• Title/Summary/Keyword: Ad- Attitude

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The Influence of Advertising Attributes and Engagement on the Advertising Effectiveness of Fashion Video Ads (패션 동영상 광고속성과 인게이지먼트가 광고효과에 미치는 영향)

  • Sung, Heewon;Kim, Eun Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.46 no.1
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    • pp.17-32
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    • 2022
  • This study aimed to examine the effect of ad attributes on engagement, the mediating effect of engagement on the relationship between ad attributes and advertising effectiveness (attitudes toward ads, continuous intention to search, and e-WOM intention), and the differences in advertising effectiveness at different levels (low vs. high) of curiosity toward fashion video ads in the online context. For this purpose, a total of 408 responses were collected from consumers who were aged 20-40 years and had viewed fashion video ads via PC/mobile channels in the preceding six months. The results showed that three advertising attributes, namely informativeness, entertainment, and personalization, were significant predictors of engagement. Additionally, engagement had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between entertainment and ad effectiveness. Moreover, both informativeness and entertainment had a significant direct effect on the behavioral intention to search and engage in e-WOM. At the high-curiosity level, engagement had a significant influence on ad attitudes and e-WOM intention. In contrast, at the low-curiosity level, entertainment had a significant influence on e-WOM intention and continuous intention to search. These findings are meaningful in that they extend the advertising attitude model to fashion video ads in the online context.

The Effect of AD Noises Caused by AD Model Selection on Brand Awareness and Brand Attitudes (광고 모델 관련 광고 노이즈가 브랜드 인지도와 브랜드 태도에 미치는 영향)

  • Chung, Jai-Hak;Lee, Sang-Mi
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.89-114
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    • 2008
  • Most of the extant studies on communication effects have been devoted to the typical issue, "what types of communication activities are more effective for brand awareness or brand attitudes?" However, little research has addressed another question on communication decisions, "what makes communication activities less effective?" Our study focuses on factors negatively influenced on the efficiency of communication activities, especially of Advertising. Some studies have introduced concepts closely related to our topic such as consumer confusion, brand confusion, or belief confusion. Studies on product belief confusion have found some factors misleading consumers to misunderstand the physical features of products. Studies on brand confusion have uncovered factors making consumers confused on brand names. Studies on advertising confusion have tested the effects of ad models' employed by many other firms for different products on communication efficiency. We address a new concept, Ad noises, which are any factors interfering with consumers exposed to a particular advertisement in understanding messages provided by advertisements. The objective of this study is to understand the effects of ad noises caused by ad models on brand awareness and brand attitude. There are many different types of AD noises. Particularly, we study the effects of AD noises generated from ad model selection decision. Many companies want to employ celebrities as AD models while the number of celebrities who command a high degree of public and media attention are limited. Inevitably, several firms have been adopting the same celebrities as their AD models for different products. If the same AD model is adopted for TV commercials for different products, consumers exposed to those TV commercials are likely to fail to be aware of the target brand due to interference of TV commercials, for other products, employing the same AD model. This is an ad noise caused by employing ad models who have been exposed to consumers in other advertisements, which is the first type of ad noises studied in this research. Another type of AD noises is related to the decision of AD model replacement for the same product advertising. Firms sometimes launch another TV commercial for the same products. Some firms employ the same AD model for the new TV commercial for the same product and other firms employ new AD models for the new TV commercials for the same product. The typical problem with the replacement of AD models is the possibility of interfering with consumers in understanding messages of the TV commercial due to the dissimilarity of the old and new AD models. We studied the effects of these two types of ad noises, which are the typical factors influencing on the effect of communication: (1) ad noises caused by employing ad models who have been exposed to consumers in other advertisements and (2) ad noises caused by changing ad models with different images for same products. First, we measure the negative influence of AD noises on brand awareness and attitudes, in order to provide the importance of studying AD noises. Furthermore, our study unveiled the mediating conditions(variables) which can increase or decrease the effects of ad noises on brand awareness and attitudes. We study the effects of three mediating variables for ad noises caused by employing ad models who have been exposed to consumers in other advertisements: (1) the fit between product image and AD model image, (2) similarity between AD model images in multiple TV commercials employing the same AD model, and (3) similarity between products of which TV commercial employed the same AD model. We analyze the effects of another three mediating variables for ad noises caused by changing ad models with different images for same products: (1) the fit of old and new AD models for the same product, (2) similarity between AD model images in old and new TV commercials for the same product, and (3) concept similarity between old and new TV commercials for the same product. We summarized the empirical results from a field survey as follows. The employment of ad models who have been used in advertisements for other products has negative effects on both brand awareness and attitudes. our empirical study shows that it is possible to reduce the negative effects of ad models used for other products by choosing ad models whose images are relevant to the images of target products for the advertisement, by requiring ad models of images which are different from those of ad models in other advertisements, or by choosing ad models who have been shown in advertisements for other products which are not similar to the target product. The change of ad models for the same product advertisement can positively influence on brand awareness but positively on brand attitudes. Furthermore, the effects of ad model change can be weakened or strengthened depending on the relevancy of new ad models, the similarity of previous and current ad models, and the consistency of the previous and current ad messages.

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ATTITUDE AND CONFIGURATION CONTROL OF FLEXIBLE MULTI-BODY SPACECRAFT

  • Choi, Sung-Ki;Jone, E.;Cochran, Jr.
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.107-122
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    • 2002
  • Multi-body spacecraft attitude and configuration control formulations based on the use of collaborative control theory are considered. The control formulations are based on two-player, nonzero-sum, differential game theory applied using a Nash strategy. It is desired that the control laws allow different components of the multi-body system to perform different tasks. For example, it may be desired that one body points toward a fixed star while another body in the system slews to track another satellite. Although similar to the linear quadratic regulator formulation, the collaborative control formulation contains a number of additional design parameters because the problem is formulated as two control problems coupled together. The use of the freedom of the partitioning of the total problem into two coupled control problems and the selection of the elements of the cross-coupling matrices are specific problems ad-dressed in this paper. Examples are used to show that significant improvement in performance, as measured by realistic criteria, of collaborative control over conventional linear quadratic regulator control can be achieved by using proposed design guidelines.

Influence of TrueView Ad Skip Buttons on Advertising Effect (트루뷰 동영상 광고의 스킵버튼 종류에 따른 광고 효과)

  • Kim, Ju Seok;Chung, Donghun
    • Journal of Information Technology Services
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to find out what type of skip button used in forced exposure advertising is the most positive to the users. The four types of skip buttons were produced for the experiment and tested by survey and eye tracker to reveal the effects of the skip buttons on perceived intrusion, advertising attention, attitude toward advertising, and memory consisting of recall and recognition. Out of 80 participants, 20 were randomly assigned to the specific type of skip button group. The results showed that there is no statistical difference in advertising attention, perceived intrusiveness and attitude toward advertising. However, the recall and recognition rate are the highest in the static text type and kinetic text, product image, and default follow statistically. This study has implications for using skip buttons as a major variable for inventory of TrueView advertising effects and suggests that the amount of information in the image is critical processed by users within very short time.

Design and Performance Evaluation of Attitude Control System for Unfixed Levitation Sculptures (무 고정 공중부양 조형물의 자세 제어장치 설계 및 성능평가)

  • Kang, Jingu
    • Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.11-17
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    • 2017
  • The aerial support air sculptures currently exhibited in indoor spaces are similar to simple ad balloons, using multiple rope strands. Users now want more advanced unfixed sculptures, and hope these will develop into buoyant sculptures that can maintain the attitudes that users want on their own. This study investigated an attitude control system for unfixed levitation sculptures that can levitate with no rope and continuously maintain a certain attitude at a height specified by the user. To facilitate levitation, the exterior part of the sculpture was made of lightweight fibers, and the interior part was filled with helium gas. The controller was composed of a microprocessor of the dsPIC30F line from microchip, gyro, acceleration, and earth magnetic field sensors, and a highly efficient brushless DC (BLDC) electric motor. The attitude and position control system requires scheduling considering the trajectories of the sculpture and the control system, because the roles of the overall components are more important than those of a single controller. Furthermore, the system was designed like a fusion system that is expanded and controlled as a total controller, because it is interconnected with various sensors. The attitude control system of buoyant sculptures was implemented in this study, such that it can actively cope with the position, direction, stopping, and time aspects. The system performance was then evaluated.

Exploring Conventional Models of Purchase Intention: Consumer Attitudes Towards Smartphones Advertisement

  • Manaf, Ahmad Azaini;Lee, Sung-Pil
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.13-24
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    • 2014
  • Mobile phone makers compete for market shares through domination in media advertisements. These include domination of advertisements (Ads) in TV and the internet. However, the abundance and complexity of the competitions of Ads in TV does not guarantee advertising success which can influence consumers' emotion and the purchase intention towards the brand. This research analyses the case of a directional model on Attitude-towards-the-Ad model as a baseline into a new proposed correlation models (MacKenzie, Scott, &Lutz, 1989). The survey targets the involvements of Asian smartphone owners' attitude on advertisements, brands and purchase intentions. CFA (Confirmatory factor Analysis) was used in the research experiments, including hypothesis testing, the outcome of model fit which revealed significant levels and were successful. The study revealed that all three paths have consistently high coefficient paths (Attitude to Ads - Attitude to Brands - Purchase Intention), showing significant value of (${\beta}$=>.80), which supported each correlation factors. Therefore, this structural model, could set standards for creative managers and advertising teams to improve the brands visibility and build strong influences on attitudes in advertisements and improve purchase intentions.

The Effect of Message Construal Level, Temporal Distance and Consumer's SNS Self-efficacy on Consumers' Attitude Toward SNS Fashion Advertisements

  • Cho, Hyojung;Lee, Mi Young
    • International Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.11-20
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the construal level and temporal distance of a message and consumer's Social Network Service (SNS) self-efficacy on consumers' attitudes toward SNS fashion advertising. This study employed a 2 (message configuration: high construal level/low construal level) ${\times}$ 2 (temporal distance: distant future/near future) ${\times}$ 2 (SNS self-efficacy: high/low) between-subject factorial design. The survey was conducted on Facebook users in their twenties (N=216). The results are as follows: First, attitude toward SNS fashion advertising and purchase intention was higher when the message construal level was lower and when the temporal distance was closer. Second, no interactions between temporal distance and message construal level for attitude toward SNS advertising and purchase intention were found in this study. However, interactions between temporal distance and SNS self-efficacy for attitude toward SNS advertising and purchase intention were found. When the SNS self-efficacy was high, message with the low construal level reacted significantly positive in terms of attitude toward the ad as well as purchase intention. It is expected that this study will provide insight for apparel makers or retailers to use SNS as a new advertising media for fashion marketing. Practical implications and limitations are discussed.

How SNS Brand Personality Affect Mobile Native Ad Attitude (SNS 브랜드 성격이 모바일 네이티브 광고 태도에 미치는 영향)

  • Cha, Moon-Kyung;Lee, Hee-Jung
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.452-464
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study is to identify the brand personality factors of SNS based on SNS consumers and to examine the effect of SNS brand personality factors on the recognition of mobile native ads in SNS. As a property of mobile native advertisement, research model is suggested by introducing information, reliability, entertainment, interferences, and interactivity as research variables. And SNS users were surveyed. Through the online survey, 341 copies were used for the analysis. According to the results of the analysis, five characteristics of SNS brand personality factors such as 'sincerity', 'enthusiasm', 'charm', 'practical', and 'community' were derived. Among these, 'sincerity', 'enthusiastic', and 'community' brand attributes have a positive effect on most of mobile native advertising attributes, but 'practical' brand characteristics negatively. The attractiveness of the brand was not related to the mobile native advertisement.

Perceptional Change of a New Product, DMB Phone

  • Kim, Ju-Young;Ko, Deok-Im
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.59-88
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    • 2008
  • Digital Convergence means integration between industry, technology, and contents, and in marketing, it usually comes with creation of new types of product and service under the base of digital technology as digitalization progress in electro-communication industries including telecommunication, home appliance, and computer industries. One can see digital convergence not only in instruments such as PC, AV appliances, cellular phone, but also in contents, network, service that are required in production, modification, distribution, re-production of information. Convergence in contents started around 1990. Convergence in network and service begins as broadcasting and telecommunication integrates and DMB(digital multimedia broadcasting), born in May, 2005 is the symbolic icon in this trend. There are some positive and negative expectations about DMB. The reason why two opposite expectations exist is that DMB does not come out from customer's need but from technology development. Therefore, customers might have hard time to interpret the real meaning of DMB. Time is quite critical to a high tech product, like DMB because another product with same function from different technology can replace the existing product within short period of time. If DMB does not positioning well to customer's mind quickly, another products like Wibro, IPTV, or HSPDA could replace it before it even spreads out. Therefore, positioning strategy is critical for success of DMB product. To make correct positioning strategy, one needs to understand how consumer interprets DMB and how consumer's interpretation can be changed via communication strategy. In this study, we try to investigate how consumer perceives a new product, like DMB and how AD strategy change consumer's perception. More specifically, the paper segment consumers into sub-groups based on their DMB perceptions and compare their characteristics in order to understand how they perceive DMB. And, expose them different printed ADs that have messages guiding consumer think DMB in specific ways, either cellular phone or personal TV. Research Question 1: Segment consumers according to perceptions about DMB and compare characteristics of segmentations. Research Question 2: Compare perceptions about DMB after AD that induces categorization of DMB in direction for each segment. If one understand and predict a direction in which consumer perceive a new product, firm can select target customers easily. We segment consumers according to their perception and analyze characteristics in order to find some variables that can influence perceptions, like prior experience, usage, or habit. And then, marketing people can use this variables to identify target customers and predict their perceptions. If one knows how customer's perception is changed via AD message, communication strategy could be constructed properly. Specially, information from segmented customers helps to develop efficient AD strategy for segment who has prior perception. Research framework consists of two measurements and one treatment, O1 X O2. First observation is for collecting information about consumer's perception and their characteristics. Based on first observation, the paper segment consumers into two groups, one group perceives DMB similar to Cellular phone and the other group perceives DMB similar to TV. And compare characteristics of two segments in order to find reason why they perceive DMB differently. Next, we expose two kinds of AD to subjects. One AD describes DMB as Cellular phone and the other Ad describes DMB as personal TV. When two ADs are exposed to subjects, consumers don't know their prior perception of DMB, in other words, which subject belongs 'similar-to-Cellular phone' segment or 'similar-to-TV' segment? However, we analyze the AD's effect differently for each segment. In research design, final observation is for investigating AD effect. Perception before AD is compared with perception after AD. Comparisons are made for each segment and for each AD. For the segment who perceives DMB similar to TV, AD that describes DMB as cellular phone could change the prior perception. And AD that describes DMB as personal TV, could enforce the prior perception. For data collection, subjects are selected from undergraduate students because they have basic knowledge about most digital equipments and have open attitude about a new product and media. Total number of subjects is 240. In order to measure perception about DMB, we use indirect measurement, comparison with other similar digital products. To select similar digital products, we pre-survey students and then finally select PDA, Car-TV, Cellular Phone, MP3 player, TV, and PSP. Quasi experiment is done at several classes under instructor's allowance. After brief introduction, prior knowledge, awareness, and usage about DMB as well as other digital instruments is asked and their similarities and perceived characteristics are measured. And then, two kinds of manipulated color-printed AD are distributed and similarities and perceived characteristics for DMB are re-measured. Finally purchase intension, AD attitude, manipulation check, and demographic variables are asked. Subjects are given small gift for participation. Stimuli are color-printed advertising. Their actual size is A4 and made after several pre-test from AD professionals and students. As results, consumers are segmented into two subgroups based on their perceptions of DMB. Similarity measure between DMB and cellular phone and similarity measure between DMB and TV are used to classify consumers. If subject whose first measure is less than the second measure, she is classified into segment A and segment A is characterized as they perceive DMB like TV. Otherwise, they are classified as segment B, who perceives DMB like cellular phone. Discriminant analysis on these groups with their characteristics of usage and attitude shows that Segment A knows much about DMB and uses a lot of digital instrument. Segment B, who thinks DMB as cellular phone doesn't know well about DMB and not familiar with other digital instruments. So, consumers with higher knowledge perceive DMB similar to TV because launching DMB advertising lead consumer think DMB as TV. Consumers with less interest on digital products don't know well about DMB AD and then think DMB as cellular phone. In order to investigate perceptions of DMB as well as other digital instruments, we apply Proxscal analysis, Multidimensional Scaling technique at SPSS statistical package. At first step, subjects are presented 21 pairs of 7 digital instruments and evaluate similarity judgments on 7 point scale. And for each segment, their similarity judgments are averaged and similarity matrix is made. Secondly, Proxscal analysis of segment A and B are done. At third stage, get similarity judgment between DMB and other digital instruments after AD exposure. Lastly, similarity judgments of group A-1, A-2, B-1, and B-2 are named as 'after DMB' and put them into matrix made at the first stage. Then apply Proxscal analysis on these matrixes and check the positional difference of DMB and after DMB. The results show that map of segment A, who perceives DMB similar as TV, shows that DMB position closer to TV than to Cellular phone as expected. Map of segment B, who perceive DMB similar as cellular phone shows that DMB position closer to Cellular phone than to TV as expected. Stress value and R-square is acceptable. And, change results after stimuli, manipulated Advertising show that AD makes DMB perception bent toward Cellular phone when Cellular phone-like AD is exposed, and that DMB positioning move towards Car-TV which is more personalized one when TV-like AD is exposed. It is true for both segment, A and B, consistently. Furthermore, the paper apply correspondence analysis to the same data and find almost the same results. The paper answers two main research questions. The first one is that perception about a new product is made mainly from prior experience. And the second one is that AD is effective in changing and enforcing perception. In addition to above, we extend perception change to purchase intention. Purchase intention is high when AD enforces original perception. AD that shows DMB like TV makes worst intention. This paper has limitations and issues to be pursed in near future. Methodologically, current methodology can't provide statistical test on the perceptual change, since classical MDS models, like Proxscal and correspondence analysis are not probability models. So, a new probability MDS model for testing hypothesis about configuration needs to be developed. Next, advertising message needs to be developed more rigorously from theoretical and managerial perspective. Also experimental procedure could be improved for more realistic data collection. For example, web-based experiment and real product stimuli and multimedia presentation could be employed. Or, one can display products together in simulated shop. In addition, demand and social desirability threats of internal validity could influence on the results. In order to handle the threats, results of the model-intended advertising and other "pseudo" advertising could be compared. Furthermore, one can try various level of innovativeness in order to check whether it make any different results (cf. Moon 2006). In addition, if one can create hypothetical product that is really innovative and new for research, it helps to make a vacant impression status and then to study how to form impression in more rigorous way.

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Antecedents and Consequences of Attitude toward Femvertising (펨버타이징 광고 태도의 선행요인 및 결과 연구)

  • Um, Namhyun
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.66-74
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    • 2021
  • As femvertising has raised a great deal of attentions in Korea and abroad, femvertising which focuses on women's equality and empowerment has also brought much pubic attentions. Despite of much attentions, research on femvertising has been scarce. Thus, this study is designed to examine antecedents and consequences of attitude toward femvertising. For antecedents, this study proposes perceived congruence and perceived authenticity; as consequences, it proposes attitude toward brand, purchase intention, and e-word-of-mouth intention. A total of 278 college students participated in the study in return for course credits. Study results suggest that both perceived congruence and perceived authenticity are positively related to attitude toward advertising. In sum, when consumers perceive that femvertising messages are congruent with the company's brand image and the ad messages are authentic, positive attitude toward ads is likely to increase. Findings also suggest that attitude toward femvertising is positively related to attitude toward brand, purchase intention, and e-word-of-mouth-intention. In the last section of this paper, we discuss theoretical and practical implications..