• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2002.07c
• /
• pp.1598-1601
• /
• 2002

Bluetooth technology of cable replacement and infrastructure access is verified enough to be commercialized as goods. But there are a lot of works to implement ad-hoc Bluetooth radio network. for this, scatternet must be formed. We propose routing layer, packet format and link formation schemes for scatternet. The page procedure of the route request and the route reply page eliminates the procedure of the inquiry and the master-slave role switching. The route discovery time could be lower than 50msec within the distance of 50m. Proposed link formation scheme lets master, slave and bridge establish connection automatically and offers active ad-hoc environment. Devices that adopt Bluetooth module of 10m transmission range can communicate with other devices far away without any intervention of users.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.137-153
• /
• 2003

Comparison shopping is the most popular functionality in the e-Marketplace. Most of their revenue has been generated kent the Internet advertisement, but the ad earning was declined as the ad costing per action method widespread. Seller less familiar to the customer shrinks from chances for advertising and exposing their products. So, we need an efficient methodology subject to the seller's ad budget and other constraints, and it also has to increase comparison broker's earning in the e-Marketplace. Our research proposed and developed an ad planning methodology using comparison challenge approach which can be applied by 3$^{rd}$ party comparison brokers. Comparison challenge planning is organized with challenge policy of competitor level, product level and specification level. With that policies and basic challenge propositions, we measure the quantified value of functional distance between the specifications of my product and competitor's product. My product challenges the comparison using the comparative ad format to the similar but inferior competitor's product based on quantified valuation. Comparison challenge planning system has two phases of comparative value generation and optimization. We developed a prototype system and applied it to the desktop PC market of five major manufacturers. Our performance was emphasized by comparing to other comparative ad methods such as random display method and minimum distance method..

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.43 no.12 s.354
• /
• pp.68-74
• /
• 2006

The MANET(Mobile Ad Hoc Network) is an independent network that is oranized by only Mobile Hosts. MANET guarantees the mobility of the node and does not need a backbone network or a base station. Recently, there is a strong demand to connect MANET to the Internet. For the interconnection between MANET and Internet, Mobile hosts of MANET must have global IP address. The well known scheme of the address configuration for MANET is SAA(Stateless Address Autoconfiguration). SAA configurated IP address by node itself. The advantage of SAA is not requiring any server for address configuration. However the SAA has problems of unstable and inefficient interconnection on the AD Hoc Network. To solve this problem we propose a method that assigns an IPv6 Global address to the node through the Internet Gateway. The format of assigned IPv6 address is also defined. The simulation result demonstrates that the proposed method can support the host for fast getting of global IPv6 Address and Mobile IPv6 efficiently.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.16-22
• /
• 2009

The most efficient method to reduce duplicated messages is a partial dominant pruning for receiving and forwarding messages by in-fly format on the mobile ad hoc network. In this paper, we propose directional partial dominant pruning method by expanding partial dominant pruning for reducing not only number of forwarding nodes but number of antenna elements on the ad hoc network with directional antennas. by simulation, we prove superiority that average number of forwarding nodes for each antenna element and the ratio of duplicated messages for each nodes rather than existing partial dominant pruning method though the number of antenna elements are increasing rather than in case of using omni antennas.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.449-452
• /
• 2007

The present study numerically investigate the effects of the Syngas chemical kinetics on the basic flame properties and the structure of the Syngas diffusion flames. In order to realistically represent the turbulence-chemistry interact ion and the spatial inhomogeneity of scalar dissipation rate. the Eulerian Particle Flamelet Model(EPFM) with multiple flamelets has been applied to simulate the combustion processes and NOx formation in the syngas turbulent nonpremixed flames. Due to the ability for interactively describing the transient behaviors of local flame structures with CFD solver, the EPFM model can effectively account for the detailed mechanisms of NOx format ion including thermal NO path, prompt and nitrous NOx format ion, and reburning process by hydrocarbon radical without any ad-hoc procedure. validation cases include the Syngas turbulent nonpremixed jet and swirling flames. Based on numerical results, the detailed discussion has been made for the sensitivity of the Syngas chemical kinetics as well as the precise structure and NOx formation characteristics of the turbulent Syngas nonpremixed flames.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
• /
• v.24 no.1 s.63
• /
• pp.209-226
• /
• 2007

XML documents format on the Web provides a mechanism to impose their content and logical structure information. Therefore, an XML processor provides access to their content and structure. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of structural hints in the leaf node language model-based XML document retrieval. In order to this purpose, this experiment tested the performances of the leaf node language model-based XML retrieval system to compare the queries for a topic containing only content-only constraints and both content constrains and structure constraints. A newly designed and implemented leaf node language model-based XML retrieval system was used. And we participated in the ad-hoc track of INEX 2005 and conducted an experiment using a large-scale XML test collection provided by INEX 2005.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.175-182
• /
• 2006

The CGA proposed by IETF working group prevents address spoofing and stealing and provides digital signature to users, but key collision problem arises. To solve this critical problem, the CGA defines the SEC field within address format, which is set to high value when high security is required and vice versa, but the CGA faces a dilemma between security and the processing time. As SEC value increases, the processing time to generate the CGA grows dramatically while key collision ratio increases if low SEC value is applied to the CGA. We propose modified CGA (MCGA) that has shorter processing time than the CGA and offers digital signature with small overheads. To solve key collision problem, we employ hierarchical ad hoc network. The MCGA is applicable to IPv6 networks as well public networks. In this paper, we design a mathematical model to analyze the processing time for MCGA and CGA first and evaluate the processing time via simulations, where the processing time for MCGA is reduced down 3.3 times when SEC value is set to 0 and 68,000 times when SEC value is set to 1. Further, we have proved that the CGA is inappropriate for both ad hoc networks and IPv6 networks when the SEC field is set to more than 3.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.96-119
• /
• 2015

This research has studied the changes of Gwi-po(轉角包) by taking the cases of China's medieval wooden buildings as objects. The purpose of the study is to examine the time-periodic transition process of Gwi-po through the cases of 71 wooden buildings which were built from Tang(唐) dynasty(AD 618~690 & 705~907) until Jin(金) dynasty(AD 1115~1234) and also designated as 'Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level'. This research has taken note of various frame types of Jwau-dae(左右隊), which are architectural components of Gwi-po, to study the changes and development process of Gwi-po. The results are as follows. An important factor in the transformations of Gwi-po format is the changes in perception of the craftsmen about Jwau-dae, who took charge in the building process. In the early periods, the principles of Yidou sanshen dougong(一斗三升) in constructing ancons of Gwi-po had been well-maintained, while there appeared many different types of Gwi-po in later periods, due to the usage of Jwau-dae and $Shu{\check{a}}$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(?頭) in each Chulmok of Gwi-po. Transitional types of Gwi-po, which were evolved from the earlier ones, are divided into 3 categories by different forms of Jwau-dae, placed on odd number stages. The first one is 'none-$f{\bar{a}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(無枋頭) type' of Song(AD 960~1127, 1127~1279) and Liao dynasty(AD 907~1125) buildings, which doesn't have $f{\bar{a}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(枋頭)s, for the reason that Jwau-dae(左右隊) is in direct contact with Gwihan-dae(耳限大). The second one is '$Shu{\check{a}}$ $t{\acute{o}}u$ $f{\bar{a}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(?頭枋頭) type' of Song(AD 960~1127, 1127~1279) and Jin dynasty(AD 1115~1234), that has $f{\bar{a}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(枋頭)s of Jwau-dae(左右隊) identical to $Shu{\check{a}}$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(?頭) in form. The last one is '$Xi{\check{a}}o$ $g{\check{o}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(小?頭) type' of Jin(AD 1115~1234) and Yuan dynasty(AD 1271~1368), which has $f{\bar{a}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(枋頭)s of Jwau-dae identical to $Xi{\check{a}}o$ $g{\check{o}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(小?頭) in form. The earlier forms of Gwi-po, which appeared between Tang dynasty(AD 618~690 & 705~907) and Five Dynasties periods(907~960) went through transitional forms of 'non-$f{\bar{a}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(無枋頭) type', '$Shu{\check{a}}$ $t{\acute{o}}u$ $f{\bar{a}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(?頭枋頭) type' and '$Xi{\check{a}}o$ $g{\check{o}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(小?頭) type' and finally had its form settled between Yuan(元, AD 1271~1368) and Ming(明. AD 1368~1644) dynasty periods. In Liao(遼) dynasty period(AD 907~1125), as the buildings got bigger and the tendency of longer eave-exposure was implemented, there grew a certain need to structurally reinforce Gwi-po, on which load of the whole roof is concentrated. Especially, the transition from Tōuxīn $z{\grave{a}}o$(偸心造) style to Jì xīn $z{\grave{a}}o$(計心造) style in this period had a great influence on standardization of Gwi-po, along with None-${\acute{A}}ng$(無仰) style. Furthermore, Wing-type Gong(翼型?), which developed in Liao dynasty(AD 907~1125), is also thought to have had a great influence on the transition from Tōuxīn $z{\grave{a}}o$(偸心造) style to Jì xīn $z{\grave{a}}o$(計心造) style by changing the forms of Gongs(?), such as Gwi-po. However, unlike None-${\acute{A}}ng$(無仰) style, there occurred a gradual change from '$Shu{\check{a}}$ $t{\acute{o}}u$ $f{\bar{a}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(?頭枋頭) type' to '$Xi{\check{a}}o$ $g{\check{o}}ng$ $t{\acute{o}}u$(小?頭) type' of Gwi-po in $Xi{\grave{a}}$ ${\acute{a}}ng$ style.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.12
• /
• pp.2563-2567
• /
• 2011

Advances in smart sensors, embedded systems, low-power design, ad-hoc networks and MEMS have allowed the development of low-cost small sensor nodes with computation and wireless communication capabilities that can form distributed wireless sensor networks. Time information and time synchronization are fundamental building blocks in wireless sensor networks since many sensor network applications need time information for object tracking, consistent state updates, duplicate detection and temporal order delivery. Various time synchronization protocols have been proposed for sensor networks because of the characteristics of sensor networks which have limited computing power and resources. However, none of these protocols have been designed with time representation scheme in mind. Global time format such as UTC TOD (Universal Time Coordinated, Time Of Day) is very useful in sensor network applications. In this paper we propose network time protocol extension for global time presentation in wireless sensor networks.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.35-45
• /
• 2010

Background: Expression of recombinant antibodies and their derivatives fused with other functional molecules such as alkaline phosphatase in Escherichia coli is important in the development of molecular diagnostic reagents for biomedical research. Methods: We investigated the possibility of applying a well-known Fos-Jun zipper to dimerize $V_H$ and $V_L$ fragments originated from the Fab clone (SP 112) that recognizes pyruvate dehydrogenase complex-E2 (PDC-E2), and demonstrated that the functional zipFv-112 and its alkaline phosphatase fusion molecules (zipFv-AP) can be produced in the cytoplasm of Origami(DE3) trxB gor mutant E. coli strain. Results: The zipFv-AP fusion molecules exhibited higher antigen-binding signals than the zipFv up to a 10-fold under the same experimental conditions. However, conformation of the zipFv-AP seemed to be influenced by the location of an AP domain at the C-terminus of $V_H$ or $V_L$ domain [zipFv-112(H-AP) or zipFv-112(L-AP)], and inclusion of an AraC DNA binding domain at the C-terminus of VH of the zipFv-112(L-AP), termed zipFv-112(H-AD/L-AP), was also beneficial. Cytoplasmic co-expression of disulfide-binding isomerase C (DsbC) helped proper folding of the zipFv-112(H-AD/L-AP) but not significantly. Conclusion: We believe that our zipFv constructs may serve as an excellent antibody format bi-functional antibody fragments that can be produced stably in the cytoplasm of E. coli.