This study is aiming to present administrative guiding principles and suggestions to find methods to improve and bring up the ethic code of business of aligned companies, by examining how the factors of union of relations depending on characteristics of business, influence outcome of aligned companies, under the circumstances where efforts to improve outcome of aligned company through dealing relation between a mother company and the aligned company. First of all, as a result of analyzing how the characteristics of business have an influence on the relational union, it is shown that characteristics of product, peculiar assets of business, and opportunistic dispositive factors have an influence on reliance and devotion which are relation uniting factors. Under the actively changing circumstances, in order that the manufacturing companies can have a competitiveness, it can be said that shortening of developing period of new products, reduction of manufacturing and operating cost, and improvement of quality and productivity are compulsory factors. This can be achieved by having close relations with aligned companies which provide with parts and materials. As a result of analyzing how relational uniting factors like reliance and devotion influence business outcome of aligned companies. it is found that both reliance and devotion influence administrative outcome, although it is shown that they do not influence economic results such as reduction of cost. Therefore, it can be said that the mutual cooperation is required to increase mutual reliance and devotion, since increase of reliance and devotion are compulsory factors for efficient development of companies where a mother company and the aligned companies coexist, since they ease uncertainty in dealings, and devise administrative outcome.
This study focused on the crisis of local private broadcasting and political solution. The local private broadcasting has launched in 1995. Until now, local private broadcasting is successful in stable management and ensuring profit but it is attributed to a role of transmission pipe of SBS. However, this kind of syndication system has been a major problem of local private broadcasting and local private broadcasting has become weak and weak from outside impact. Presently broadcasting market has been changed very fast. It enters into unlimited competition era of multimedia and multichannel. However, especially local private broadcasting has both of public and private characteristics. Thus, local private broadcasting should not be hung by the wall any more. In this study administrative outcome of local private broadcasting will be analyzed and some hot political issues will be analyzed also then the political solution might be looked up at the same time. Now local private broadcasting also should be changed to totally new broadcasting company pursuing creative local contents and new digital concept.
Objective : Several studies have reported inconsistent findings among countries on whether off-hour hospital presentation is associated with worse outcome in patients with acute stroke. However, its association is yet not clear and has not been thoroughly studied in Korea. We assessed nationwide administrative data to verify off-hour effect in different subtypes of acute stroke in Korea. Methods : We respectively analyzed the nationwide administrative data of National Emergency Department Information System in Korea; 7144 of ischemic stroke (IS), 2424 of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and 1482 of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), respectively. "Off-hour hospital presentation" was defined as weekends, holidays, and any times except 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM on weekdays. The primary outcome measure was in-hospital mortality in different subtypes of acute stroke. We adjusted for covariates to influence the primary outcome using binary logistic regression model and Cox's proportional hazard model. Results : In subjects with IS, off-hour hospital presentation was associated with unfavorable outcome (24.6% off hours vs. 20.9% working hours, p<0.001) and in-hospital mortality (5.3% off hours vs. 3.9% working hours, p=0.004), even after adjustment for compounding variables (hazard ratio [HR], 1.244; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.106-1.400; HR, 1.402; 95% CI, 1.124-1.747, respectively). Off-hours had significantly more elderly ≥65 years (35.4% off hours vs. 32.1% working hours, p=0.029) and significantly more frequent intensive care unit admission (32.5% off hours vs. 29.9% working hours, p=0.017) than working hours. However, off-hour hospital presentation was not related to poor short-term outcome in subjects with ICH and SAH. Conclusion : This study indicates that off-hour hospital presentation may lead to poor short-term morbidity and mortality in patients with IS, but not in patients with ICH and SAH in Korea. Excessive death seems to be ascribed to old age or the higher severity of medical conditions apart from that of stroke during off hours.
An outcome-based curriculum is perceived to be one alternative educational approach in medical education. Nonetheless, it is difficult for curriculum developers to convert from traditional curriculum to an outcome-based curriculum because research documenting its development process is rare. Therefore, this study aims to introduce the development process and method of outcome-based curriculum. For the purpose of this study, we used diverse data analyses, such as an existing literature search, development model analysis, and case analysis. We identified five phases from the analysis. First, the curriculum developers analyze the physician's job or a high performer in a medical situation. Second, curriculum developers extract outcomes and competencies through developing a curriculum, affinity diagraming, and critical incident interviews. Third, curriculum developers determine the proficiency levels of each outcome and competency evaluation methods. Fourth, curriculum developers conduct curriculum mapping with outcomes and competencies. Fifth, curriculum developers develop an educational system. Also, it is important to develop an assessment system for the curriculum implementation in the process of developing the outcome-based curriculum. An outcome-based curriculum influences all the people concerned with education in a medical school including the professors, students, and administrative staff members. Therefore, curriculum developers should consider not only performance assessment tools for the students but also assessment indicators for checking curriculum implementation and managing curriculum quality.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the causes of the retardation of administrative relief under the Special Act on Remedy for Damages Caused by Humidifier Disinfectant and to suggest the systematic refurbishment of this act for the quick and fair of relief of damages. Methods: This study was conducted through the application of the case study, literature review and systematic interpretation of law methods. Results: The disease subject to administrative relief under the Special Act is defined as health damage causally associated to a substantial degree with exposure to humidifier disinfectant. This definition is a strict requirement in light of the legislative purpose of prompt and fair relief of damages. Furthermore, the damage relief committee established under the Special Act judged causal relationships according to a rigorous standard in terms of medical certainty. This medical evidence-based judgment is a result of the committee's failure to understand the normative meaning and function of a causal relationship as an outcome of inference based on empirical rules and common sense. Conclusions: Humidifier disinfectant health damage should be defined as a health-related injury capable of occurring or deteriorating after exposure to humidifier disinfectant (HD). If the fact that a particular injury occurred or worsened after exposure to HD was found, then the damage can be presumed as being caused by HD. However, this might not be the case when the injury was considered to have occurred or been exacerbated entirely due to other factors.
Kwon, Chul Hwan;Jo, Dong Hyuk;Mariano, Hugo Guimaraes
KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
/
v.14
no.8
/
pp.3457-3472
/
2020
The rapid change in the financial market has led to a shift to relationship marketing, which emphasizes relationships with existing customers rather than creating new ones. Therefore, to achieve competitive advantage in the market, assessing service quality and relationship quality has become an important tool for financial institutions. The widely applied five dimension model has shown problems of dimensions overlapping and blurring with each other, which results in the lack in providing the marketer with practical administrative implications. Therefore, a three dimensional model, composed of interaction quality, physical environment quality and outcome quality, that could be applied in general to various service industries and, at the same time, categorized into service quality dimensions that are not ambiguous for marketers to manage has been utilized. As a result, in the case of Korean consumers, interaction quality, physical environment quality, and outcome quality were shown to have positive effects on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. For Brazilian consumers, physical environment quality and outcome quality were shown to have positive effects on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Also, a median effect of customer satisfaction was found. This paper reviews the concept and dimensions of service quality and relationship quality, as well as verifying the structural relationship between the two variables through empirical analysis. Through the results of the analysis, the paper compares the differences between two distinctive countries and present theoretical and academic implications.
Purpose: The objectives of this study was to measure the outcomes of interventions on the health and social welfare of the elderly in a rural community in Korea. The project involved integrating services of one public health center with that of one social welfare agency, which were under different administrative structures. Method: A single group pretest-posttest design was used for this research. Seventy-five elderly residents living alone in a rural community participated in the study. All of them had coverage of free basic medical care and social welfare services by the government. Major activities for the intervention included: developing partnerships among community leaders/institutes; forming committees of community residents; educating care providers and volunteers; developing 8 integrated service programs and instruments; and organizing the networks. The 20-month intervention was care-managed by a public health nurse whom collaborated with social worker, and was assisted by volunteers. The t-test was utilized to analyze the outcome variables including the elder's health, social welfare and quality of life. A major limitation of this study was the lack of a control group. Results: The outcome of the intervention was shown by improved elder's health, social welfare needs, and quality of life. Integrating the services of public health centers with those of social welfare agencies is an effective way to improve the health of the elderly in the community. Conclusion: Developing community capacity with such integrated services will pay an important role in improving the health of the elderly who live alone.
This paper focuses on the outcome-based curriculum of Inje University College of Medicine to describe our curriculum development process and results. Starting in 2006, we have revised the curriculum based on the competency-based clinical presentation curriculum. We stated clearly the learning outcomes from the social needs and educational goal of our university. We defined 8 exit outcomes and specified phase outcomes, course outcomes, lesson outcomes, and outcome objectives. By 2012, we identified 128 clinical presentations and 149 basic scientific concepts. Various evaluation and assessment methods and teaching-learning strategies were assigned to each outcome. Problem-based learning, standardized patient practice, and learning portfolios are the main strategies of our curriculum. We have performed a progress test to assess the level of achievement of students' outcomes. We have also collected feedback from students and faculty members about the curriculum, including every lesson, course, and the overall curriculum. To maintain this change of the curriculum, we reorganized the curriculum committee, educational faculty and teams, and administrative support system. To fine tune this curriculum, we have held three 3-day workshops on curriculum development and weekly meetings. We believe this is just the beginning of developing the curriculum of Inje University. Further upgrades will be necessary to continue to improve medical education.
Interim analyses of randomized trials enable investigators to make more efficient use of limited research resources and to satisfy ethical requirements that a regimen be discontinued as soon as it has been established to have an inferior efficacy/toxicity profile. Unfortunately. the integrity and credibility of these trials can be compromised if inappropriate procedures are used in monitoring interim data. 'In this paper we discuss how group sequential designs provide useful guidelines that enable one to satisfy the valid objectives of interim monitoring while avoiding undesirable consequences, and we consider how flexible one can be in the way such designs are implemented. We also provide motivation for the role of data-monitoring committees in preserving study integrity and credibility in either government- or industry-sponsored trials. In our view. these committees should have multidisciplinary representation and membership limited to individuals free of apparent significant conflict of interest, and ideally should be the only individuals to whom the data analysis center provides interim results on relative efficacy of treatment regimens. Finally. we discuss some important practical issues such as estimation following group sequential testing, anal ysis of secondary outcomes after using a group sequential design applied to a primary outcome, early stopping of negative trials. and the role of administrative analyses.
This study purports to investigate the determinants of patient satisfaction and intent to revisit at national university hospitals in Korea. A total of 8 independent variables for outpatients, 9 independent variables for inpatients, and an intervening variable of overall patient satisfaction were selected through literature review. The independent variables for outpatients contain the level of satisfaction with physicians, nurses, ancillary staff, administrative procedure, medical cost, physical environment, facility convenience. and health recovery. With regard to the independent variables for inpatients, the quality of ward services was added to those of outpatients. Each variable contains 3 to 8 items measuring the level of satisfaction with various aspects of the variable. The sample used in this study consisted of 879 outpatients and 821 inpatients. Data were collected with interview survey and analyzed using path analysis. The major findings of the study are as follows: 1) The following variables have significantly positive effect on the intent to revisit of outpatients: health recovery, overall satisfaction, satisfaction with physicians, and ancillary staff. 2) The following variables have significantly positive effect on the intent to revisit of inpatients: health recovery, satisfaction with nurses and physicians, overall satisfaction, and administrative procedure. 3) The following variables of admission procedure, satisfaction with ancillary staff, facility convenience, quality of ward services were found to have significantly positive effect only on the level of overall satisfaction, even though they do not have significant total effect on the intent to revisit. The results of the study indicate that national university hospitals in Korea should make an effort to improve the satisfactory level of patients with clinical outcome, services provided by physicians, nurses, and ancillary staff, and the quality of administrative procedure for enhancing the intent to revisit of patients.
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