• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.389-404
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate acupuncture therapy for post-stroke cognitive disorder to suggest the methods of a study about acupuncture therapy. Methods: Several academic databases were used in this study, including National Digital Science Library (NDSL), National Assembly Library of Korea, Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal, Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), Korean studies Information Service System (KISS), Korean Medical Database (KMBASE), Korea Med, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), PubMed, MEDLINE with Full Text, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Keywords used were "중풍", "뇌졸중", "인지장애", "침", "acupuncture", and "cognitive disorder". Results: Ultimately, 28 papers were investigated. that were mainly published in 2012 and 2016. Of these, More than two-thirds received a score of one or less on the Jadad scale. Acupuncture points such as GV20, GV24, PC6, EX-HN1, SP6, and GV26 were most frequently used. The treatment duration was mostly 30 minutes or less, and the treatment cycle was mostly for four weeks. Dilatational wave was generally used in pulse wave form, and amplitude of electricity was increased until patients were able to endure. G6805 was generally used in electric acupuncture apparatus. According to results of acupuncture treatment, assessments such as the MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) and the Montreal Cognitive Function Assessment Scale (MoCA) showed statistically significant improvements in 28 studies. Conclusions: Future research is needed to standardize the treatment of acupuncture, and more diversified high quality papers should be published to help clarify the therapeutic effects of acupuncture and the mechanisms of cognitive disorder post-stroke.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.123-147
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• 2012

Objective : By establishing the Five Viscera Source Point Acupuncture as the targeted acupuncture treatment for stadardization, as the first step, this study was conducted to sort the indications of each acupuncture remedies, which can be referred as one of the most important factors in acupuncture treatment, based on Yeoungchu. Method : This study selected only the contents related to indications of five viscera, by extracting the relevant sentences from Yeoungchu using the search words Liver(Liver Meridian, First Yin), Heart(Pericardium, Heart Meridian, Second Yin), Spleen(Spleen meridian, Third Yin), Lung(Lung Meridian, Third Yin), and Kidney(Kidney Meridian, Second Yin). Result & Conclusion : 1. We selected and extracted text related to liver disease from Chapter 16, heart (pericardium) disease from Chapter 16, spleen disease from Chapter 19, lung disease from Chapter 17, and finally kidney disease from Chapter 17 of Yeoungchu. 2. The basic theory of applying Five Viscera Source Point Acupuncture to five viscera diseases is first assorting the diseases according to its state (i.e. deficiency or excess), then draining the source point of the appropriate viscus in case of excess, or supplementing the source point of the appropriate viscus in case of deficiency. 3. For the correct application of Five Viscera Source Point Acupuncture, the classification of the disease, not only the judgement on its state, must be presented systematically and synthetically in combination with Four Examinations. Therefore the follow-up studies needs to be conducted.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.165-171
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• 2005

목적 : 견관절 질환의 대부분의 원인을 차지하는 극상근건과 견봉하 점액낭 질환 침치료에 있어서 근위취혈의 관점으로 접근했을 때 손상된 조직인 극상근건과 견봉하 점액낭에 자입하는 것이 중요하다. 어떻게 이 조직에 접근할 것인가에 대해 X선 촬영을 통해 확인해 보고자 한다. 방법 : 4명의 지원자를 받아서 견우혈(LI 15), 거골혈(巨骨穴)(LI 16), 노상혈(UE 57)의 혈자리에 투시촬영을 이용해 자침을 하였다. 투시촬영으로 원하는 조직에 침이 자입되었음을 확인한 후 X선 촬영을 하여 확인하는 방법으로 진행하였다. 결과 : 견우혈(LI 15) 자침시(刺針時) 5cm의 깊이로 직자(直刺)할 때 원하는 조직인 근상근건과 견봉하 점액낭에 도달하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 거골혈(巨骨穴)(LI 16) 자침시(刺針時) 5cm의 깊이로 노상혈 부위로 하사자(下斜刺) 했을 때, 노상혈(UE 57) 자침시(刺針時) 5cm의 깊이로 거골혈(巨骨穴) 부위로 상사자(上斜刺) 했을 때 극상근건과 견봉하 점액낭에 도달함을 확인할 수 있었다. 결론 : 극상근건과 견봉하 점액낭 질환을 근위취혈의 관점으로 치료하고자 할 때 견우혈, 거골혈(巨骨穴), 노상혈에 정확한 깊이와 방향으로 자입을 해야 원하는 조직인 극상근건과 견봉하 점액낭에 자입할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.221-227
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• 2006

Objectives : The purpose of this case is to report the improvement after treatment about tonic spasm of a transverse myelitis patient. Methods : We treated the patient with acupuncture therapy and herbal medicine from the 19th July 2006 to the 4th October 2006. At first we used Ssanghwa-tang until the 24th July 2006. After that we used Samul-tang until 2nd August. Lastly we used Yukmigihwang-tang until the 4th October 2006. And we used acupuncture at Asi points and used Sheng Ge of Liver from beginning to end. We checked the patient with frequency of tonic spasm and other symptoms. Results : After two months of treatments, frequency of tonic spasm decreased and abdominal muscle rigidity, visual disturbance, ocular discomfort and oppressed feeling in the chest were improved.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

Objectives : Lateral epicondylitis on elbow is one of the most common causes of elbow pain. Lateral epicondylitis can be managed with acupuncture, but the evidence for its effectiveness is uncertain. The purpose of this review is to investigate the trends of acupuncture treatments on lateral epicondylitis. Methods : We investigated the studies about acupuncture treatments for lateral epicondylitis via searching 5 Korean web databases(KTKP, RISS, OASIS, KCI, Kisti) The key search terms were 'Lateral epicondylitis', 'Tennis elbow', 'External epicondylitis'. 12 research papers(10 case reports, 1 RCT, 1NRCT) were found to be analyzed according to their published year, the titles of journals, published institution, the types of study, the number of cases, the types of treatments, the instruments for assessment and ethical approvals. The effectiveness of acupuncture treatment was classified. Results : 12 papers were published since 2003. The studies on acupuncture treatments about lateral epicondylitis were mainly published in The journal of pharmacopuncture. 10 case reports, 1 non-randomized controlled trials, 1 randomized controlled trials had been under research. In most of the research, the number of the cases were not enough. In 9 cases of the studies, various korean medicine treatments including acupuncture were used to treat the symptoms. In 3 cases of the studies single method was used to treat the symptoms. Visual analogue scale(VAS) and range of motion(ROM), grip strength were used as primary assessments. Among 12 clinical studies, 1 of them were accepted by institutional review board(IRB). Conclusions : In this study, we analyzed the trends of acupuncture treatments on lateral epicondylitis. Reviewing the domestic trends of studies on acupuncture treatments for lateral epicondylitis and examining the strong and weak points of those treatments are essential for the future studies.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 2008

A 5-year-old male Chihuahua with oral discomfort due to the presence of a maxillary acanthomatous epulis was referred to the acupuncture service at the Veterinary Medical Center of the University of Florida. For the patient, acupuncture treatments were performed for 11 sessions, at 1 month intervals with Chinese herbal medicine. The acupuncture points and Chinese herbal medicine used were selected based on TCM principles. The selected acupoints were Zusanli(ST36), Fenglong(ST40), Gongsun(SP4), Sanyinjiao(SP6), Pishu(BL20), Weishu(BL21), Taichang(LIV3), and Baihui(GV20). In addition, the Chinese herbal formulas Nei Xiao Wan and Si Jun Zi Tang were chosen. After one year of acupuncture and administration of Chinese herbal medicine, the acanthomatous epulis was remarkably decreased in size. It is considered that the use of acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine would be useful treatments of canine acanthomatous epulis.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.50-59
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• 2012

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effects of high frequency electroacupuncture, low frequency electroacupuncture and manual acupuncture on the autonomic nervous system in stroke patients by using a heart rate variability measuring device. Methods: Thirty-nine participants were recruited and each participated in the high frequency electroacupuncture group, low frequency electroacupuncture group, manual acupuncture group and non-acupuncture group. Some participants received needle insertion with 100 Hz stimulation, with 2Hz stimulation and manual stimulation under mental arithmetic stress during 2 sections. Other participants maintained in the supine position without acupuncture under mental arithmetic stress during the 2 sections. Acupuncture needles were directly inserted perpendicularly to the right Liv 3 acupoint followed by delivery of electric pulses to these points for 8 minutes. Heart rate variability was measured 8 minutes before and 16 minutes after acupuncture stimulation by a heart rate variability measuring system. Results: We found a significant elevated HF total power between 1 section and 2 section and between 1 section and 4 section in the non-acupuncture group, between 3 section and 4 section in the 100Hz electroacupuncture group, and between 1 section and 2 section in the manual acupuncture group and with no change in the 2Hz electroacupuncture group. We also found a significant VLF total power between 2 section and 3 section in the 2Hz electroacupuncture group and between 1 section and 4 section and between 2 section and 4 section in the 100Hz electroacupuncture group. All four groups showed no significant differences in other parameters including heart rate mean, low-frequency power, and the ratio of low-frequency power to high-frequency power. Conclusions: This study may be a basis for research about effects of acupuncture and electroacupuncture because the parameters measured, heart rate variability, showed differences according to acupuncture.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.109-118
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for chronic fatigue syndrome and idiopathic chronic fatigue. Methods : A randomized, controlled pilot trial was conducted. Twenty-four participants were randomized into one of the two groups: an acupuncture group(n=12) and wait-list group(n=12). The treatment group received 12 sessions of acupuncture over 4 weeks. Eight points($GV_{20}$; bilateral GB20, $BL_{11}$, $BL_{13}$, $BL_{15}$, $BL_{18}$, $BL_{20}$, and $BL_{23}$) were selected for needling. The control group did not receive acupuncture treatment during study period and follow-up were done in the $5^{th}$ and $9^{th}$ weeks after randomization in both groups. The primary outcome was fatigue severity scale(FSS) and the secondary outcomes included a short form of stress response inventory(SRI-short form), beck depression inventory(BDI), and insomnia severity index(ISI). Safety was assessed at every visit. Results : There were statistically significant differences in the between group values of FSS at $5^{th}$ weeks after randomization(p=0.0002), SRI-short form, BDI, and ISI at $5^{th}$, $9^{th}$ weeks after randomization(p<0.01). There were no adverse events. Conclusions : The results suggest that acupuncture is associated with benefits on the short-term outcomes in chronic fatigue syndrome and idiopathic chronic fatigue.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.13-23
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• 2004

This study aimed at examining the effects of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(PENS) applied to different parts of the streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats on the change of glucose level and spinal neuron excitability. A total of twenty-eight SD rats, divided into four groups, were used as experiment animal. Experiment group I, the normal control group, was composed of normal rats without diabetes induction. Experiment group was composed II of the rats without any treatment after experimental diabetes induction. Experiment group III was composed of the rats with 2 Hz and $200\;{\mu}s$ of PENS to the acupuncture points related with diabetes for 20 minutes after diabetes induction. Experiment group IV was composed of the rats with 2 Hz and $200\;{\mu}s$ of PENS to the parts unrelated with diabetes for 20 minutes after diabetes induction. The results can be summarized as follow: As for glucose level, the group I showed no change within normal range, and the group III showed significant increase, compared with other groups (p<0.05). As for the change of H latency, M and H amplitude, the group III showed significant differences in decrease of latency and amplitude (p<0.05). As for Hmax/Mmax ratio, the normal and other groups showed no significant differences in decrease of amplitude. It can be concluded from the above results that PENS to the acupuncture points of the STZ-induced diabetic rats was effective for spinal neurone excitability, in particular, for those of the group with PENS to the acupuncture points. This study was conducted in the period of acute diabetes induction, and therefore, further study should be conducted in the period of chronic diabetes to research both acute and chronic diabetes.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.35-36
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• 2003

Background: Evidence based medicine has become main tools for medical practice. However, conducting a highly ranked in the evidence hierarchy pyramid is not easy or feasible at all times and places. There remains a room for descriptive clinical outcome measure studies with admitting the limit of the intepretation. Aims: Presents three Korean clinic based outcome measure studies with a view to encouraging Korean clinicians to conduct similar studies. Methods: Three studies are presented briefly here in치uding 1) Quality of Life of liver cancer patients after 8 Constitutional acupuncture; 2) Developing a Korean version of Measuring yourself Medical Outcome profile (MYMOP); and 3) Survey on 5 Shu points: a pilot In the first study, we have included 4 primary or secondary liver cancer patients collecting their diagnostic X-ray film and clinical data f개m their hospital, and asked them to fill in the European Organization Research and Treatment of Cancer, Quality of Life Questionnaire before the commencement of the treatment. The acupuncture treatment is set up format but not disclosed yet. The translation and developing a Korean version of outcome measures that is Korean clinician friendly has been sought for MYMOP is one of the most appropriate one. The permission was granted, the translation into Korean was done, then back translated into English only based on the Korean translation by the researcher who is bilingual in both languages. The back translation was compared by the original developer of MYMOP and confirmed usable. In order to test the existence of acupoints and meridians through popular forms of Korean acupuncture regimes, we aim at collecting opinions from 101 Korean clinicians that have used those forms. The questions asked include most effective symptoms, 5 Shu points, points those are least likely to use due to either adverse events or the lack of effectiveness, theoretical reasons for the above proposals, proposing outcome measures, and the time from insertion to be effective. The questionnaire is posted on the virtual notice board of the homepage of the communication KOMA (The official tool of Association of Korean Oriental Medicine).