• 제목/요약/키워드: Advertisement call

검색결과 9건 처리시간 0.026초

Territory Defense Strategy of the Wrinkled Frog, Rana rugosa

  • Park, Shi-Ryong;Cheong, Seokwan
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
    • /
    • 제25권1호
    • /
    • pp.25-28
    • /
    • 2002
  • The advertisement call of anurans functions to attract potential mates. The dominant frequency of an advertisement call is generally getting lower with increased snout-vent length (SVL) of the caller Rana rugosa has an advertisement call tilth a particularly high frequency modulation. We conducted a playback experiment to verify the function of frequency modulation, and investigated the territorial behavior of the frog. The frog has five types of territory defense strategy. Strategy choice depended on the caller's SVL. Small males became satellites or lowered the dominant frequency of their advertisement call, whereas large males actively defended their territory with encounter calls. In response to high frequency (1107 Hz) playback, the frogs lowered their advertisement call frequency, and towered them further in response to the low frequency (1028 Hz) playback. In addition, the number of pulses in a call was increased in response to the playback. These results indicate that the frog avoids physical conflict with competitors by selecting a territory defense strategy suitable for the caller's size, and by lowering its call frequency to disguise its SVL.

한국에 서식하는 청개구리(Genus Hyla)의 소리 유형에 대한 분류 (The classification of Call Types in Genus Hyla in Habitats Around south Korea)

  • 박시룡;천세민양서영
    • 한국동물학회지
    • /
    • 제39권2호
    • /
    • pp.207-214
    • /
    • 1996
  • Five call types of the genus Hyla in habitats around South Korea were classified according to some attributes of their advertisement calls (note duration, note intenral, dominant frequency, sonagram patterns. Among the call types, the E-type was more distinctive than the other call types in that it had a metal sound and much longer note duration and note intenral. This result indicated that some divergence had occurred in the advertisement call of the genus Hylo, though this was found in alimited number of regions and its occurrence was small.

  • PDF

Plasticity of Mating Calls in Hyla Japonica (Amphibia: Hylidae)

  • Kyu-Bom Park;Jae Chun Choe
    • Animal cells and systems
    • /
    • 제2권4호
    • /
    • pp.463-469
    • /
    • 1998
  • Hyla japonica males were observed to produce two distinctively different types of mating calls: advertisement call to attract conspecific females and encounter call to keep off potential competitor males. Whereas advertisement calls were organized in bouts of calls or notes, encounter calls were usually produced as separate calls. Encounter calls were much longer and had more pulses per call than advertisement calls. However dominant frequencies or pitches of the two calls did not differ significantly. Hyla Japonica males exhibited considerable plasticity in their calling behavior. They altered both qualitative and quantitative properties of their calls in response to other calling males. Sometimes, they even switched from producing advertisement calls to encounter calls. Advertisement calls produced by chorusing males were shorter in duration and thus move calls per bout than those produced by lone males. Males also produced much lower-pitched calls when calling together with other males. Considering that low pitch calls are often Highly correlated with body size, it is possible that H. japonica males may try to generate deceptive calls to indicate the size greater than the actual.

  • PDF

이동통신 환경 하에서의 고객관계관리를 위한 지역광고 추천 모형 (Location-based Advertisement Recommendation Model for Customer Relationship Management under the Mobile Communication Environment)

  • 안현철;한인구;김경재
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
    • /
    • 제16권4호
    • /
    • pp.239-254
    • /
    • 2006
  • Location-based advertising or application has been one of the drivers of third-generation mobile operators' marketing efforts in the past few years. As a result, many studies on location-based marketing or advertising have been proposed for recent several years. However, these approaches have two common shortcomings. First. most of them just suggested the theoretical architectures, which were too abstract to apply it to the real-world cases. Second, many of these approaches only consider service provider (seller) rather than customers (buyers). Thus, the prior approaches fit to the automated sales or advertising rather than the implementation of CRM. To mitigate these limitations, this study presents a novel advertisement recommendation model for mobile users. We call our model MAR-CF (Mobile Advertisement Recommender using Collaborative Filtering). Our proposed model is based on traditional CF algorithm, but we adopt the multi-dimensional personalization model to conventional CF for enabling location-based advertising for mobile users. Thus, MAR-CF is designed to make recommendation results for mobile users by considering location, time, and needs type. To validate the usefulness of our recommendation model. we collect the real-world data for mobile advertisements, and perform an empirical validation. Experimental results show that MAR-CF generates more accurate prediction results than other comparative models.

신문광고 헤드라인 서체 활용사례 연구 (A Study on Utilization of Fonts for Headline of Newspaper Advertising)

  • 김영국;원종윤
    • 디자인학연구
    • /
    • 제19권5호
    • /
    • pp.95-104
    • /
    • 2006
  • 수많은 정보들 중에서도 특히 광고는 기업 혹은 단체에서 목적 달성을 위해 치밀한 계획 하에 많은 자금을 투자하여 만드는 정보이다. 헤드라인을 완성하면 광고의 80%를 완성한 것과 마찬가지라는 데이비드 오길비(David Ogilvy)의 말처럼 인쇄광고에서 헤드라인은 광고의 다른 어떤 구성요소들 보다 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 따라서 헤드라인을 작성할 때에는 무의식적으로 시선을 끌 수 있는 감성적인 부분까지 고려해야하므로 헤드라인 서체 선정의 중요성은 가중된다. 많은 학자들이 타이포그래피를 frozen sound또는 written sound라고 한다. 이는 타이포그래피는 이미 하나의 letter의 역할을 뛰어넘어 문자에 감성을 불어 넣는 역할을 하기 때문이다. 광고 제작 시 적절한 헤드라인 서체 선정은 커뮤니케이션과정에서 리스크를 줄일 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 합리적 디자인의 도출로 연결되어 광고주와 광고 수용자에게 만족을 부여한다. 그러나 광고. 제작 시 최적의 헤드라인 서체를 선정하기 위한 의사결정 방법은 그리 많지 않은 실정이다. 본고에서는 2005년 1월$\sim$3월까지의 신문광고 헤드라인 서체 사용 경향을 파악하였고, 그 결과 헤드라인 서체의 사용이 특정한 몇 가지 서체에 치우쳐져 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 수용자들의 서체 사용에 대한 인식과 서체 환경이 많이 변화하고 있음을 지적하면서 객관적이고 체계적인 서체 활용 시스템의 필요성을 제안 한다.

  • PDF

무선망에서 데이터 전송 향상을 위한 SCTP SNOOP 적용 연구 (A Study on Application SCTP SNOOP for Improving a Data Transmission in Wireless Network)

  • 황은아;송복섭;김정호
    • 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국콘텐츠학회 2007년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
    • /
    • pp.126-129
    • /
    • 2007
  • 최근 유무선 혼합망의 사용이 증가됨에 따라 무선망의 핸드오프, 경로 손실, 페이딩, 등과 같은 전송 오류의 원인을 개선하기 위한 연구가 전개되고 있다. 유선의 신뢰성을 보장하는 표준 TCP, SCTP를 무선망에 적용하는 것은 혼잡제어, 흐름제어의 메커니즘을 적용함으로써 데이터 전송의 효율을 저하시킨다. 본 연구는 무선망에서 SCTP를 적용하기 위해서 SCTP와 SNOOP을 혼합하는 것으로, 무선망에서 전송오류가 발생했을 때 BS의 동작과정을 개선한 것이다. BS(Basic Station : 기지국)는 전송오류 시 ZWP(Zero Window Probe)를 MN(Mobile Node:이동노드)에게 보내어 경로와 상태를 확인하고 RWND를 갱신하여 에러상태를 확인한다. 그리고 새로운 경로를 선택하고, FH(Fixed Host : 고정호스트)에게는 ZWA(Zero Window Advertisement)를 보내어 혼잡제어나, 흐름제어 메커니즘을 호출하는 것을 방지하고 대기상태로 기다리게 한다. 무선망의 연결이 안정된 후에 데이터 전송을 함으로써 데이터의 전송 효율을 약 10% 향상한다.

  • PDF

센서 네트워크에서 다수의 이동 싱크로의 에너지 효율적인 데이터 전파에 관한 연구 (Proactive Data Dissemination Protocol on Distributed Dynamic Sink Mobility Management in Sensor Networks)

  • 황광일;엄두섭;허경
    • 한국통신학회논문지
    • /
    • 제31권9B호
    • /
    • pp.792-802
    • /
    • 2006
  • In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient proactive data dissemination protocol with relatively low delay to cope well with highly mobile sink environments in sensor networks. In order for a dissemination tree to continuously pursue a dynamic sink, we exploit two novel algorithms: forward sink advertisement and distributed fast recovery. In our protocol, the tree is shared with the other slave sinks so that we call it Dynamic Shared Tree (DST) protocol. DST can conserve considerable amount of energy despite maintaining robust connection from all sources to sinks, since tree maintenance of DST is accomplished by just distributed local exchanges. In addition, since the DST is a kindof sink-oriented tree, each source on the DST disseminates data with lower delay along the tree and it also facilitates in-network processing. Through simulations, it is shown that the presented DST is considerably energy-efficient, robust protocol with low delay compared to Directed Diffusion, TTDD, and SEAD, in highly mobile sink environment.

농업기계 단기임대사업의 효율적 운영을 위한 실태조사 연구 (Status survey on short-term agricultural machinery rental system for efficient operation)

  • 홍순중;허윤근;정선옥;신승엽
    • 농업과학연구
    • /
    • 제38권3호
    • /
    • pp.583-591
    • /
    • 2011
  • Status survey on short-term agricultural machinery rental business was conducted to provide basic data for effective and sustainable implementation of the rental system. Selected survey samples were 34 rental management institutions such as city and county level government offices and agricultural technology development centers, and Primary Agricultural Cooperatives. Survey was conducted through mailing of questionnaire papers and direct interviews with the officers in charge of the agricultural machinery short-term rental management. Number of agricultural machinery retained by the 34 management institutions for the machinery rental business was 3,699, and numbers of the machinery were 1630 for upland crops, 929 for rice, 542 for orchard farming, 274 for animal husbandry, and 324 for common use. Regarding size of warehouse for rental agricultural machinery, 50% of the institutes were less than 660 $m^2$, 26.5% were greater than 993 $m^2$, and 23.5% were between 663 and 990 $m^2$. Institutes maintaining machinery washing facilities were only 10 (29%) among the 34 rental management institutions. Agricultural machinery rental business was advertised to farmers by 91% of the institutes, and the methods were leaflet (35.2%), village broadcasting (26.5%), call-up education (23.6%), and TV and radio (14.7%). Major contents of the advertisement were rental procedure (52.9%), rental machinery (26.5%), and rental cost (20.6%).

미술교육에 있어서 시각적 미디어를 통한 조형교육에 관한 연구 (Visual Media Education in Visual Arts Education)

  • 박지숙
    • 조형예술학연구
    • /
    • 제7권
    • /
    • pp.64-104
    • /
    • 2005
  • Visual media transmits image and information reproduced in large quantities, such as a photography, film, television, video, advertisement, or computer image. Correspondence to the students' reception and recognition of culture in the future. arrangements for the field of studies of visual culture. 'Visual Culture' implies cultural phenomena of visual images via visual media, which includes not only the categories of traditional arts like a painting, sculpture, print, or design, but the performance arts including a fashion show or parade of carnival, and the mass and electronic media like a photography, film, television, video, advertisement, cartoon, animation, or computer image. In the world of visual media, Image' functions as an essential medium of communication. Therefore, people call the culture of today fra of Image Culture', which has been converted from an alphabet convergence era to an image convergence one. Image, via visual media, has become a dominant means for communication in large part of human life, so we can designate an Image' as a typical aspect of visual culture today. Image, as an essential medium of communication, plays an important role in contemporary society. The one way is the conversion of analogue image like an actual picture, photograph, or film into digital one through the digitalization of digital camera or scanner as 'an analogue/digital commutator'. The other is a way of process with a computer drawing, or modeling of objects. It is appropriate to the production of pictorial and surreal images. Digital images, produced by the other, can be divided into the form of Pixel' and form of Vector'. Vector is a line linking the point of departure to the point of end, which organizes informations. Computer stores each line's standard location and correlative locations to one another Digital image shows for more 'Perfectness' than any other visual media. Digital image has been evolving in the diverse aspects, such as a production of geometrical or organic image compositing, interactive art, multimedia art, or web art, which has been applied a computer as an extended trot of painting. Someone often interprets digitalized copy with endless reproduction of original even as an extension of a print. Visual af is no longer a simple activity of representation by a painter or sculptor, but now is intimately associated with a matter of application of media. There is some problem in images via visual media. First, the image via media doesn't reflect a reality as it is, but reflects an artificial manipulated world, that is, a virtual reality. Second, the introduction of digital effect and the development of image processing technology have enhanced a spectacle of destructive and violent scenes. Third, a child intends to recognize the interactive images of computer game and virtual reality as a reality, or truth. Education needs not only to point out an ill effect of mass media and prevent the younger generation from being damaged by it, but also to offer a knowledge and know-how to cope actively with social, cultural circumstances. Visual media education is one of these essential methods for the contemporary and future human being in the overflowing of image informations. The fosterage of 'Visual Literacy' can be considered as a very purpose of visual media education. This is a way to lead an individual to the discerning, active consumer and producer of visual media in life as far as possible. The elements of 'Visual Literacy' can be divided into a faculty of recognition related to the visual media, a faculty of critical reception, a faculty of appropriate application, a faculty of active work and a faculty of creative modeling, which are promoted at the same time by the education of 'visual literacy'. In conclusion, the education of 'Visual Literacy' guides students to comprehend and discriminate the visual image media carefully, or receive them critically, apply them properly, or produce them creatively and voluntarily. Moreover, it leads to an artistic activity by means of new media. This education can be approached and enhanced by the connection and integration with real life. Visual arts and education of them play an important role in the digital era depended on visual communications via image information. Visual me야a of day functions as an essential element both in daily life and in arts. Students can soundly understand visual phenomena of today by means of visual media, and apply it as an expression tool of life culture as well. A new recognition and valuation visual image and media education is required to cultivate the capability of active, upright dealing with the changes of history of civilization. 1) Visual media education helps to cultivate a sensibility for images, which reacts to and deals with the circumstances. 2) It helps students to comprehend the contemporary arts and culture via new media. 3) It supplies a chance of students' experiencing a visual modeling by means of new media. 4) There are educational opportunities of images with temporality and spaciality, and therefore a discerning person becomes to increase. 5) The modeling activity via new media leads students to be continuously interested in the school and production of plastic arts. 6) It raises the ability of visual communications dealing with image information society. 7) An education of digital image is significant in respect of cultivation of man of talent for the future society of image information as well. To correspond to the changing and developing social, cultural circumstances, and the form and recognition of students' reception of them, visual arts education must arrange the field of studying on a new visual culture. Besides, a program needs to be developed, which is in more systematic and active level in relation to visual media education. Educational contents should be extended to the media for visual images, that is, photography, film, television, video, computer graphic, animation, music video, computer game and multimedia. Every media must be separately approached, because they maintain the modes and peculiarities of their own according to the conveyance form of message. The concrete and systematic method of teaching and the quality of education must be researched and developed, centering around the development of a course of study. Teacher's foundational capability of teaching should be cultivated for the visual media education. In this case, it must be paid attention to the fact that a technological level of media is considered as a secondary. Because school education doesn't intend to train expert and skillful producers, but intends to lay stress on the essential aesthetic one with visual media under the social and cultural context, in respect of a consumer including a man of culture.

  • PDF