• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.51-64
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effect of dry cupping treatment applied to back-shu points on the autonomic nervous system. Methods : Two groups of sympathicotonia and normal with each 30 volunteers were set up for this experiment. The sympathicotonia group was selected by the criterion for sympathicotonia by the questionnaire composed of 11 items. After 10 minutes for environmental adaptation, the first HRV(heart rate variability) test was conducted, and then, dry cupping therapy was applied to back-shu points for 5 minutes to stimulate sympathetic ganglia lying along the spine. The second HRV test was carried out just after the cupping therapy under the same condition and then, the third test was repeated after two hours based on the first test time. Results : 1. In sympathicotonia group, SDNN(standard deviation of all normal R-R intervals), RMSSD(the square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals), Ln(HF)(high frequency power), nmHF(normalized high frequency power) increased and mHR(mean heart rate), nmLF(normalized low frequency power) decreased significantly right after dry cupping therapy which means dry cupping affects on autonomic nervous system. The effect lasts in these items of nmLF, Ln(HF), nmHF, rLHF(rate ratio of LF/HF). 2. In normal group, SDNN, RMSSD increased and mHR decreased significantly right after dry cupping therapy, too. But, Ln(LF)(low frequency power), nmLF, rLHF unexpectedly increased and nmLF, rLHF stay increased up to 2 hours. Conclusions : The results suggest that the dry cupping therapy has effect on the autonomic nervous system. It is effective to stabilize hyper-sympathetic tone of people diagnosed as Sympathicotonia and activate parasympathetic tone.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.149-159
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• 2000

Bee-venom Acupucture has good effect on pain control but We may be anxious about the problem of side-effect. Bee-venom components are composed of phospholipase $A_2$, hyaluronidase, melitin, apamin, MCD peptide, citrate and so on. Especially Apamin, MCD peptide and histamine cause severe reacting that is named Anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a clinical syndrome characterized by the acute system reaction of multiple organ systems to an IgE-mediated immunologic mediator release in previously sensitized individuals. Respiratory and dermatologic manifestations are the most commonly expressed clinical features of anaphylaxis, and a majority of anaphylactic reactions initially appear to be localized to these two systems. Anaphylatic reaction of bee-venom are expressed clinically ulticaria, itching sensation, erythema, dizziness, nausea, hypotension and so on. Especially ulticaria and erythema are end points of increased vascular permeability and vasodilatation at the other extreme of the clinical spectrum, Gastrointestinal mucosal edema and smooth muscle contraction can result in cramping abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Therefore, we have observed anaphylatic reaction of bee-venom in 11 patients, who visited WonKwang University Kunpo Oriental Medical Center, treated bee venom. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The patient distribution ratio, in regard to sex, was shown to be 1 : 2.67 for male to females. In regard to age, it was shown that people in their 30's was the most predominant case, followed by people in their 20's, 30's, 50's and 60's, respectively. 2. When Anaphylaxis was occured, it was observed to abnormality of CBC, LFT, IgE, IgG. 3. In regard to patient condition, it was observed that fatigue was most frequent. 4. In regard to the number of times and quantity of bee venom inj., it was observed that anaphylaxis is most frequent at 7-10 times(1.6-2.0cc) 5. In regard to duration of reaction, it was observed that people in their l0min' was most frequent. In disappearing duration of anaphylaxic reaction, The results showed under 60min lcases(9%), 60-120min 7cases(64%) and 180-240min 3cases(27%). 6. In symptoms of anaphylaxis, The results showed hypotension 8cases(19%), itching sensation 7cases(16%), nausea 4cases(9%), erythema 4cases(9%) and dizziness 4cases(9%). In mentality, The results showed drowsy 8case(73%) and alert 3cases(27%). 7. Generally, patients were treated with Avil, Dexa IM and PDS, peniramine, cimetidine, Q-zyme per os after H/S, N/S inj. $O_2$ was supplied according to patient's symptom. In 1 severe case, Dopamine was iv injected.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2002

The main purpose of this study is to differentiate Sasang Constitutions of men and women by measuring 5 parts of the body. By the definitions about Four Chos(四焦) in ${\ulcorner}$The Discourse on Viscera and Bowels(臟腑論)${\lrcorner}$, the body is divided into four parts and sets up the five borderlines. They are Top-line, Bosom-line, Stomach-line, Navel-line and Bottom-line. Top-line(第一線) is the horizontal distance between Rt. & Lt. Coracoid processes passing through the acupuncture point CV-22(天突穴) or the horizontal distance between Rt. & Lt. beginning points of Axillary lines. Bosom-line(第二線) is the horizontal distance passing through Rt.& Lt. Nipples. Stomach-line(第三線) is the horizontal distance passing through Rt.& Lt. acupuncture point ST-19(不容穴). Navel-line(第四線) is the horizontal distance passing through the navel(CV-8; 神闕穴) and the acupuncture point ST-25(天樞穴). Bottom-line(第五線) is the horizontal distance between Rt. & Lt. Anterior Superior Iliac Spine(ASIS). The measured numerical values of Five Lines are the most important factors to classify the Four Constitutions(Taeyangin, Taeumin, Soyangin, Soeumin). Among the five lines, Stomach-line(Middle-line) is the base line to decide Yin and Yang. As a result, I could differentiate the four Constitutions as follows. 1. Taeyangin's Top-line is more than 36cm long. Top-line is the longest. Bottom-line is the shortest. The length-difference between Top-line and Bottom-line is more or less 10cm long. 2. In case of Taeumin, Navel-line is the longest. The numerical values of Middle and Bottom lines are almost the same or Bottom-line is shorter than Middle-line by 1 or 2 cm long. In some special case, the five lines are all the same and the body just looks like a log. 3. In case of Soyangin, just like Taeyangin, Top-line is the longest. Bottom-line is the shortest. The length of Top-line is ranged between 30cm to 35cm long. From Top-line to Bottom-line, the length gradually diminishes each by 2cm: for example, 34-32-30-28-26. 4. In case of Soeumin, the longest one is Bottom-line. Specially, Navel-line is shorter than Middle-line. Bottom-line is longer than the Middle.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.190-193
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• 2006

개에서 방사선 검사로 확진한 둔부 골관절염 증례에 대하여 hyaluronic acid의 관절강내 주사 및 caprofen의 경구투여를 2주간 치료를 하였으나, 임상증상이 개선되지 않았다. 봉독 수침요법(5일 간격, 7회)과 압통점 치료를 병용하였다. 수침에 사용된 혈위는 이환 된 우측 환지의 5개 혈위를 사용하였다: GB30(국소혈), ST35, GB33, BL40 및 LIV08(원위혈). 수침재료(0.2 ml/혈위, 전체 1 ml/회)는 apitoxin $100{\mu}g+2%$ 리도카인 (1:1)+생리식염수로 제조하였고, 5개 혈위에 각각 0.2 ml씩 수침하였다. 또한 우측 환지의 대퇴사두근의 압통점에 2% 리도카인(0.2ml/압통점)을 매회 치료 시 각각 수침하였다. 봉침 수침 요법은 임상증상을 급속하게 개선시켰는데, 파행 및 보행실조가 7회 치료(30일) 후 소실되었으며, 우측 후지의 근육 위축이 많이 호전되었고, 치료 종료 2주 후(44일)에 방사선 검사 상 환부는 거의 정상소견을 나타내었다. 본 환축은 봉독 수침 요법과 압통점 치료의 병용으로 양호한 치료반응을 나타난 개의 둔부 골관절염의 증례이었다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.183-194
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• 2006

동양의학 이론의 주요 관심사인 경락의 연구에 있어 생체 내 신호전달 체계와 해부학적 실체에 대한 단서를 확인하기 위하여 본 실험을 수행하였다. 1960년대 이루어졌던 봉한학설의 이론과 문헌을 근거로 하여 토끼의 복막에 존재하는 봉한관으로 생각되는 반투명의 회백색의 탄성이 있는 섬유상 구조물을 분리하여 조직학적으로 관찰하였다. 각 조직 샘플은 봉한관 확인을 위하여 hematoxylin eosin과 Masson's trichrome 염색, 교원섬유는 Van Gieson's 염색, 신경은 Kluver Barrera's luxol fast blul 염색을 하여 비교함으로써 구성성분에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 광학현미경상에서 관찰된 조직들은 교원섬유와 신경으로 구성된 집합체였으며 다발의 형태를 이루고 있었고, 여러 개의 myoid spindle형태의 세포들이 종으로 배열되어 있었다. 이러한 세포들은 신경의 슈반세포이며 봉한관의 myoid형태의 세포들과 같은 소견이었다. 같은 부위를 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과 잘 배열된 교원섬유와 신경을 관찰할 수 있었으며 신경다발 사이로 교원섬유가 둘러싸고 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 복막에 존재하는 봉한관은 교원섬유와 어우러진 신경임을 확인할 수 있었고 신경과 어우러져 존재하는 교원섬유의 절연성과, 침의 치료에 있어 교원섬유가 주위의 신경과의 신호전달 체계에 영향을 미치는 점을 고려하여 볼 때 교원섬유와 신경 그리고 혈관의 유기적인 관계 속에서 교원섬유의 새로운 역할 규명에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of electroacupuncture for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: A randomized, controlled pilot trial was conducted. Twenty-two participants were randomized into one of the two groups: an acupuncture group (n=11) and wait-list group (n=11). The treatment group received 8 sessions of electroacupuncture over 8 weeks. Twenty points (CV4, CV12, both LR14, GB26, ST25, ST34, ST40, ST36, SP4, SP6, LR3) were selected for needling. The control group did not receive acupuncture treatment during study period and followup were done in the 4th and 8th weeks after randomization in both groups. The primary outcome was body fat computed tomography and the secondary outcomes included blood test (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoproteincholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, blood sugar test, ${\gamma}$-guanosine triphosphate) and body composition test (body mass index, weight, body fat mass, body fat rate, waist hip ratio). Safety was assessed at every visit. Results: There was no significant differences in between the experimental group and control group. There were no adverse events. Conclusions: The results suggest that In patients with NAFLD, electroacupuncture treatment did not induce worsening of liver disease and liver function, but it was no improvement symptoms of fatty liver. Study of herb medicine treatments and other acupuncture therapy of NAFLD are required later.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.333-350
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to research learning based on brain science and the learning methodology of Korean Medicine according to disparity of age. Through this, the study aimed to provide a guideline to related Korean Medicine treatments as well as the common nurturing/educational institutions. Methods: All journals and dissertations on brain science based learning methods studied in Korea to date that could be found in the National Assembly Library and the RISS were implemented in the analysis. The terminology used for search was as follows: 1st search, 'Brain'; 2nd search, 'Learning', 'Education'; 3rd search, 'Baby, 'Infant', 'Child'. For the learning methodology of Korean Medicine according to disparity of age, the related contents were extracted from Donguibogam and Liuyi, Sasang constitutional medicine. Results: A total of 30 studies, were collected as data. In the baby stage, the development and myelination of brain neurons are accelerated by experience and learning, highly influenced by social, cognitive and emotional movement. In infancy, the frontal lobe actively develops, so education for development of the prefrontal cortex is suggested. The brain of the infant at this stage can be developed by arts and physical education. In the child stage, the parietal and temporal lobe develop actively. Thus, programs to stimulate brain activity including brain respiration would be helpful in enhancing learning ability, concentration, etc. As evidence for learning and nurturing methodology according to disparity of age from Korean Medicine prospective, the following are listed: Location and time for sexual intercourse before pregnancy, stabilization during pregnancy, baby nurturing methods for nurturing from Donguibogam. Also Liuyi and Sasanag constitutional medicine can be the learning methodology according to disparity of age. And there are acupuncture points on each head section according to age in Donguibogam. Conclusions: Studies on 'brain-science based learning' are continuously being conducted. Based on these studies, diverse new brain-science based learning will be developed in the future. There is also a need to develop the learning methodology of Korean Medicine according to disparity of age in a more systematic and diverse way.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.59-75
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• 2018

Objectives : Contents regarding Qiuzimen as found in Beijiqianjinyaofang and Qianjinyifang were studied for their potentialities to be applied to infertility clinics. Methods : The contents on Qiuzimen in Beijiqianjinyaofang and Qianjinyifang are pondered upon after dividing into two categories of medical theory and therapeutic principle, and other related texts and dissertations are further studied to discover a potential subject matter in being applied to today's modern clinics. Results : 1. In medical theory, Sunsimiao picked five overexertions and seven damages as the main medical cause of infertility. For remedy, he established four common formula, which are: chinjasan, bakchotangpotang, suppository, and haseog(cheon)moondongwhan. 2. There are total of thirteen types of formula described in the Qiuzimen in Beijiqianjinyaofang and Qianjinyifang, and five acupuncture points are used in the moxibustion method. After analyzing the herbs that were used six or more times, it was discovered that medicines were used to tonify the viscera of heart and kidney that are damaged through five overexertions and seven damages. In moxibustion method, different points such as CV4, LR14, pomoon, cheonmoon, and KI2, which is the point for kidney meridian were used in order to tonify the uterus through lower abdomen area and reproductive organs. 3. Qiuzimen has not only had a great impact on the infertility treatment as found in Furendaquanliangfang, which is the first gynecology text in Song dynasty, but it also had a continuous impact on medical texts in Ming and Qing dynasty. 4. The infertility therapeutic principle and approach method as found in the Qiuzimen are still relevant in today's modern infetility treatment. Conclusions : In the Qiuzimen of Beijiqianjinyaofang and Qianjinyifang, the problem of infertility is viewed as the whole body's problem, namely a type of defective disease caused by five overexertions and seven damages, the view of which should be applied to today's modern clinics.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was resigned to observe change of body temperature for patients with low back muscular pain after NUGA MRT-II(pulsed electromagnetic therapy) treatment. Methods: This study was a randomized, patient-assessor blind, placebo-controlled, pilot trial study. After the approval of institutional review board(IRB), we have recruited 38 patients suffering from low back muscular pain and divided them into two groups randomly: the treatment group and control group. To the treatment group, NUGA MRT-II was practiced and to the control group sham device was practiced and their low back muscles and acupuncture points three times a week for 2 weeks from February 2011 to May 2011. After 1 week of last treatment, We compared body temperature of two groups. Results: 1. There was significant decrease of body temperature on both Shinsu(BL23), Chishil(BL52), Kwanwonsu(BL26) acupunture points for the treatment group. 2. There was no difference in the decrease of body temperature between treatment group and control group except. Left Kwanwonsu(BL26). Conclusions: We found out that treatment of NUGA MRT-II on low back muscular pain can reduce the temperature of low back.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2008

Objectives : This study is designed to investigate the association between Samcho-gyeong(TE) and the lower branch of Meridian system. Methods : The base of the study was established by searching for the historic conception of Samcho. Thereafter the meaning of lower correlation was considered and the property of lower part of Samcho Meridian system studied. Results : Samcho is a kind of Yug-Bu(Six hollow viscera, 六腑). It is a functional internal organ, which has been continuously controversial in history. It covers wide range of the internal organs and plays various kinds of roles. Samcho and Simpo lack in interrelation of obverse and reverse. The conception of Sanghap(Upper correlation, 上合) in Naegyeong supplements the deficiency. To establish the conception of Sanghap between Yug-Bu and Hand meridians, there should be established the conception of Hahap(Lower correlation, 下合) between Yug-Bu and foot meridians for treating lower parts. The existence of Hahaphyeol(Lower confluent points, 下合穴) reveals that there were a lot of limits in treating JungHa-cho(Middle and Lower energizers, 中下焦) diseases only with the acupoints of the Hand meridians. Jogsamcho(Triple energizer of foot, 足三焦) meridian written in Taeso(太素), corresponds to the lower leg, and it is believed that it engages in treating diseases in the trunk of the body and Hacho(Lower energizer, 下焦). Conclusions : Therefore, it is believed that the lower part of meridian of Samcho can deal with the symptoms of lower back pain, leg pain, bladder disease, and so on. This study is meaningful in that it expands the range of treatment in acupoints of the regular meridians.