• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.167-174
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the accessibility of dental care services among individuals with precarious employment in South Korea. Methods: We used the $9^{th}$ wave of the Korean Health Panel data (2015) and included 7,736 wage and non-wage earners in our study. We determined precariousness in the labor market as a combination of employment relationship and job income, and categorized individuals based on this into the following four groups: Group A comprising those who report job and income security, Group B comprising those who experience job insecurity alone, Group C comprising those who report a stable job but low income, and Group D comprising those who experience both job and income insecurity. Accessibility to dental care services was determined by experience of unmet dental care needs and unmet dental care needs caused primarily by financial burden. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the effect of precarious work on access to dental care services. Results: Individuals with job insecurity (Group B; OR=1.445; 95% CI=1.22-1.70) and both job and income insecurity (Group D; OR=1.899; 95% CI=1.61-2.24) were more likely to have unmet needs than the comparison group. Both groups B and D were also 2.048 (95% CI=1.57-2.66) times and 4.435 (95% CI =3.46-5.68) times more likely, respectively, to have unmet dental care needs caused by financial burden. Education status, health insurance, and health status were all also effective factors influencing unmet dental care needs. Conclusions: Unstable employment and low income resulted in diminished access to dental care services. Therefore, governments should consider health policy solutions to reduce barriers preventing individuals with employment and income instability from accessing adequate dental care.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2022

Purpose: This study presents the results of the analysis on space utilization of kidney dialysis units in regional public hospitals, which plays a key role in local public medical services. The result aims to achieve safety from infection, allow comfort for the dialysis environment, and stability for medical support. The purpose of this study is to present fundamental data for architectural plans for the kidney dialysis unit, as well as to alleviate potential infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Methods: For research purposes, the investigation and analysis of space utilization were based on architectural floor plans, research papers and literature, related legal systems, and public statistics. Of the main 35 regional public hospitals, in regards to data accessibility, 15 facilities were selected to conduct the survey and analysis for the objective. Results: The space composition by area research results of kidney dialysis units in public hospitals are as follows: Firstly, most targets do not have required rooms in the access and support area, except for the hemodialysis beds in the treatment section. Secondly, the access area requires necessary room and space design that took into consideration of convenience and accessibility for patients. Thirdly, in regards to infection prevention and control, proper circulation and room plan is essential for storage and disposal of contaminated products and linen after use. For the treatment area, the arrangement plan needs to establish a visual connection between the isolation room, the nursing station, and the bed area. Additionally, consideration of circulation in the preparation, treatment, observation, examination, and all other rooms in the facility is required. Lastly, for the support area, the room is designed to consider adequate working and meeting spaces for the medical staff, consultation space for patients or guardians, separate storage and disposal of clean and contaminated items, and the storage of various equipment for dialysis. Implications: In preparation for the increase in chronic kidney failure patients and the spread of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, the researched data demonstrates the basic guidelines for space composition of kidney dialysis units and the significant role of regional public hospitals.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.363-366
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• 2004

KAERI is developing the Advanced Spent Fuel Conditioning Process (ACP) as a pre-disposal treatment process for spent fuel. In this process, the management process must operate in intense radiation fields as well as in a high temperature. Therefore, remote maintenance has played a significant role in this process. Hence suitable remote handling and maintenance technology needs to be developed along with the design of the process concepts. To do this, we developed the digital mockup for the ACP. The digital mockup provides the capability of verifying the remote operability of the process without fabrication of the process equipment. In other words, by applying virtual reality to the remote maintenance operation, a remote operation task can be simulated in the digital mockup. Through utilizing this graphic simulation in this digital mockup, general guidelines can be established for designing equipment intended for remote handling and maintenance. Also, the designer of the equipment that must be remotely maintained should ensure that there is adequate access to the process equipment. The graphic simulator will substantially reduce the cost of the develo363pment of the remote handling and maintenance procedure as well as the process equipment.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.450-453
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• 2002

In this paper a Phase-based virtual image encryption and decryption techniques based on a joint transform correlator (JTC) are proposed. In this method, an encrypted image is obtained by multiplying a phase-encoded virtual image that contains no information from the decrypted image with a random phase. Even if this encryption process converts a virtual image into a white-noise-like image, the unauthorized users can permit a counterfeiting of the encrypted image by analyzing the random phase mask using some phase-contrast technique. However, they cannot reconstruct the required image because the virtual image protects the original image from counterfeiting and unauthorized access. The proposed encryption technique does not suffer from strong auto-correlation terms appearing in the output plane. In addition, the reconstructed data can be directly transmitted to a digital system for real-time processing. Based on computer simulations, the proposed encryption technique and decoding system were demonstrated as adequate for optical security applications.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.73-83
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• 1996

Scheduling for nursing personnel involves many factors and requirements. Therefore, manual scheduling requires much time and effort to produce an adequate schedule. This paper introduces a PC based nurse scheduling support system which was developed in Microsoft Access 2.0, an easy to use data base management tool. First step of this system is to determine necessary number of nursing personnel by medical law or by patient classification. Current Korean medical law stipulates that number of patients attended by a nurse is 2.5 for hospitalization. In addition, necessary nursing personnel by patient classification was determined four nurses for seven patients in this system based on the authors' preliminary study. And the second step is to assign daily duty type for each nurse at every nursing unit automatically. The introduced system fully utilizes the GUI environment of Microsoft Windows and even makes the computer-novice nurses feel comfortable in using the system. This system can help nursing administrators improve nurse scheduling in a way of quick and easy schedule generation for the future, and allow nurses more time for patient care.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.393-401
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• 2020

According to the research and investigations performed on Port Facilities for cargo-works of hazardous materials around the Port of Busan, a conclusion was drawn that the manually operating foam tower monitors are ineffective as they are hard to access due to the radiant heat under contingency circumstances such as a fire. Moreover, in some cases, the effective range of Foam Tower Monitors are insufficient to reach docked ships and manifolds where hazardous materials are being unloaded. In addition, Dangerous Goods freights are inadequately and inefficiently stored regardless properties of hazardous substances due to complicated local regulations, and some are equipped with inapplicable facilities for docked ships. Therefore, in order to effectively counteract the contingencies and obtain safety, it would be recommended to install adequate facilities.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.321-325
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• 1998

Most of the patients with pain resulting from advanced cancer need opioid for adequate analgesia. Various Methods of drug administration to control the pain have been developed. One of them, continuous administration of intravenous morphine is used for more effective pain control in the patient with severe pain that cannot be satisfactorily controlled by other Methods of morphine administration. But this is not a suitable method at home because of the possibility of serious infectious complications and the difficulty in managing intravenous access by untrained personnel. Continuous subcutaneous adminstration of drugs can not only overcome such disadvantages of continuous intravenous infusion but also get almost the same effect of pain control as continuous intravenous infusion, and allows opportunity to move freely and return home, improving quality of life. We used continuous subcutaneous morphine and metoclopramide in the patients with cancer pain via a portable PCA device, and accomplished satisfactory pain relief without significant side effect.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1997-2003
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• 2003

Recently, there have been many researches and developments in optical disc drive by high density of track and high access speed. Therefore, the optical pick-up should guarantee highly accurate dynamic characteristics for the wide bandwidth in order to cope with this trend. These demands for optical pick-up actuator can be solved by improvements of lens-holder through the following methods. The first way is the analysis of the sensitivity matrix of design variables for vibration modes after appropriate design parameters are selected like shapes and local dimensions of a lens-holder. The second way is the optimization of design variables by calculating sequential linear programming after the problem of extending bandwidth are converted to problem of minimizing adequate objective function. In the result, modified FE model is obtained through several iterations by finite difference scheme(FDS). While results of the first way show better convergence of the target frequency, the second result shows better reduction of mass increase.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.459-468
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• 2008

A web-based Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) supporting system is connected with a Product Data Management (PDM) system for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) suffering from the lack of building hardware, software and related experts. An analysis of current business models and worksite requirements provides an improved process model and data to be shared between the PDM system and the CAE supporting system. Since all engineering tasks such as geometric modeling, mesh generation, static stress and modal analysis, and fatigue durability analysis are automated in the CAE supporting system, the user in charge of the CAE have only to configure the concerned values of design variables and result data through the web page. The existing Change Management module of the PDM system is modified for seamless data exchange, i.e. sending the Engineering Change Order (ECO) data to the CAE supporting system and receiving the CAE result data bark. The hi-directional data transfers between the PDM system and the CAE supporting system is made possible by adaptors bused on the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). The current approach will be very helpful for SMEs that only have the PDM system and have no adequate infrastructure for CAE.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.80-85
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• 2015

The era of intelligent transportation system(ITS) has been arrived by applying information and communication technology(ICT) to the traffic. One of these technological advances is a wireless communication technology for a high speed vehicle to be connected to an infrastructure(V2I). A variety of road traffic safety services and operator comfort services are being developed by means of WAVE(Wireless Access in a Vehicular Environment) based on IEEE802.11p Standard. In this paper, the link budget is analyzed to provide a reliable quality of these ITS services. Log-distance model and two-ray model is employed for the wave propagation path loss model which is adequate for a highway environment. Reliable cell coverage is suggested for ITS services from the link budget.