• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.259-262
• /
• 2009

Focal adnexal dysplasia(FAD) is a rare non-neoplastic lesion of adnexal appendages that occurs in dogs and has good prognosis. We report a case in which FAD diagnosis was favored by its histopathological features. A 8-year-old, castrated male American cocker spaniel dog presented with papillomatous masses on the distal phalanx of left forelimb. Histopathologically, the stroma was sharply demarcated from the adjacent dermis and subcutis. The adnexa was surrounded and interspersed with abundant, hyalinized collagen and the numerous sebaceous lobules distributed haphazardly around hair follicles, which is thickened, dilated and tortuous with abundant keratin. Epidermis was acanthotic. Proliferative lesions of the skin region are very common with similar gross features, thus the basic histopathological examination supported by additional diagnostic methods allow to establish the definitive diagnosis in most cases of cutaneous tumor or tumor-like lesions. And it is important that physicians and pathologists are aware of this unusual tumour-like nonneoplastic lesion.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권20호
• /
• pp.8647-8650
• /
• 2014

Background: Ovarian cancer is the most common cancer cause of gynecologic cancer deaths. In order to increase the likelihood of patient survival through primary operation by gyneco-oncologists, an appropriate algorithm for referral is considered here. Materials and Methods: Suspicious adnexal mass cases including ovarian malignancy probability score-1 (OMPS1) scores between 2.3-3.65 are re-evaluated by OMPS2. Sensitivity and specificity of each score were determined. Results: Sensitivity and specificity with a 3.82 score of OMPS2 in the studied subgroup (OMPS1 scores between 2.3-3.65) were 64% and 76.9% respectively. Conclusions: Management of OMPS1 scores of below 2.3 with sensitivity of 100% and above 3.65 with specificity of 72.9% is clear. In the subgroup of cases with OMPS1 score between 2.3-3.65, OMPS2 is helpful for triage with a cutoff score of 3.82.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.22-27
• /
• 2014

Background: Dermoid cysts of the auricular area are extremely rare. We report on six cases of auricular dermoid and epidermoid cyst, and differentiate dermoid cyst from epidermal cyst along with a review of the literature. Methods: Three cases involved a gradually enlarging mass of the superior and anterior aspect of the helix of their ear. Another two cases were located in the posterior aspect of the ear. Results: During the operation, a tumor was found just under the skin, not fixed mastoid or adjacent cartilage. Histologically, all specimens contained desquamated squamous epithelium and keratin in the lumen. However, two cases of posterior masses showed the presence of adnexal structures and three cases did not. Conclusion: A key in diagnosis of the dermoid cyst is the presence of adnexal structures. If the wall does not bear adnexal structures, the term epidermoid or keratin cyst is applied. Acquired cysts are most commonly of traumatic origin and result from an implantation or downward displacement of an epidermal fragment. Finally, the congenital epidermoid cyst grew at the upper part of the auricle; however, the dermoid cyst grew at the lower and posterior part of the auricle.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.46-52
• /
• 2002

Whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with 18-F deoxyglucose (FDG) is a molecular imaging modality that detects metabolic alteration in tumor cells. In various human cancers, FDG-PET shows a potential clinical benefit in screening, tumor characterization, staging, therapeutic follow-up and detecting recurrence. In gynecologic cancers, FDG-PET is also known to be effective in characterization of adnexal masses, detection of recurrence, and lymph node invasion. This review discusses the clinical feasibility and future clinical application of this imaging modality in patients with cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and other gynecologic cancers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.2037-2041
• /
• 2015

Background: Relationships between poor prognosis of ovarian malignancies and changes in complete blood count parameters have been proposed previously. In this work, we aimed to evaluate clinicopathologic features in adolescents with adnexal masses and sought to establish any predictive value of the platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in diagnosis. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 196 adolescent females with adnexal masses. Three groups were constituted with respect to clinical or histopathology results: group 1, non-neoplastic patients (n:65); group 2, neoplastic patients (n:68); and group 3 expectantly managed patients (n:63). The main parameters recorded from the hospital database and patient files were age, body mass index (BMI), chief symptoms, diameter of the mass (DOM), tumor marker levels, complete blood count values including absolute neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, and platecrit, surgical features, and postoperative histopathology results. Results: The expectantly managed patients were younger than the other groups (p=0.007). The mean body mass index (BMI) was higher in the neoplastic group (p=0.016). Preoperative DOM, CA125, mean platelet volume and PLR were statistically significantly different between the groups (p<0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that increased PLR (AUC, 0.609; p=0.011) and BMI (AUC, 0.611; p=0.011) may be discriminative factors in predicting ovarian neoplasms in adolescents preoperatively. When the cut-off point for the PLR level was set to 140, the sensitivity and specificity levels were found to be 65.7% and 57.6%, respectively. Conclusions: We suggest that beside a careful preoperative evaluation including clinical characteristics, ultrasonographic features and tumor markers, PLR may predict ovarian neoplasms in adolescents.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권16호
• /
• pp.6881-6885
• /
• 2014

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the utility and importance of the various parameters of complete blood count panel for benign-malignant differentiation of adnexal masses. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved 316 patients with documented benign and 253 patients with malignant adnexal masses who underwent primary surgical treatment at a tertiary referral center. Prior to the study, all benign and malignant cases were compared within their own groups and then the benign and malignant cases were compared to each other. For all cases, cut-off, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet and CA-125 parameters, and the results were compared in regards to the groups. Results: NLR, PLR, neutrophil, CA-125, and platelet values were higher in the malignant compared to the benign cases (p<0.01). The lymphocyte value was lower in the malignant cases (p<0.01). No significant differences were found for basophils and eosinophils (p > 0.05). For CA-125, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for all cases were 78%, 62%, 62% and 78%, respectively. For NLR, they were 65.6%, 72.1%, 65.3%, and 72.3%, and for PLR, 48%, 81%, 67%, and 66%. Additionally, the sensitivity and specificity were 55% and 77% for CA-125, 66% and 58% for NLR, and 61% and 58% for PLR in early malignant cases. Conclusions: NLR and PLR appear to be useful methods that can be applied together with CA-125 due to the relatively high sensitivity values for the malign-benign differentiation of ovarian masses. Although the specificity of these parameters is lower than CA-125, especially in cases with early malignant ovarian pathology, their sensitivity being higher is promising for the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. It can be used to detect ovarian malignancies in the early stages, and it will increase the treatment options and improve survival rates.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권15호
• /
• pp.6239-6241
• /
• 2014

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting malignancy of pelvic masses which are pre-operatively malignant suspicious. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study we evaluated the clinical features of patients with ovarian masses which had pre-operatively been considered suspicious for malignancy. The patients whose intraoperative frozen sections were malign were classified as the study group, while those who had benign masses were the control group. Data recorded were age of the patient, diameter of the mass, pre-operative serum Ca 125 levels, platelet count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio. Results: There was statistically significantly difference between the groups in terms of age, diameter of the mass, serum Ca 125 levels, platelet number and platelet/lymphocyte ratio. Mean neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios showed no difference between the groups. ROC curve analysis showed that age, serum Ca 125 levels, platelet number and PLR were discriminative markers in predicting malignancy in adnexal masses. Conclusions: According to the current study, serum Ca 125 levels, pre-operative platelet number and PLR may be good prognostic factors, while NLR is an ineffective marker in predicting the malignant characteristics of a pelvic mass.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권9호
• /
• pp.5409-5413
• /
• 2013

Background: To assess the accuracy of ultrasound in differentiating endometrioma from ovarian cancer and to describe pattern recognition for atypical endometriomas mimicking ovarian cancers. Materials and Methods: Patients scheduled for elective surgery for adnexal masses were sonographically evaluated for endometrioma within 24 hours of surgery. All examinations were performed by the same experienced sonographer, who had no any information of the patients, to differentiate between endometriomas and non-endometriomas using a simple rule (classic ground-glass appearance) and subjective impression (pattern recognition). The final diagnosis as a gold standard relied on either pathological or post-operative findings. Results: Of 638 patients available for analysis, 146 were proven to be endometriomas. Of them, the simple rule and subjective impression could sonographically detect endometriomas with sensitivities of 64.4% (94/146) and 89.7% (131/146), respectively. Of 52 endometriomas with false negative tests by the simple rule, 13 were predicted as benign masses and 39 were mistaken for malignancy. Solid masses and papillary projections were the most common forms mimicking ovarian cancer, consisting of 38.5% of the missed diagnoses. However, with pattern recognition (subjective impression), 32 from 39 cases mimicking ovarian cancer were correctly predicted for endometriomas. All endometriomas subjectively predicted for ovarian malignancy were associated with high vascularization in the solid masses. Conclusions: Pattern recognition of endometriomas by subjective assessment had a higher sensitivity than the simple rule in characterization of endometriomas. Most endometriomas mimicking ovarian malignancy could be correctly predicted by subjective impression based on familiarity of pattern recognition.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.361-364
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor derived from the adnexal epithelium of sebaceous glands. This tumor usually occurs on the eyelids, but uncommonly it may occur on the extraocular sites. It is characterized by a tendency of local recurrence and occasional metastasis. Surgical excision is appropriate treatment for patients with sebaceous carcinoma. Because this kind of case is rare, we report two cases of sebaceous carcinoma developed on scalp. Methods: Case 1 was a 69 - year - old woman. She visited the hospital with a $1.5{\times}2.5cm$ sized reddish yellow - colored, slowly growing mass on left parietal scalp. The mass began at birth and started growing at 5 years ago. Case 2 was a 67 - year - old woman. She had $2.5{\times}3.0cm$ sized yellow - colored mass on right parietal scalp. It occured at birth and started growing at 3 years ago. And the masses had erythematous ulcer with sanguineous discharge. In the beginning, the masses were miliary nodule. Results: CT scan and fine needle biopsy were done. Case 1 and 2 were diagnosed as sebaceous carcinoma. Wide excision with safety margin of 10 mm and split thickness skin graft was done. Histological examination revealed well demarcated, irregular, variable sized tumor lobules. Each lobule was composed of sebaceous and undifferentiated cells. Postoperatively, the patients did well and the lesion had not recurred. Conclusion: Sebaceous carcinoma is an aggressive malignant tumor. It often can be mistaken for other skin tumors. Authors experienced two rare cases of sebaceous carcinoma developed on scalp. We recommend early wide excision with enough safety margin as treatment of sebaceous carcinoma.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.263-265
• /
• 2010

Echinococcosis is a multisystem disease and has propensity to involve any organ, an unusual anatomical site, and can mimic any disease process. Primary peritoneal echinococcosis is known to occur secondary to hepatic involvement but occasional cases of primary peritoneal hydatid disease including pelvic involvement have also been reported. We report here 1 such case of primary pelvic hydatidosis mimicking a malignant multicystic ovarian tumor where there was no evidence of involvement of the liver or spleen. Our patient, a 27-year-old female, was detected to have a large right cystic adnexal mass on per vaginal examination which was confirmed by ultrasonography. Her biochemical parameters were normal and CA-125 levels, though mildly raised, were below the cut off point. She underwent surgery and on exploratory laparotomy, another cystic mass was found attached to the mesentery of the small gut. The resected cysts were processed histopathologically. On cut sections both large cysts revealed numerous daughter cysts. Microscopic examination of fluid from the cysts revealed free scolices with hooklets and the cyst wall had a typical laminated membrane with inner germinal layer containing degenerated protoplasmic mass. The diagnosis of pelvic hydatid disease was confirmed and patient was managed accordingly. Hydatid disease must be considered while making the differential diagnosis of pelvic cystic masses, especially in endemic areas.