• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.37-47
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• 2006

The conservation or practical use of a lot of closed schools which occurred from 1982 all over the country by governmental policy has been becoming important concerns to local resident and community with economical and administrative interest. A lot of examples, sold or rented to public institutions or a person, which have been using by welfare facilities for inhabitants, facilities for education, youth, company, culture and art, and other use, could be found. It could be said that the process of user's participation of these examples is very high, that is, a lot of examples of our surrounding is applied with ecological concept have participated by most users and local residents directly to architectural repair and renewal process, and practical use. In this background, I choose total five examples more than one by Chungbuk, Chungnam, Jeonbuk, Jeonnam district to investigate examples of closed schools applied ecological architectural concept and I researched reconfiguration of site, change of exterior or interior material, application of ecological system, and role as local community.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.37-43
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• 2018

This paper measures and maps multi-dimensional residential segregation of immigrants in Seoul metropolitan area at city/county/district level as well as town level, thereby adding to our understanding of the urban structure and its spatial distribution impacted by immigration. The perspective offered here focuses on the segregation spurred by transnational migrants and their urban settlement. By drawing population data for 79 city/county/district administrative units from the Korea Immigration Service, residential segregation of immigrants in Seoul metropolitan area is measured based on Massey & Denton's four segregation indices: evenness, exposure, concentration and clustering. The empirical findings suggest that Seoul metropolitan area is highly segregated and the areas showing hyper-segregation appear in Seoul city and Gyeonggi province. As immigrants are foreseen to continue to increase in the future, this research contributes both empirically and theoretically to preliminary research on spatial segregation of immigrants by showing how ethnic places are segregated spatially through ethnic networks that support the geographic concentration of minority groups.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.5-14
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• 2016

Purpose - This paper studies if types of markets have an association with several variables such as occupation, district, sales, employee, administrative district by a lessor, area in rental building and so on. Three attributes of markets can be general commercial zones, central commercial zones and traditional markets. Furthermore, we can investigate the degree of association by calculating the numerical strength and visualizing their distances on two-dimensional plane, once the association exists between them. Research design, data, and methodology - This work is performed by the 2013 report presented with Small Businessmen Promotion Institute in Korea and used by a chi-squared test and correspondence analysis by using IBM SPSS 23.0. Results - The results show that types of markets, including traditional markets, have an association with variables considered in this paper, and we can obtain the detailed associations between attributes of corresponding variables by inspecting two-dimensional plane. Conclusions - This study suggests that government authority and local autonomy can make strategies to vitalize traditional markets and to get win-win relationships among several types of markets by looking over our findings.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.14
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• pp.29-38
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• 1994

Neighborhood living boundary plan is offerd amenity living environment to inhabitants. This plan is contained that district unit division, appropriate living facilities disposition, and that one of the urban elementary plan in city political activities. The theme is on the primary School attendanced area in chun-cheon city, and analysis school attendanced area as an administrative district.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.179-191
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• 2006

The authors argue that the current Government Information System for asthmatics appears to be non-user friendly due to lack of the cartographic representation for the text based statistical data. Acknowledging these constraints, an operational, user-friendly map for asthmatic prevalence has been generated by combining existing statistical data with the administrative Dong boundary map under GIS environment. The Geographical User Interface, in particular, were ideally suited to deriving the major distribution patterns that more asthmatic prevalence tends to be occurred on conventional commercial district and industrial complex. A visual map using spatial modelling technology were generated to show the fact that some degree of increasing or decreasing trends of asthmatic prevalence already exists in the experimental sites. It could be used as an evidence to restrict initiation of development activities causing negative influence to asthma such as road construction. The result of this study would play a crucial role in improving the quality of environmental health information service if it is operationally introduced into the Government since the highly user-friendly interface provides a completely new means for disseminating information for asthmatics in a visual and interactive manner to the general public.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.3-31
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• 2019

In order to achieve full-scale economic cooperation between North Korea and South Korea, the Gaesong Industrial Complex should reopen first. In this case, the Inter-Korean commercial arbitration system should be clearly established to effectively resolve the disputes arising in the special economic zones of the Gaesong Industrial Complex. Even though the Inter-Korean Investment Security Agreement, the Agreement on the Resolution of Commercial Disputes between North Korea and South Korea, the Agreement on the Formation and Operation of the Inter-Korean Commercial Arbitration Committee, and the Agreement on the Formation and Operation of the Inter-Korean Commercial Arbitration Committee in the Gaesong Industrial District are in place, specific arbitration procedure is not concretely agreed upon and realized between the two Koreas. Therefore, the realization of commercial arbitration between them led by the Ministry of Unification or the government should be accomplished. In addition, it is necessary to consider the administrative trial or administrative litigation system in order to deal with administrative disputes that are not subject to commercial arbitration. Lastly, discussions on legal integration between the two Koreas should continue, focusing on the special economic zone of the Gaesong Industrial Complex, in order to prevent integration from being hindered by a different culture for a long time.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1215-1224
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• 2021

This research aims to discuss the relationship between the courage, anticipation, and satisfaction comprehensively. This study will be complemented by gratitude as a variable that moderates the relationship between courage and anticipation, as well as the relationship between the courage and satisfaction. The large area as survey location is the reason for sampling conducted in 2 stages: (1) taking 15 districts through judgement sampling, (2) allocated sub-districts sample through proportional random sampling. The sample used in this study were 155 sub-districts in East Java. Respondents in each sub-district consisted of 1 farmer and 1 field extension officer to get a total of 310 respondents. The analysis method used to test the hypothesis was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings of this research are: (1) The courage of field extension officers' have a positive but non-significant direct effect on farmers' anticipation, however, the effect significantly strengthen with religiosity as moderation; (2) The courage of field extension officers' and farmers' anticipation have a significant and positive effect on satisfaction. This study will be complemented by gratitude as a variable that moderates the relationship between the courage and anticipation, as well as the relationship between courage and satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.96-113
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• 2005

The goal of this study is to build the environmental and geographic information system according to the administrative territory in Gyeongbuk province in order to resolve the mismatch between the environment attribute information and geographic information system. In order to do that, this study reviews the characteristics of local geographic information system and environmental attribute information. After that, this paper tries to figure out the way of integration between geographic and environmental informations using the administrative unit code. The result of this study can provide the basic database for building the environmental policy and improve the reality of policy analysis because this method can provide the environmental attribute database with the administrative territory information. And it will contribute to improve the environmental management system and to build the other attribute databases for the local government.

• Survey Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.109-129
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• 2006

This paper describes how the National Statistics Office Prepared Population and Housing Census in 2005. We focus on the methods of identifying living quarters and determining the enumeration districts. In the absence of the supports of the regional administrative offices, caused by the regulation change in 1999, the NSO devised several new techniques, such as using previous census DB, administrative records, GIS, and etc.. However, not-well-organized administrative system of the regional offices, particularly in terms of the use of IT technology, becomes one of the major bottleneck for identifying living quarters. In order for better preparation of Census, we seem to concern about not only the NSO's efforts to improve survey methods, but also the administrative system of the regional offices. This may indicates that we are at the stake of moving towards a more networked administrative system beyond the present organizational boundaries.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.48
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• pp.42-81
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• 2002

This paper examines the level of community solidarity in an administrative district in Seoul, Korea. This paper focuses on the following questions: what is the level of community solidarity in the district? and what are the major predictors of community solidarity?. Using the data from the 2000 community survey about residents' needs conducted by the welfare administration office of the district, this paper attempts to answer the above research questions. In analyzing the effect of community solidarity, this paper focuses on the following four predictor categories: individual characteristics; community related characteristics such as degree of marginalization; community participation, and community problems. Results are as follows: (1) the average of community solidarity is 3.1, using 5 points scale; and (2) the variables such as marginalization and community problem have a negative effect on the level of community solidarity; and (3) community participation has a positive effect on the level of community solidarity. Through the empirical analysis. this paper provides valuable knowledge about the level of community solidarity and effects of community participation, marginalization, and community problem on community solidarity. Finally, this paper discusses implications for effective community practice on the basis of the exploratory findings about community solidarity in Korea.