• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2971-2980
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• 2014

유방암 환자에서 항암 치료가 심혈관질환의 위험에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 2003년 1월부터 2006년 12월까지 1개 대학병원 유방암센터에서 유방암으로 진단 후 수술을 받은 환자 432명을 대상으로 혈청지질과 10년 내 허혈성 심질환 발생예측위험도의 변화를 보조적 항암 치료와 연관하여 조사하였다. 연구결과 총콜레스테롤과 중성지방은 수술 후 2년 및 5년 측정 시점에서 증가했으며 총콜레스테롤은 내분비요법 비시행군이 시행군보다 2년 및 5년경과 후 증가폭이 컸고 중성지방은 내분비요법 치료 유무에 따라 차이가 없었다. 항암 치료 방법에 따른 총콜레스테롤과 중성지방의 변화는 차이가 없었다. 10년 내 허혈성 심질환 발생예측위험도는 기저치보다 치료 5년 후에 0.44%p 위험도가 증가하였다. 유방암 수술 후 항암화학요법, 방사선 및 내분비요법 치료 시 심혈관질환 위험은 심각한 부작용을 발현하고 있지 않은 것으로 나타났으나 내분비요법 약물사용 유무에 의한 혈청 지질 성분 변화에 대해 정기적인 관련 검사 시행되어야 하며, 운동과 영양 관리 등의 다각적인 고려가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.948-954
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• 1992

In spite of recent progress in anticancer chemotherapy, the survival of patients with metastases to the lung treated nonsurgically has been extremely poor. So we adopted more aggressive surgical approaches for the treatment of patients with pulmonary metastases since 1985. We experienced 22 operations of metastatic lung cancer in 19 patients in the department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery in Kosin Medical College since 1985, so we reviewed the results of treatment retrospectively. The results were as follows: 1. The primary organs of metastatic lung cancer were 4 cases in each of the breast, uterus, and extremities, 3 cases in the rectum, 2 cases in the kidney, 1 case in each of the pelvis and liver, and the pathological findings were 13 cases in carcinoma and 6 cases in sarcoma. 2. The treatments for primary lesions were 15 cases of the operations with anticancer chemotherapy or radiation therapy, 2 cases of choriocarcinoma with anticancer chemotherapy only, 1 cases of uterine cervical carcinoma with chemo-radiation therapy, and 1 case of pelvic synovia sarcoma with intra-arterial anticancer chemotherapy. 3. Disease free intrerval were as follows: 7 cases were in 2 years to 4 years, 4 cases were in 1 year to 2 years, and 5 cases were beyond one year, of them one case was discovered primary lesion and metastatic lung tumor concomittently. 3 cases were above 4 years, of them one case of breast cancer were above 13 years especially. 4. The sites of metastatic lung cancer was 15 lesions in the right lung, and 9 lesions in the left lung, And the lobar sites were 10 lesions in the upper lobe, 2 lesions in the middle lobe, and 12 lesions in the lower lobe. 5. The operative methods of metastatic lung cancer were 7 case of partial resection of lung, 12 cases of pulmonary lobectomy, 1 case of pneumonectomy and 1 case of dissection of mediastinal lymph node. 6. The postoperative complications were 1 case of mild respiratory insufficency, 1 cases of pyothorax, and 1 case of urethral stricture. 7. Postoperative adjuvant therapy were as follows: No adjuvant therapy were 4 cases, anti-cancer chemotherapy were 8 cases, radiation therapy was 1 case, and combined with chemo k radiation therapy were 8 cases. 8. The results of long term follow-up were as follows: The 5 patients were died at 2 months, 22 months, 24 months, 32 months, and 49 months postoperatively, so mean survival period was 32 months postoperatively excluding one patient who was died at 2 months postoperatively. And 14 patients are aliving, of them 3 patients are living in recurred state, and the other 11 patients are living without any evidence of recurrence.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2023

Cancer is a global public health issue that becomes the second primary cause of death globally. Considering the side effects of radio- or chemo-therapy, natural phytochemicals are promising alternatives for therapeutic interventions to alleviate the side effects and complications. Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) is the main phytochemical extracted from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer with anticancer activity. GRh2 could induce apoptosis and autophagy of cancer cells and inhibit proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In addition, GRh2 could be used as an adjuvant to chemotherapeutics to enhance the anticancer effect and reverse the adverse effects. Here we summarized the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of GRh2 and proposed future directions to promote the development and application of GRh2.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.12-25
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of the combination treatment of phytochemical resveratrol and the anticancer drug docetaxel (DTX) on prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells, including factors related to detailed cell death mechanisms. MATERIALS/METHODS: Using 2-dimensional monolayer and 3-dimensional spheroid culture systems, we examined the effects of resveratrol and DTX on cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and necroptosis by MTT, flow cytometry, and Western blotting. RESULTS: At concentrations not toxic to normal human prostate epithelial cells, resveratrol effectively decreased the viability of LNCaP cells depending on concentration and time. The combination treatment of resveratrol and DTX exhibited synergistic inhibitory effects on cell growth, demonstrated by an increase in the sub-G0/G1 peak, Annexin V-phycoerythrin positive cell fraction, ROS, mitochondrial dysfunction, and DNA damage response as well as concurrent activation of apoptosis and necroptosis. Apoptosis and necroptosis were rescued by pretreatment with ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine. CONCLUSIONS: We report resveratrol as an adjuvant drug candidate for improving the outcome of treatment in DTX therapy. Although the underlying mechanisms of necroptosis should be investigated comprehensively, targeting apoptosis and necroptosis simultaneously in the treatment of cancer can be a useful strategy for the development of promising drug candidates.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.356-362
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• 2021

An increasing number of studies have revealed an interaction between gut microbiota and tumors. The enrichment of specific bacteria strains in the intestines has been found to modulate tumor growth and influence the mechanisms of tumor treatment. Various bacteria are involved in modulating the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs currently used to treat patients with cancer, and they affect not only gastrointestinal tract tumors but also distant organ tumors. In addition, changes in the gut microbiota are known to be involved in the antitumor immune response as well as the modulation of the intestinal immune system. As a result, the gut microbiota plays an important role in modulating the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Therefore, gut microbiota could be considered as an adjuvant treatment option with other cancer treatment or as another marker for predicting treatment response. In this review, we examine how gut microbiota affects cancer treatments.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.303-316
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• 2020

Objectives: The nutritional status of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy is closely related to the compliance of nutrition education. However, as chemotherapy is conducted repeatedly, compliance with nutrition management is lowered, leading to malnutrition. Malnutrition is related directly to the quality of life after surgery in cancer patients. Therefore, this study examined the factors related to compliance with nutrition management during chemotherapy. Methods: In this study, five subjects with colorectal cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy were interviewed in-depth using the Giorgi study method. The contents of the nutrition education visits and in-depth interviews were transcribed in the language of the subject after recording, and the appropriateness of the data was improved by reflecting the subject's actions and facial expressions. Results: After conducting the in-depth interviews for each subject, the experience of the subject's diet and adjuvant chemotherapy was drawn into two domains, six elements, and 26 sub-elements. In the cognitive domain, the patients experienced physical and psychological changes, and the need for nutrition management was recognized by analyzing the dietary causes of the diseases. In the domain of practice, a knowing-doing gap was formed, unlike the patient's will. Factors that inhibited compliance with nutritional management included digestive problems, sensory changes, loss of appetite, and social interaction stress. Conclusions: Dietary management is very important for patients receiving periodic anticancer therapy, and step-by-step training and personal monitoring based on the chemotherapy order is necessary to maintain the patient's will and social and environmental support.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.3.1-3.21
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• 2022

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and the number of cancer patients is expected to continuously increase in the future. Traditional cancer therapies focus on inhibiting cancer growth while largely ignoring the contribution of the immune system in eliminating cancer cells. Recently, better understanding of immunological mechanisms pertaining to cancer progress has led to development of several immunotherapies, which revolutionized cancer treatment. Nonetheless, only a small proportion of cancer patients respond to immunotherapy and maintain a durable response. Among multiple factors contributing to the variability of immunotherapy response rates, commensal microbiota inhabiting patients have been identified as one of the most critical factors determining the success of immunotherapy. The functional diversity of microbiota differentially affects the host immune system and controls the efficacy of immunotherapy in individual cancer patients. Moreover, clinical studies have demonstrated that changing the gut microbiota composition by fecal microbiota transplantation in patients who failed a previous immunotherapy converts them to responders of the same therapy. Consequently, both academic and industrial researchers are putting extensive efforts to identify and develop specific bacteria or bacteria mixtures for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we will summarize the immunological roles of commensal microbiota in cancer treatment and give specific examples of bacteria that show anticancer effect when administered as a monotherapy or as an adjuvant agent for immunotherapy. We will also list ongoing clinical trials testing the anticancer effect of commensal bacteria.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2001

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is known to cause cervical cancers. Human papillomavirus-like particles (VLP) have been studied as preventive vaccines of cervical cancers. To develop VLP as a therapeutic gene carrier, we studied the method to encapsulate cytokine genes in virus-like particles. HPV type 16 capsid L1 genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and cloned into T vector. L1 gene was then inserted into baculovirus transfer vector. The clone of baculovirus encoding L1 gene was isolated and used to express L1 protein in Sf 21 insect cells. VLP were purified by CsCl density gradient and ultracentrifugation. VLP were disassembled to capsomer units by treatment of a reducing agent. Given that interleukin-2 (IL-2) genes have been used in anticancer gene therapy and as a molecular adjuvant, IL-2 cytokine plasmids were chosen as a model gene. IL-2 plasmids were incubated with the disassembled capsomer suspension. To reassemble the particles, the mixture of capsomers and cytokine plasmids was dialyzed. The disassembly and reassembly of VLP were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The entrapment of cytokine plasmids in reassembled VLP was tested by the stability of plasmids against DNase I. After treatment of reassembled virus-like particles with DNase I, discrete IL-2 DNA band was observed. Our results indicate that IL-2 cytokine plasmid (3.5 kb size) can be encapsulated in the virus-like particles, suggesting the potential of VLP as a gene delivery system. Moreover, VLP containing the adjuvant cytokine plasmids might function as more effective subunit vaccines.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2002

The extract of European mistletoe ( Viscum album, L) has been used in adjuvant chemotherapy of cancer and mistletoe lectins are considered to be major active components. The present work was performed to investigate the effects of Korean mistletoe lectin (Viscum album L. coleratum agglutinin, VCA) on proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatoma cells as well as the underlying mechamisns for these effects. We showed that VCA induced atoptosis in both SK-Hep-1 and Hep 3B (p53-negative) cells through p53- and p21 -independent pathways. VCA induced apoptosis by down-regulation of Bcl-2 and by up-regulation of Bax functioning upstream of caspase-3 in both cell lines. In addition, we observed down-regulation of telomerase activity in both VCA-treated cells. Our results provide direct evidence of the anti-tumor potential of this biological response which comes from inhibition of telomerase and consequent inducing apoptosis. VCA-induced apoptosis is regulated by mitochondria controlled pathway independently of p53. These findings are important for the therapy with preparation of mistletoe because they show that telomerase-dependent mechanism can be targeted by VCA in human hepatocarcinoma. Taken together, our results suggest that the VCA, considered as a telomerase-inhibitor, can be envisaged as a candidate for enhancing sensitivity of conventional anticancer drugs.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2008

곡류, 두류, 과채류, 해조류, 버섯류 등의 식물성 원료를 가열처리하지 않은 상태에서 분말화한 것을 혼합한 생식의 성분 중 생리활성물질은 강력한 항산화 기능 및 일부 항암효과를 포함한 생리활성기능을 나타낸다. 본 실험은 BALB/c 마우스에 CT-28 대장암세포를 피하주사한 후 비타민 C와 생식을 급이함으로써 암조직의 증식에 따른 항암효과를 확인하기 위하여 수행하였다. 각 실험군은 CT-26 세포를 피하주사한 후 암조직의 크기를 5일 간격으로 6회 측정한 결과 비타민 C를 급이한 군은 암을 유도한 군과 암조직의 부피를 비교한 결과 통계학적으로 유의성은 없었으나 암세포 주입 후 10, 15, 20일째의 평균 암조직 부피에서 대조군은 각각 $155.8{\pm}75.8\;mm^3$, $238{\pm}102.9\;mm^3$, $525.0{\pm}291.7\;mm^3$인데 비해서 생식군은 48.1% ($80.8{\pm}60.0\;mm^3$), 43.2% ($135.2{\pm}117.2\;mm^3$), 55.5% ($233.6{\pm}248.2\;mm^3$)의 억제율을 보여주었다. 특히 25일과 30일째에는 대조군의 암조직 부피가 $989.7{\pm}596.8\;mm^3$와 $1589.7{\pm}1071.0\;mm^3$로 급격히 증가한 반면 생식군은 $304.6{\pm}442.5\;mm^3$와 $464.9{\pm}705.9\;mm^3$로 대조군에 비해 각각 69.2%와 70.7%의 감소율을 보임으로써 암조직의 증식이 현저히 억제된 결과를 보여주었다. 특히 30일째 암조직의 차이는 통계학적으로도 유의한 차이를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 따라서 생식은 CT-26 결장암 세포주에 의해 유도된 암증식을 억제하는 효과가 있는 것으로 생각된다.