• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this paper was to suggest new diagnostic method that was to supersede the estimation of electrical properties at acupoints. Thus, we developed the multi- frequencies bioelectrical impedance measurement system so as to analyze the state of bio-ions in body fluid as body compositions, not skin impedance at acupoint. Methods : At low frequency, the current does not penetrate the cell membrane and at high frequency, the current passes through both intracellular and extracellular fluid because of the decreas of cell membrane impedance. To confirm the reflection of composition in extracellular fluid or intracellular fluid of segment such as acupoint, the system was developed to detect the acupoint potential between adjacent two points in the area of LU3, LU4 and LU9 using 5,50 and 200KHz. Results : The detected acupoint potential has been decreased according to elevation of frequency. As a result of correlation of left/right identical acupoint, we observed a high correlation of three types of acupoint potential at multi-frequencies. Moreover, we observed the low correlation at 5KHz, and that was a significant factor to be considered as unbalanced relationship of identical acupoints. Conclusions : On the basis of meridian theoretical point of view, we may infer the acupoint's physiological composition using the multi-frequencies bioelectrical impedance measurement system.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.143-146
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• 2022

This study aims to report a case of facial dermatitis herpetiformis with allergy diseases improved by administration of Mahaengeuigam-tang (Maxingyigan-tang). Multiple blisters appeared on the patient's face, Erythema, papules, and scales were also observed on the neck, back, and knee areas of the patient. The patient has had cough, sputum, and dyspnea symptoms since she was 5-6 months old. After diagnosing the patient's condition as dermatitis herpetiformis, atopic dermatitis, and bronchial asthma through history taking and symptom observation, Mahaengeuigam-tang (Maxingyigan-tang) was prescribed for about 30 days. As a result of evaluation through our own criteria, dermatitis herpetiformis symptoms improved from 18 to 2 points. Atopic dermatitis and asthma symptoms also decreased from 12 to 0 and 20 to 3 points, respectively. Since this study has proven the efficacy of Mahaengeuigam-tang (Maxingyigan-tang) for dermatitis herpetiformis patient, this prescription may be fully utilized as the treatment for other inflammatory skin diseases.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.107-114
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• 2002

Objective : This study was designed to find the most effective and safest way to overcome Lumbago due to blood stasis and sprain involved in a few Meridian Tendino-musculatures by evaluating the effect of two kinds of Dong-gi(Dong-qi) Acupuncture(DGA) and by reporting their side effects. Material : 97 patients of out and admission patients were selected, who were diagnosed with lumbar sprain caused by repetitive bending, heavy weight lifting, unsuitable posture, concussion and falling down and whose Lumbago due to blood stasis and sprain in the concept of oriental medicine. Methods : 97 patients were divided into three groups. One is exclusive DGA group to which DGA and the method retaining needles on the acupoints for about 20 minutes were applied, the other is DGA combined active exercise group in which patients stretched their Meridian Tendino-muscuIatures with their hips moving up and downward repeatedly during DGA, the third is DGA combined passive exercise group in which patients were made to flex or extend their bodies on the auto flexion-distraction table in a prone position, from 10 to 20 degree, during DGA. In each group, bed rest, physical therapy and herbal medicine were used according to symptoms, in addition to DGA. In DGA method, "Su(Shu)" points of the meridian related to the involved Meridian Tendino-musculature were mainly chosen, that is, Sokkol(Shugu, B65), Hugye(Houxi, SI3), ChungJo(Zhongzhu, TE3) were used, for most LBP belonged to Bladder and Gallbladder Meridian Tendino-musculature disorders. Pyong-Bo-Pyong-Sa(Ping-Bu-Ping-Xie) such as Dong-Gi and Yeom-Jeon(Nian-Zhuan) was applied as Bo-Sa method. For evaluation of effectiveness, new score system was devised by severity of pain and range of movement. the score was given twice at patients' first and last visit and the difference between first and last score was regarded as a evaluation scale, the effectiveness was classified into four grade by evaluation scale.(scale : 12-15; excellent, 8-11; good, 4-7; fair, 0-3; bad) Results : 1. Exclusive DGA, DGA combined active exercise and DGA combined passive exercise group showed 97, 87 and 89% in effectiveness. 2. Exclusive DGA, DGA combined active exercise and DGA combined passive exercise group showed no aggravation of pain, range of movement. 3. In blood test of 34 patients, only one patient showed abnormal rise of sGOT, sGPT and $\gamma$-GTP at his first visit and the others didn't show any detrimental change. DGA had no bad influence upon BUN and creatinine of patients. Conclusion : For complex theraphy combining DGA, exercise, physical therapy and Herbal medicine proved to be highly effective on treating lumbago due to blood stasis and sprain, this is expected to be available for clinical use.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.264-271
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• 2013

Objectives : To observe the changes in the expression of neurotransmitters NO and enzymes that create NO, such as nNOS, iNOS and eNOS, upon the needle insertion on river point, one of the five transport points of three yang meridians on the forefoot. Methods : Based on rats, needle was inserted on both sides of LI5, SI5 and TE6, which are river points of three yang meridians on the forefoot, and were retained for five minutes. After the retention, blood was drawn via cardiac puncture and tissues from each point around meridian vessels were extracted to be examined on the changes of the expression of NO, as well as of nNOS, iNOS and eNOS. Results : In terms of the effect on NO creation in tissues, none of the experimental groups showed any significant change compared to the Normal group. In terms of the effect on expression of nNOS within tissues, LI5 and SI5 showed significant increase based on the results of immunohistochemistry. In iNOS within tissues, LI5 and SI5 showed significant increase based on the results of immunohistochemistry. In eNOS within tissues, SI5 showed significant increase based on the results of immunohistochemistry. Conclusions : The effect on the function of NO, nNOS, iNOS and eNOS of needle insertion on the river points of three yang meridians on the forefoot could be observed, and based on this study, it is considered that the effect of needle stimulation on the changes of nervous system could be found out through additional research.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 2013

Objectives : To observe the changes in the expression of nNOS, iNOS, eNOS and NO by the needle insertion on river points, one of the five transport points of three yang meridians of the foot. Methods : Based on rats, needle was inserted on both left and right sides of ST41, BL60 and GB38 and retained for five minutes. After the retention, blood was drawn via cardiac puncture and tissues from each point around meridian vessels were extracted to observe the changes in the expression of nNOS, iNOS, eNOS and NO. Results : In terms of the effect on expression of nNOS within tissues, ST41 showed significant decrease based on the results of immunohistochemistry. In terms of the effect on expression of iNOS within tissues, none of the experimental groups showed any significant change compared to the Normal group. Regarding expression of eNOS within tissues, GB38 showed significant increase based on the results of immunohistochemistry. In terms of the effect on NO creation in tissues, none of the experimental groups showed any significant change compared to the Normal group. Conclusions : The effect of needle insertion on the river points of three yang meridians of the foot on the function of nNOS, iNOS, eNOS and NO could be observed, and based on this study, it is considered that the effect of needle stimulation on the changes of nervous system could be found out through additional research.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.833-845
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• 2021

Parkinson's syndrome is a degenerative brain disease that presents characteristic motor symptoms of tremor, rigidity, and gait disturbance. In addition to these motor symptoms, Parkinson's syndrome also presents non-motor symptoms (NMSs) such as sleep disturbance and cognitive decline. NMSs reduce patient's quality of life and psychosocial functioning and cause economic burden on the patient, so appropriate evaluation and treatment are required. Lewy body dementia is one of the several diseases belonging to Parkinson's syndrome. Its symptoms such as cognitive function, memory impairment, and hallucinations occur with Parkinsonism. Although drug therapy is being used with drug treatment to treat non-motor symptoms, it has limitations such as side effects, which stimulated interest in other complementary treatment methods such as oriental medicine treatment, dance, and yoga. The patient in this case complained of tremor in the right upper extremity, muscle hypertension and pain, and persistent vision, memory, and cognitive decline. The patient was diagnosed with probable Lewy body dementia. The patient was hospitalized for 4 months and received acupuncture and herbal medicines. After treatment, the patient's NMS scale scores decreased from 90 to 63, and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale scores (summed I, II, and III) decreased from 17 points to 8 points. The Beck Depression Inventory score decreased from 22 points to 13 points. In addition, the patient's subjective evaluation revealed improvement. In this case, a patient diagnosed with probable Lewy body dementia who did not respond to the standard treatment and did not want to take medications showed improvement in not only motor symptoms but also NMSs after integrative Korean medicine treatment.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.163-173
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• 2010

Objectives : The objective of this study was to assess the effects of acupuncture applied at 114 and Liv3 points on heart rate variability (HRV) in normal subjects under mental stress. Methods: 36 healthy male and female subjects were recruited and randomized to a treatment group(18 subjects) or a control group (18 subjects). After 10-minutes rest period and instrumentation, both groups performed a mental stress test(Stroop color word test, Arithmetic test. four rule of arithmetic task) for l6-minutes. HRV was recorded before and after the mental stress. And then acupuncture needles were inserted on 114 and Liv3 for the study group. In the control group, they rested for l5-minutes. And Heart rate variability(HRV) was measured. Results: In the both groups, low frequency(LF) power, normalized low frequency power(LF(norm)) and ratio of low frequency to high frequency(LF/HF) was significantly increased after mental stress. Acupuncture induced significant decrease in low frequency(LF) power, normalized low frequency power(LF(norm)) and ratio of low frequency to high frequency (LF/HF) which was increased after mental stress test. In contrast, control group induced no changes. Conclusions : Acupuncture on 114 and Liv3 could be useful to decrease sympathetic activity and prevent the alteration of autonomic nervous system due to mental stress.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2 s.30
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• pp.9-16
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• 1995

Forty four patients with Bell's palsy were treated with acupuncture from onset and clinical observation was carried on from March 1994 through Feburary 1995. Acupuncture treatment was done 3 times per week and the acupuncture points were LI4 Hapkok, ST36 Choksamni, LI20 Yonghyang, BL2 Ch'anjuk, TE17 Yep'ung, ST4 Chich'ang, ST6 Hyopko, GV26 Sugu, CV24 Sungjang, GB14 Yangbaek and Ex-HN4 Oyo. They were inserted to a depth of 0.5 to 1.0 cm. After insertion, manipulation was carried on until the patients felt strong numbness or De Qi sensation induced by rotating or twisting needles. Through-needling in lengths varying from 2.0 to 3.5 cm was also applied from ST4 Chich'ang to ST6 Hyopko, from GV26 Sugu or CV24 Sungjang to ST4 Chich'ang and from GB14 Yangbaek to Ex-HN4 Oyo. The mean age was 39.3 and 63.6% of the patients were women, including one pregnant woman. There was no recurrent palsy in this study. By applying the House-Brackmann facial nerve grading scales, patients were evaluated weekly from the first treatment to judged recovery or the 7th week of the treatment. 86.4% of the patients were recovered completely within 7 weeks and the average healing period was 3.7 weeks.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.61-73
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to estimate the test-retest reliability and the intratest repeatability in measuring the lumbar range of motion of healthy volunteers with wireless microelectromechanical system inertial measurement unit(MEMS-IMU) system and to discuss the feasibility of this system in the clinical setting to evaluate the lumbar spine movement. Methods : 19 healthy male volunteers were participated, who got under 21 points at oswestry disability index(ODI) were adopted. Their lumbar motion were measured with IMU twice in consecutive an hour for the test-retest reliability study. Intratest repeatability was calculated in the two tests separately. The calculated intraclass correlation coefficients(ICC) were discussed and compared with the those of the previous studies. Results : Lumbar range of motion of flexion $41.45^{\circ}$, extension $16.34^{\circ}$, right lateral bending $16.41^{\circ}$ left lateral bending $13.63^{\circ}$ right rotation $-2.47^{\circ}$, left rotation $-0.61^{\circ}$. ICCs were 0.96~1.00(intratest repeatability) and 0.61~0.92(test-retest reliability). Conclusion : This study shows that MEMS-IMU system demonstrates a high test-retest reliability and intratest repeatability by calculated intraclass correlation coefficients. The results of this study represents that wireless inertial sensor measurement system has portable and economical efficiency. By MEMS-IMU system, we can measures lumbar range of motion and analyze lumbar motion effectively.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.180-187
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• 2000

By process of treatment for a case which diagnosed as glossopharyngeal neuralgia and admitted from the 4th, August, 2000 to the 1st, September, 2000, the results are as follows. Method & Resuits : This patient was diagnosed as Flaring up of Heart-fire(心火上炎), medicated Gamichengsimyeonja-eum(JiaWeiQingXinLianZi-Yin) and acupunture therapy was taken on proximal acupoints of right throat and parotid and distal acupoints inciuding Yuji(L10, 魚際), Taixi(K6,太谿), Zhaohai(K3, 照海), Hegu(LI4, 合谷) and Taichong(Liv3, 太衝). And negative therapy was taken on some pressure points of Jianzhongshu(SI15, 肩中兪) Jianjing(G21, 肩井) and Futu(LI18, 扶突). As a result, the patient's paroxysmal megalgia was improved. Conclusion : I consider that idiopathic pain diseases including glossopharyngeal neuralgia can improved by Oriental-Western collaborative medical treatment and continuous research must be accumulated subsequently.