• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2003

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of scalp acupuncture on recovery from motor disorders in stroke patients. Methods: Twenty-two patients with post-stroke hemiplegia were randomized into two groups. Ten patients (test group) were treated by 2 methods: scalp acupuncture and general acupuncture. The other twelve patients (control group) were treated only with general acupuncture. The activity of daily living was measured with a National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) and Modified Barthel Index (MBI). The therapy was performed once a day for 2 weeks. Results: In terms of NIHSS score, the test group showed statistically meaningful decrease after 2 weeks treatment, while the control group showed statistically meaningful decrease after 1 week (p<0.05). And in terms of score of MBI, the test group did not show statistically meaningful increase but the control group showed statistically meaningful increase after 1 week (p<0.05). There was no statistically meaningful difference after 1 and 2 weeks treatment between the groups. Conclusions: These results support that the test group has almost same the effectiveness compared with the control group in improvement of the activity of daily living of post-stroke hemiplegic patients.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.261-271
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• 1999

Mining activity in the Gubong gold mine started in 1908 and lasted up to recent days. Heavy metals derived from the activity may be porentially toxic to human life and envirinment of this area. Because metal toxicity depends on chemical associations into five operationally defined groups: exchangeable, carbonate, reducible, oxidizable, and residual fractions, and the Most of heavy metals have significant little significance (alomost<1%). And Cu is mainly associated with the oxidizable from. Total concentration of heavy metals, pH, and mineralogy affect the chemical forms of the metals. Heavy metal concentrations. Significant amounts of metal elements (5∼65.1% in Pb, 6.2∼39.7% in Zn, 8.7∼54.7% in Cd, and 3.6∼24.7% in Cu) were present in carbonate form from mine wastes, contaminated soils and sediments. High pH value and cerussite (Pb bearing carbonate mineral) in mine wastes, contaminated soils and sediments. High pH value and cerussite (Pb beraring varbonate mineral) in mine waste support this result. Areas with high corbonate bound from would have higher potentoal conamination, however, because elements of carbonate bound forms are easily mobilized under lower pH conditions in the surface envionments due to acid to rain soil acidification.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.667-676
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• 1999

The roles of ceria on three-way catalyst is to improve the noble metal dispersion and thermal stability of support ${\gamma}$-$Al_2O_3$. And, ceria has a oxygen storage capacity(OSC) under fuel rich/lean conditions to improve the operating windows of NOx, THC and CO conversion. However, ceria has weak thermal stability under high temperature due to the crystallite growth. So that, the OSC of ceria is decreased, and then the conversions of NOx, THC and CO is decreased. One way of enhancing the thermal stability and NOx, THC and CO conversion Pd-only catalyst is to improve as well as its thermal stability and oxygen storage capacity of the ceria. Especially, the appropriate mixing ratios of bulk and stabilized ceria are very important for designing principles of Pd-only three-way catalysts. In this paper, we discussed the thermal properties of stabilizedand unstabilized (bulk) ceria, and the oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of catalysts, and found the correlation between activity and the OSC of Pd-only catalysts with various different mixing ratios of bulk and stabilized ceria. Finally, we propose the design principles to improve the thermal stability of washcoated Pd-only catalysts.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.726-739
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• 2013

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) converts synthesis gas (CO and $H_2$) into longer chain hydrocarbons by a surface polymerization reaction. Cobalt- or iron-based catalysts normally show excellent activity for syngas conversion to petroleum products leading to super clean diesel fuels. The catalytic activities of the catalysts in FTS depend on the number of active sites on the surface. The number of active site was determined by the active metal particle size, loading amount, reduction degree and support-active metal interaction. The investigation adopts new methodology in preparing FT catalyst, which contains the controlled synthesis of active metal. The main focus of this paper is to give an overview of the types of catalysts, also including their preparation and reduction; the types of FT reactors; and also including the reaction conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.51-58
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• 2009

The senior adults which are a central manpower of economic activity of the nation decreased and the elderly sustenance allowance already went over 10%. And the economic activity participation of the woman which are the supporter of the unpaid the elderly within the family is increasing. This big change is expected to support awareness. To respond to these changes, the improvement of social welfare system for elderly with the job of retirement lifestyles of the elderly, a figure that is needed for the ceremony. The elderly medical treatment facility that began in 2008 the elderly long-term medical treatment law enforcement because of the demand is expected to grow. It is forecast with the fact that the data which is fundamental is most important will become that old person medical treatment facility of the middle-aged layer which is a central role of the protector who decides the facility use of the preliminary consumer of the elderly care facility and currently the very the elderly and manhood ceremony and the preference to plan of the elderly welfare facility. The purpose of this study is to present the fundamental data about the elderly care facility for comparative analysis the awareness & perfernces of the elderly care facilities of the senior adults & the elderly.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1749-1759
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• 2019

Aspergillus ochraceus biofilm, developed on an inert support, can produce tannase in Khanna medium containing 1.5% (w/v) tannic acid as the carbon source, at an initial pH of 5.0, for 72 h at 28℃. Addition of 0.1% (w/v) yeast extract increased enzyme production. The enzyme in the crude filtrate exhibited the highest activity at 30℃ and pH 6.0. At 50℃, the half-life (T50) was 60 min and it was 260 min at pH 6.0. In general, addition of detergents and surfactants did not affect tannase activity significantly. Tannase has potential applications in various biotechnological processes such as the production of propyl gallate and in the treatment of tannin-rich effluents. The content of tannins and total phenolic compounds in effluents from leather treatment was reduced by 56-83% and 47-64%, respectively, after 2 h of enzyme treatment. The content of tannins and total phenolic compounds in the sorghum flour treated for 120 h with tannase were reduced by 61% and 17%, respectively. Interestingly, the same A. ochraceus biofilm was able to produce tannase for three sequential fermentative process. In conclusion, fungal biofilm is an interesting alternative to produce high levels of tannase with biotechnological potential to be applied in different industrial sectors.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.73-85
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• 2010

The chapter holds great importance in understanding the fundamental aspect of disease occurrence, for it contains key concepts of disease of Naegyeong medicine. For this reason, prominent doctors from Jang Gyeong-ak(張景岳) of Ming to Lee Gyujun (李奎晙) of late Josun have based their Yang Gi-centered medical theories on this chapter. However, doctors such as Ju Jinhyeong(朱震亨) who have stressed the importance of Eum, also used the contents of this chapter to support their perspective on disease, which means that the main voice of this chapter is still unclear. Based on the previous chapter, it is valid to say that uses the Eum-Yang Body-Function Perspective(陰陽體用觀) to establish the fundamentals of life and parallels the uniqueness of each kind of Gi, Eum and Yang, in leading Gi activity in mankind. This philosophy based on the uniqueness of the activity of Eum/Yang Gi expands its target from human to disease in general, becoming actualized as a theory of external/internal body-function perspective. Cultivation methods based on this uniqueness is also being suggested.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.658-664
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• 2020

Zeolite HY is wet impregnated with Ni (0.1, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 wt%), Pt (0.1 wt%) and reduced in presence of hydrogen to form nanosized particles of Ni and Pt. All the catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, ESCA, NH₃-TPD, Pyridine adsorbed FT-IR and BET. Characterization results confirm that the Ni and Pt fractions effectively rehabilitated the physio-chemical properties of the zeolite HY catalysts. Further, all the reduced catalyst were screened with hydroisomerization of m-xylene at LHSV = 2.0 h^-1 in the temperature range 250-400 ℃ in steps of 50 ℃ in hydrogen atmosphere (20 ml/g). The addition of Ni to Pt catalyst increases hydroisomerization conversion, as well as maximizes p-xylene selectivity by restricting the pore size. The increasing trend in activity continues up to 0.3 wt% of Ni and 0.1 wt% Pt addition over zeolite HY. The increasing addition of Ni increases the total number of active metallic sites to exposed, which increases the metallic sites/acid sites ratio towards the optimum value for these reactions by better balance of synergic effect for stable activity. The rate of deactivation is pronounced on monometallic catalysts. The results confirm the threshold Ni addition is highly suitable for hydroisomerization reaction for product selectivity over Ni-Pt bimetallic/support catalysts.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.20-36
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is estimating environmental carving capacity of Seoul Metropolitan Area for a sustainable city management using system dynamics model. A sustainable development requires a society to define sustainability constraints or environmental limits, environmental carving capacity. Environmental carving capacity can be defined as the level of human activity which a region can sustain at an acceptable quality of life level. This concept of environmental carving capacity has several important application to sustainable city planning and management. If the limitation of a human activity can be supported by a scientific data on carving capacity, the resulting decision and actions could more easily win public support for a sustainable development. However, one of the key issues is how to operationalize the carving capacity. In this paper, the environmental carving capacity was operationalized as a maximum number of industry structure, population, and housing that can sustain certain level of environmental quality of Seoul Metropolitan Area. The model developed in this paper consisted off sectors: population, housing, industry, land, and environmental sector. The model limits its main focus on the NO$_2$level of ambient air of Seoul. Carving capacity Seoul Metropolitan Area was estimated by figuring out the maximum number of population, industry structure, housing at an equilibrium point that sustain a desirable NO$_2$level. Based on the model estimation, several policy implications for a sustainable city management was discussed.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.176-182
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• 2020

In this paper, to analyze the meaning of middle-aged men's economic activities, TEXTOM was used to analyze them. The data collection period is set from 2017 to 2019. Among the collected data, 100 refined words were converted into a matrix in which the degree of social connection was calculated, and the keyword network analysis was performed again with the NetDraw program. According to the study, middle-aged men put more meaning on their current work and family than their future retirement. Also, the related word commonly included in the top five for all three years was 'work'. Related words commonly included in the top 10 were 'old age', 'family', and 'work', and in 2018 and 2019, 'health' was included in the top 10. As a result of this, the middle-aged men living in the modern age are the generation who keep their families through economic activities and are increasingly interested in health and prepare for retirement. Therefore, policy support for stable economic activities is needed to improve the quality of life for middle-aged men. It is necessary to extend the retirement age, expand jobs and provide effective vocational training so that it can handle its role as the head of a family. In addition, measures should be taken to reduce the wage gap between highly skilled and low-skilled workers.