• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.174-177
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• 2014

Adenomyosis is a common gynecological disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma deep within the myometrium associated with myometrial hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Focal uterine infarction after IVF-ET in a patient with adenomyosis following biochemical pregnancy has not been previously reported, although it occurs after uterine artery embolization in order to control symptoms caused by fibroids or adenomyosis. We report a case of a nulliparous woman who had uterine adenomyosis presenting with fever, pelvic pain and biochemical abortion after undergoing an IVF-ET procedure and the detection of a slightly elevated serum hCG. Focal uterine infarction was suspected after a pelvic magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated preserved myometrium between the endometrial cavity and inner margin of the necrotic myometrium. This case demonstrates that focal uterine infarction should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding and infectious signs in women experiencing biochemical abortion after an IVF-ET procedure.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.158-166
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• 2015

Objectives: Adenomyosis is the disease caused by ingrowth of lining tissue into the uterine muscle. Final treatment of the disease is hysterectomy. But if a patient want to get pregnant, there is a tendency to avoid surgical treatment. This paper introduces the potential of oriental medical treatment for infertility caused by adenomyosis through a case study. Methods: A 34-year-old female patient, who wants to get pregnant, was diagnosed with adenomyosis. She wants to take oriental medical treatment in the ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ Oriental Hospital. We applied herb-medication, acupuncture and moxibustion. Results: Overall condition including the symptoms was relieved and succeeded in pregnancy after oriental medical treatment. Conclusions: Oriental medical treatment has an effect infertility caused by adenomyosis.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.205-214
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• 2009

Purpose: Adenomyosis is the disease caused by ingrowth of lining tissue into the uterine muscle. Final treatment of the disease is hysterectomy but there is a tendency to avoid surgical treatment if possible. And medication often results in relapse and it does not cure completely. This paper introduces the potential of oriental medical treatment for adenomyosis through a case study. Methods: A 31-year-old female patient, suffered from pelvic pain and metrorrhagia, was diagnosed with adenomyosis and uterine myoma. She was put on oriental medical treatment in the ○○ Oriental Hospital for almost three months. We applied herb-medication, acupuncture and moxibustion. Results: Overall condition including the symptoms was relieved after oriental medical treatment Conclusion: Oriental medical treatment alleviates chronic pelvic pain and has an effect against adenomyosis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1446-1449
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• 2005

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of oriental medicine therapy on a adenomyosis. The patient was admitted to the OBGY department of Wonkwang university in Gwang-Ju, from 20th August 2004 to 7th September 2004, from 20th September 2004 to 1 st October 2004, from 20th October 2004 to 27th October 2004. She was treated with herbal medication, herbal acupunture etc. After this treatment, improvement was seen in dysmenorrhea (low abdomen pain, low back pain), profuse menstruation, the amount of black blood clots. The study suggests that oriental medicine therapy is significantly effective in the treatment of adenomyosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5589-5597
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• 2013

The aim of this review article was to evaluate the relationship and the possible etiological mechanisms between endometriosis, leiomyoma (LM) and adenomyosis and gynecological cancers, such as ovarian and endometrial cancer and leiomyosarcoma (LMS). MEDLINE was searched for all articles written in the English literature from July 1966 to May 2013. Reports were collected systematically and all the references were also reviewed. Malignant transformation of gynecologic benign diseases such as endometriosis, adenomyosis and LM to ovarian and endometrial cancer remains unclear. Hormonal factors, inflammation, familial predisposition, genetic alterations, growth factors, diet, altered immune system, environmental factors and oxidative stress may be causative factors in carcinogenesis. Early menarche, low parity, late menopause and infertility have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of these cancers. Ovarian cancers and endometriosis have been shown to have common genetic alterations such as loss of heterozygosity (LOH), PTEN, p53, ARID1A mutations. MicroRNAs have also been implicated in malignant transformation. Inflammation releases proinflammatory cytokines, and activates tumor associated macrophages (TAMS) and nuclear factor kappa b (NF-KB) signaling pathways that promote genetic mutations and carcinogenesis. MED12 mutations in LM and smooth muscle tumors of undetermined malignant potential (STUMP) may contribute to malignant transformation to LMS. A hyperestrogenic state may be shared in common with pathogenesis of adenomyosis, LM and endometrial cancer. However, the effect of these benign gynecologic diseases on endometrial cancer should be studied in detail. This review study indicates that endometriosis, LM, adenomyosis may be associated with increased risk of gynecological cancers such as endometrial and ovarian cancers. The patients who have these gynecological benign diseases should be counseled about the future risks of developing cancer. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between STUMPs, LMS and LM and characteristics and outcome endometrial carcinoma in adenomyotic patients.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 2012

Objectives: The most common symptom of adenomyosis is dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia. Therefore, final treatment of this disease is hysterectomy. If dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia can be controlled, It doesn't need the surgical treatment. so, this case study was designed to evaluate the effect of Gamiseokhong-jeon on dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia due to adenomyosis. Methods: A 45-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with adenomyosis has been troubled by dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia. She was taken Korean herbal medicine(Gamiseokhong-jeon gamibang) about 3 months. Results: During this treatment period, dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia were relieved. Also after all treatment, the effect has been continuing. Conclusions: Gamiseokhong-jeon gamibang relieve dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia due to adenomyosis.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.215-223
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• 2001

Objective: The purpose of this study was to make a guideline of uterine artery embolization for the treatment of uterine leiomyomas accompanying with adenomyosis in Korea. Materials and Methods : We performed the retrospective study for 37 women who had uterine leiomyomas accompanying with adenomyosis. Bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed in 37 patients (age range 25-65) during 17 months with pain, hypermenorrhea, urinary frequency etc due to leiomyomas. Ultrasound imaging was performed before the procedure and at mean 6.9 months after the procedure. Results: All procedures were technically successful. Mean clinical follow-up was 12.8 months. Minor complication occurred in 82% patients after the procedure. After imaging follow-up (mean, 6.9 months postprocedure), median uterine volume decreased 34.4%, and dominant myoma volume decreased 86%. There was no statistical difference in uterine volume reduction and dominant myoma size reduction whether occluding agents was polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol plus gelfoam, and gelfoam, and whether ultrasound measured Resistance Index value before the procedure was low or high. Conclusion: Primary candidates for uterine artery embolization include those with symptomatic uterine leiomyomas who no longer des ire fertility but wish to avoid surgery or are poor surgical risks. To our study, uterine volume reduction and dominant myoma size reduction in patients who had adenomyosis were similar to previous other studies in patients who had not adenomyosis. Therefore adenomyosis should not be considered as a contraindication for uterine artery embolization. Because there is little data about subsequent reproductive potential after this procedure, it should not be routinely advocated for infertile women. Further investigation is warranted for occluding agents and Resistance Index.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2008

Adenomyosis is a nonneoplastic proliforation of uterine glands characterized by multicentric infiltration of endometrial tissues into the myometrium. A female domestic short hair cat with unknown age was referred to local animal hospital in Busan for ovariohysterectomy to prevent the unwanted offspring. At the time of surgery, the uterus was enlarged with multiple nodular protrusion on the serosa. On the cut surface of uterus, elevation of the endometrium and hypertrophied myometrium were observed. Microscopically, the uterus was characterized by severe proliforation of endometrial glands into the lumen and within the myometrium. The intra-myometrial endometrium is circumferentially surrounded by bundles of hypertrophic smooth muscle cells. These endometrial glands had tall columnar epithelium lacking nuclear atypia and mitoses. In our best knowledge, this is the first report of feline adenomyosis in Korea.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.169-173
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• 2016

Objective: To determine the preferred regimen for women with adenomyosis undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), we compared the IVF outcomes of fresh embryo transfer (ET) cycles with or without gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist pretreatment and of frozenthawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles following GnRH agonist treatment. Methods: This retrospective study included 241 IVF cycles of women with adenomyosis from January 2006 to January 2012. Fresh ET cycles without (147 cycles, group A) or with (105 cycles, group B) GnRH agonist pretreatment, and FET cycles following GnRH agonist treatment (43 cycles, group C) were compared. Adenomyosis was identified by using transvaginal ultrasound at the initial workup and classified into focal and diffuse types. The IVF outcomes were also subanalyzed according to the adenomyotic region. Results: GnRH agonist pretreatment increased the stimulation duration ($11.5{\pm}2.1days$ vs. $9.9{\pm}2.0days$) and total dose of gonadotropin ($3,421{\pm}1,141IU$ vs. $2,588{\pm}1,192IU$), which resulted in a significantly higher number of retrieved oocytes ($10.0{\pm}8.2$ vs. $7.9{\pm}6.8$, p=0.013) in group B than in group A. Controlled ovarian stimulation for freezing resulted in a significantly higher number of retrieved oocytes ($14.3{\pm}9.2$ vs. $10.0{\pm}8.2$, p=0.022) with a lower dose of gonadotropin ($2,974{\pm}1,112IU$ vs. $3,421{\pm}1,141IU$, p=0.037) in group C than in group B. The clinical pregnancy rate in group C (39.5%) tended to be higher than those in groups B (30.5%) and A (25.2%) but without a significant difference. Conclusion: FET following GnRH agonist pretreatment tended to increase the pregnancy rate in patients with adenomyosis. Further largescale prospective studies are required to confirm this result.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.75-86
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• 2000