• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.766-783
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• 2006

This study describes philosophical background regarding '虛' in oriental medicine in an effort to understand the relationships among some of the Eastern philosophy in accordance with differentiated meanings in several resources by analyzing examples of '虛' in Huang Di Nei Jing. The various usages of '虛' used in Huang Di Nei Jing are as follows: naming; condition of pulse; emptiness; '太虛' which was referred universal space by Chinese ; insufficiency, lack or scarcity, deficiency ; and the description of vitality, mental faculties. 外丹修煉(training by external substances) had the attitude do that withdraw the death by taking external materials. The meaning of '虛'in 外丹修煉 is similar to that in oriental medicine in terms of deficiency. That is, both 外丹修煉 and the oriental medicine consider that the death and disease are caused by the deficiency of something. However, there also exists difference between 外丹修煉 and the oriental medicine. 外丹修煉 supplements through withdrawal prohibition due to the characteristic of unchangeability and stern or immortal while oriental medicine provides concrete object of deficiency. 精(essence of life), 氣(ki, functional activity), and fe(vitality) not only have been considered as basic component of human body, but they also have been an important subject of health preservation for longevity with health in Taoism and oriental medicine. In oriental medicine, 精 and 氣 have been perceived as physical basis of human body and 神 as controller. 內丹修煉(Training of internal active substances) 掠nds to return to '虛', the early state of life through individual training, and attempts to withdraw death through continuous recurrence. The oriental medicine and 內丹修煉 held great value of 神 among health preservation of 精, 氣, and 神. They seek theoretical basis from philosophical Taoism. However, '虛' in Taoism is different from that in training by internal substances and oriental medicine: '虛' in philosophical Taoism has metaphysical concept which refers overcome of life and death, but '虛' in 內丹修煉 and oriental medicine have empirical concept. '太虛' is considered as formless space where it is emp Dut filled with 氣. It is conceptualized with the premise of the relevant adaptation of human body to natural environment theory referring that the interaction between the heaven and the earth makes changes; all creation is originated , and human is affected by the interaction of the heaven and the earth. Furthermore, in $\ulcorner$運氣七篇$\lrcorner$ (Seven chapters described about the five circuit phases and the six atmospheric influences), the expression that the earth is in the center of '太虛' and huge amount of 氣 supports it proves that $\ulcorner$運氣七篇$\lrcorner$ adapts '渾天設'(Chaotic universe thee). In Taoism, '虛' is the grounds where all creation is generated in the optimal condition of Tao. As regards the aspect of mentality, it is the condition in which one can free from the dualistic concepts such as right and wrong, beauty and ugliness, life and death, and so on. Although the ultimate goal of oriental medicine, the achievement of longevity without sickness, might contrast with the Taoist belief that perceives life and death as the natural phenomena or the flowing of the 氣, and eliminates all international, the idea of Taoism that one should live substantial life with naivety, and make Harmony with the nature might be influential to the oriental medicine.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2009

本文为执行官提供了他们在处理日常业务问题和市场机会时如何阐述自己思考过程的培训. 本研究建立在Schank提出的教学基础上, 包括: (1)经验学习和最好的指导提供给学习者从诸如全球背景, 团队项目和专家经历等的互动的故事提炼知识和技能的机会. (2) 告诉不会导致学习, 因为在学习需要的行动训练环境中, 应强调积极使用故事, 案例和项目. 每个培训案例包括执行官解释自己的决策系统分析(DSA, 还需要执行官做DSA简报. 在训练时要求执行官写DSA简报. 在执行官学员写书面报告的说明中包括(1) DSA路线图的本质的细节(2) 警告和机会的陈述, 读者的行政地图及图内的DSA解释. 该报告的最大长度为500字, 其规则就是使行政人员培训课程行之有效. 引言之后是第二部分文献综述, 简要地总结了有关人们在对问题和机会的背景下的想法及文献. 第三部分通过使用对不同的贴牌生产客户定价相同的化学产品的培训练习来解释DSA的起源和过程, 第四部分展示一个炼油设备公司订价决策的培训练习. 第五部分提供一个商业客户办公家具采购的市场策略案例. 第六部分是结论和建议. 这些建议是关于使用培训课程和发展其他培训课程来磨练执行官制定决策的能力. 文章引导读者利用工具箱研究综合的报告, (DSA)路线图根据生态合理性理论将战略与环境相匹配. 这三个案例的研究让学习者在意愿层面征求建议来作出决策. Todd and Gigerenzer 提出人们使用简单启发式,因为他们在自然的决策环境中通过探索信息的结构使适应性行为有可能产生. "简单是一种美德, 而不是诅咒", 有限理性理论强调了西蒙的命题中心, "人类理性的行为仿佛一把剪刀, 其刀片则是任务环境的结构和执行者的计算能力". Gigerenzer的观点和西蒙的环境的危害相关, 也和本文中三个环境结构的案例相关. "环境这个词, 在这里, 并不是指总的物理和生理的环境, 而只是指被给予需要和目标的重要有机体 本文关注了结合任务环境的结构和使用适应的工具箱启发的报告. (DSA)路线图根据生态理性理论将战略与环境相匹配. 渴望适应理论是这一方针的核心. 渴望适应理论将决策制定作为一个没有把目标整合的多目标问题模拟成一个把所有决策选项进行完全的优先顺序化. 这三个案例研究让学习者在意愿层面征求建议来作出决策. 渴望适应用一系列的调整步骤的形式. 一个调整步骤通过仅一个目标变量的变化就可以改变在渴望网格上邻近点当前的渴望水平. 上调步骤是目标变量的提高, 下调步骤是目标变量的下降. 创造和使用渴望适应水平是对有限理性理论的整合. 文章通过提供学习者经验和实践环节增加了意愿采纳和有限合理性的理解和特点. 利用DSA图排列CTSs和撰写TOP可以清晰和深化Selten的观点 "清晰, 意愿采纳必须作为研究的解决方案整合到整个蓝图中". 这些有限理性的研究许可了在现实生活中为什么, 如何作决策的理论和在自然的环境中利用启发式的学习训练两方面的发展. 本文中的练习鼓励根据不同使用目的学习快速而简洁的启发式技巧和原则. 这也正回应了Schank的思想 "从本质上来看, 教育不是让学生们知道发生了什么, 而是让他们感受到所发生的事情. 这不容易做到. 在如今的学校教育是没有情感的, 这是一个很大的问题". 这三个案例和附加的练习问题遵守了Schank的观点. "这种教育过程最好是通过参与他们其中来实现, 也可以这样认为, 精神层面的积极讨论".

• 정신신체의학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.3-11
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• 1997

In becoming parents, the marital partners enter into a new developmental phase. The conception of the child is an act of mutual creativity during which the boundaries between the self and another were temporarily obliterated more completely than at any time since infancy. The infant is a physical fusion of the parents, and their personalities unite within the child. for many women, creativity as a mother becomes a central matter that provides meaning and balance to their lives. The husband usually has strong desires for an offspring and can be transformed by it. The child can profoundly affect one or both parents, and the influences are reciprocal-a child's needs or specific difficulties uncover a parent's inadequacy. following the child's development, each transition into a new developmental phase requires an adaptation by the parents, and one or another of these required adaptations may disturb a parent's equilibirium. And the personality changes, emotional difficulties, and regressions of a spouse that occur in response to some phase of parenthood can upset the marriage. Not only do children identify with parents, but parents also identify with their children. The parents take pleasure in child's joy and suffer with the child's pain more than in almost any other relationship. certain respects e parents lives again in the child. Through the process of identification the child can also provide one of the two parents with the opportunity to experience intimately the way in which a person of the opposite gender grows up. Parenthood also provides the opportunity to be loved, admired, and needed simply because one is a parent and, as such, a central and necessary object in the young child's life. The many potentialities for emotional satisfactions from parenthood manage to outweigh the tribulations and sacrifices that are required. The child also exerts an indirect effect through changing the parent's position in the society, for new sets of relationships are established as the parents are drawn to other couples with children of the same age, and for a new impetus toward economic and social mobility often possesses the parents. frequently the couple's relatedness to their own parents improves and grows firmer once again. Parenthood, the satisfactions it provides and the demands it makes, varies as life progresses : and changes with the parent's interests, needs, and age as well as with the children's maturation. There are phases in the child's life that the parents are reluctant to have pass, whereas they tolerate others largely through knowing that they will soon be over. The changing lives of the children provide many satisfactions that offset the tribulations, uncertainties, and regrets. The parents change. The young father, who was just starting on his carrier whom the first child was born, settles into a life pattern. He becomes secure with increasing achievement and interacts differently with the youngest child and provides a different model for him than for the oldest. The mother may have less time for a second or third child than for her first, but she may also be more assured in her handling of them. The birth of a baby when the parents art in their late thirties will find them Less capable of physical exertion with the child and less tolerant of annoyances, but they are less apt to be annoyed. Eventually the children min and leave home, but the couple do not cease to be parents.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1304-1310
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• 2015

주기성 시계 유전자 3(period circadian clock gene 3, PER3)는 포유류에서 생물학적 주기 타이밍 시스템의 역할을 수행 한다. 이 유전자는 규칙적인 운동 체계에 의해 근육에서 전사 개시 되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 인간과 마우스에서는 본 유전자에 대해 잘 알려져 있지만, 주기 및 연주기 동안 낮의 길이에 영향을 많이 받는 말에서 운동 연관 연구는 존재하지 않는다. 운동 시 근육의 기능에 중요한 역할을 하는 PER3 유전자에 대해 대표적인 경주마인 국내산 더러브렛 품종의 운동 전과 운동 후 유전자 발현을 분석하기 위해 본 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 골격근에서 PER3 유전자의 발현은 운동 전에 비해 운동 후에 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 인실리코상에서 4개의 비동의성 단일 염기 변이(non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism, nsSNP) 분석과 이러한 nsSNP의 단백질 구조 및 기능 분석 결과, 전체 자유 에너지와 RMSD 값은 돌연변이의 원인이 될 수 있음으로 나타났다. 이 중, nsSNP–s395916798 (G72R)은 구조적 기능적 측면에서 중요한 잔기의 안정화 효과와 연관된 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 운동에 따라 더러브렛 골격근 내 PER3 발현 차이는 운동이라는 표현형에 대표될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, SNP의 조합을 활용하여 운동 후 경주마의 조기 회복의 평가 지표로써 유용한 바이오마커가 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1517-1526
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• 2018

Investigating bacterial diversity and its metabolic capabilities is crucial for interpreting the ecological patterns in a desert environment and assessing the presence of exploitable microbial resources. In this study, we evaluated the spatial heterogeneity of physicochemical parameters, soil bacterial diversity and metabolic adaptation at meter scale. Soil samples were collected from two quadrats of a desert (Thar Desert, India) with a hot, arid climate, very little rainfall and extreme temperatures. Analysis of physico-chemical parameters and subsequent variance analysis (p-values < 0.05) revealed that sulfate, potassium and magnesium ions were the most variable between the quadrats. Microbial diversity of the two quadrats was studied using Illumina bar-coded sequencing by targeting V3-V4 regions of 16S rDNA. As for the results, 702504 high-quality sequence reads, assigned to 173 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at species level, were examined. The most abundant phyla in both quadrats were Actinobacteria (38.72%), Proteobacteria (32.94%), and Acidobacteria (9.24%). At genus level, Gaiella represented highest prevalence, followed by Streptomyces, Solirubrobacter, Aciditerrimonas, Geminicoccus, Geodermatophilus, Microvirga, and Rubrobacter. Between the quadrats, significant difference (p-values < 0.05) was found in the abundance of Aciditerrimonas, Geodermatophilus, Geminicoccus, Ilumatobacter, Marmoricola, Nakamurella, and Solirubrobacter. Metabolic functional mapping revealed diverse biological activities, and was significantly correlated with physicochemical parameters. The results revealed spatial variation of ions, microbial abundance and functional attributes in the studied quadrats, and patchy nature in local scale. Interestingly, abundance of the biotechnologically important phylum Actinobacteria, with large proposition of unclassified species in the desert, suggested that this arid environment is a promising site for bioprospection.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.773-784
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• 2020

In order to protect the lives and property of citizens, the central and local governments are responding by enacting municipal ordinances and regulations as the frequency of extreme weather conditions due to climate change increases and intensity increases gradually. Accordingly, the basic contents and strategies of domestic and foreign policies to cope with cold and heat waves were reviewed, referring to measures suitable for application to the Daegu metropolitan area. In addition, it is intended to provide a policy alternative to Daegu metropolitan area to minimize damage from extreme weather by identifying the current status, characteristics, and future prospects of extreme weather in Daegu metropolitan area. Since the damage caused by the cold wave in Daegu area is not as great as that of other regions, it is urgent to come up with cold wave measures for the health and transportation sectors, and to come up with measures against the heat wave as the damage caused by the heat wave is the most serious in the country. Also we will identify spatial characteristics so that the districts and counties with high vulnerability to extreme weather can be identified and implemented first, and present civic life-oriented facilities and civic action guidelines to overcome cold and heat waves.

• ALGAE
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.269-278
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• 2018

Ocean warming can have significant negative impacts on population genetic diversity, local endemism and geographical distribution of a wide range of marine organisms. Thus, the identification of conservation units with high risk of extinction becomes an imperative task to assess, monitor, and manage marine biodiversity for policy-makers. Here, we surveyed population structure and genetic variation of the red seaweed Gracilaria vermiculophylla along the coast of China using genome-based amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) scanning. Regardless of analysis methods used, AFLP consistently revealed a south to north genetic isolation. Populations at the southern coast of China showed unique genetic variation and much greater allelic richness, heterozygosity, and average genetic diversity than the northern. In particular, we identified a geographical barrier that may hinder genetic exchange between the two lineages. Consequently, the characterized genetic lineage at the southern coast of China likely resulted from the interplay of post-glacial persistence of ancestral diversity, geographical isolation and local adaptation. In particular, the southern populations are indispensable components to explore evolutionary genetics and historical biogeography of G. vermiculophylla in the northwestern Pacific, and the unique diversity also has important conservation value in terms of projected climate warming.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.580-591
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• 2016

본 문헌분석 연구는 국내에서 최근 11년간 발표된 대학신입생의 학교적응 관련 문헌을 분석한 연구로, 대학신입생의 학교적응 요인을 파악하고 이에 대한 학교적응 방안과 대학 교육 프로그램 개선의 방향을 제공하고자 시도되었다. 본 문헌분석은 3개의 데이터베이스 국회도서관 자료실, 학술연구정보서비스(RISS), 한국학술정보(KISS)를 통하여 문헌 탐색기준에 의해 선택하였으며, 최종 24개의 연구가 선택되었다. 이 중 20편은 상관관계연구, 4편은 실험연구이었다. 대학신입생 학교적응 연구는 2009년부터 매년 1편씩 연구되다가 2012년부터 매년 5-6편으로 증가되어 대학 신입생의 적응에 대해 관심이 증가함을 볼 수 있다. 이 24개 문헌들에서 이용한 학교적응 조사도구는 Baker와 Siryk(1984)가 만든 도구를 23편에서 이용되었다. 분석된 상관관계 연구에서의 대학신입생 학교적응 평균은 3.25점으로 나타났다. 대학신입생의 학교적응과 관련된 변수는 20개 정도로 조사되었으며, 그 중 자기존중감, 자기효능감, 스트레스는 학교적응에 중요한 변수로 나타났다. 또한 대학신입생의 학교적응과 관련된 일반적 특성 중 외향적 성격, 가족과 사는 경우, 나이가 많은 경우, 학과에 만족한 경우, 학교생활에 만족한 경우 학교적응이 높게 나타났다. 이에 대학에서는 신입생 적응 프로그램을 계획할 때 자기효능감 증진방안, 스트레스 관리, 대학신입생을 위한 멘토-멘티 프로그램, 신입생 적응 프로그램 등을 학교와 학과에 맞게 지속적으로 진행할 것을 제언한다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2002

Zoysiagrass [Zoysia marella (L.) Merr.]와 creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds)에서 고온 스트레스에 대한 탄수화물대사 반응을 규명하기 위해 4월부터 9월까지의 식물체내의 탄수화물 대사산물의 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 각 초종의 샘플은 1998년 조성된 무안 Country Club의 green과 fairway에서 채취하였다. Creeping bentgrass의 지상부 수량은 6월부터 8월까지 점차 감소하였고 이후 회복되었다. 반면 zoysiagrass의 지상부 수량은 크게 변하지 않았다. Creeping bentgrass의 엽록소 함량은 7월까지 zoysiagrass의 엽록소 함량에 비해 현저하게 높았고, 그후 7월부터 8월까지 43%의 감소를 보였다. 가용성 당의 경우 zoysiagrass은 전 시험기간동안 creeping bentgrass보다 높게 유지되었다. Zoysiagrass의 가용성 당은 4월부터 5월사이 약 58%의 증가를 보였고, 이후 8월까지 유의적인 변화가 없었다. Creeping bentgrass의 가용성 당은 7월까지 다소 증가한 후, 8월에 급격하게 감소하였다 Zoysaigrass의 Starch의 농도는 4월부터 5월까지 증가한 후 9월까지 지속적으로 감소하였다. Creeping bentgrass의 경우 starch와 fructan 농도는 공히 6월과 7월 사이의 높은 축적 및 7월과 8월 사이의 급격한 감소하는 특이점을 보였다. 이상의 결과들은 zoysiagrass 보다 creeping bentgrass가 6월과 8월 사이의 고온 스트레스를 많이 받고 있음을 보여주며, 이 기간 중 creeping bentgrass의 비구조적 탄수화물의 활발한 축적과 가수분해는 고온 스트레스와 밀접한 관련이 있음을 잘 나타내고 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.247-256
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• 2018

본 연구는 세속 직업에 종사하다가 대학생 선교단체 간사로 경력을 전환한 대학생 선교단체 간사의 경력전환 과정과 경험을 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 한국대학생선교회(CCC)에 소속되어 있는 시니어간사 5명을 인터뷰하여 분석하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대학생 기독선교회 시니어 간사의 경력전환 동기는 소명의식과 유관함을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 경력전환 과정에서 새로운 환경에 대한 적응과 주위로 부터의 격려와 지지를 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 간사의 경력전환의 의미는 하고자 했던 일을 다시 찾게 됨과 약속지킴, 특별하고 영광스러운 삶인 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과를 토대로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 선교단체 간사의 소명실행은 소명확인의 단계가 필수적임을 확인할 수 있었다. 둘째, 선교단체 간사의 소명실행은 주위 지지자들이 있을 때 더욱 지속됨을 알 수 있었다. 셋째, 선교단체 간사의 경력전환경험이 갖는 의미는 소명을 따라가는 삶에 있음을 알 수 있었다.