance to ampicilin and 32% were shown resistance to more than 2 kinds of antibiotics.