• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회/대한산업공학회 2003년도 춘계공동학술대회
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• pp.494-501
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• 2003

Web casting has become an important opportunity to apply the user-centered concept to broadcasting because it provides real-time interactive service through time and space. It is also necessary to have a new understanding about user who is not a passive viewer any more but an active user. The amount and quality of contents are also important, but usability is a competitive factor as well as the fundamental customer services that have user best experience at the site. Nevertheless most of web casting sites show the low level of usability. In this study we had a comparative evaluation among these sites, MBC, KBS and SBS, which are the representative broadcasting systems. The tests were carried out as heuristic evaluation and usability testing. We analyzed causes and problems of web usability for customer satisfaction and reliability exaltation, and expected the basic knowledge of developing and improving sites.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.109-126
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• 1993

Refractory periodontitis manifest progressive attachment loss in a rapid and unrelenting manner regardless of the type or frequency of therapy applied. The purpose of this study was ta evaluate the relation between the level of cytokines in GCF and periodontopathic microflora with disease activity of refractory periodontitis. Selection of patients with refractory periodontitis (7 males, 3 females) were made by long term clinical observation including conventional clinical history and parameters. Teeth that showed pocket depth greater than 6mm were selected as sample teeth. Subjects were examined at baseline and after 3 months. Prior to baseline test, individual acrylic stent was fabricated. Reference grooves were made on each sample tooth site. Pocket depth and attachment loss were measured by Florida Probe. Gingival index was measured at 4 sites each sample teeth. Disease activity was defined as attachment loss of ${\ge}$ 2.1mm, as determined by sequential probing and tolerance method. The pattern and amount of alveolar bone resorption was observed with quantitative digital subtraction image processing radiography. Morphological analysis of subgingival bacteria was taken by phase contrast microscopy. Predominant cultivable bacterial distribution and frequency were compared between disease-active and disease-inactive site using immunofluorescence microscopy and selective microbial culturing. Levels of $interleukin-l{\beta}$, 2, 4, 6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in GCF and blood serum sample were quantified by ELISA. In active sites, P. intermedia was significantly increased to compare with inactive site. $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in GCF were increased in active sites and IL-2 in serum was increased in active patients significantly. Alveolar bone loss in active site was correlated with $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-2 in GCF. And loss of attachment in active site was correlated with IL-2 in GCF. These results demonstrate that IL-2 in serum, $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in GCF, P, intermedia might be used as possible predictors of disease activity in refractory periodontitis before it is clinically expressed as attachment loss and quantitative alveolar bone change.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.419-427
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• 2020

토천궁(L. chuanxiong Hort.)은 산형과(Umbelliferae) 기름 당귀속(Ligusticum)에 속하는 다년생 식물로, 뿌리를 이용하는 효능 및 약리작용으로 인하여 약용 목적으로 재배된다. 입지환경과 생육 특성 및 지표성분과의 상관관계를 파악한다면 보다 명확한 토천궁의 임간 재배환경 조건을 확립할 수 있을 것이며, 사회·경제적으로 관심이 증가하고 있는 고품질의 단기소득임산물 생산을 위한 기초자료를 확보할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 기후변화에 대응하여 토천궁의 기후대별 입지환경과 생육 특성 및 성분 함량과의 상관관계를 구명하여 최적의 재배환경에 대한 정보를 제공하는데 있다. 기후대별 입지환경 차이에 따른 토천궁의 특성을 비교하기 위해 온대 남부의 경상남도 함양군 삼봉산, 온대중부의 경상북도 봉화군 미림산, 온대북부의 강원도 정선군 가리왕산에 각 시험지를 선정하였고, 토천궁을 이식해 생육 특성, 토양 이화학성 분석, 기후 측정, 지표성분 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 정선의 토천궁 생중량 및 건중량이 49.08 g 및 20.89 g으로 가장 높았으며, 근장 및 근직경도 각각 22.79 cm 및 52.46 mm로 함양과 봉화보다 높았다. 유효성분 함량은 정선에서 senkynolid A, z-ligustilide, chlorogenic acid, trans-ferulic acid 총 함량이 21.59 mg/g으로 높게 나타났다. 토천궁의 수량과 성분특성은 생육 환경에 영향을 받으며, 해발고가 높고 기온이 낮으며 토양 수분함량이 적은 지역에서 재배하는 것이 유효성분 함량과 생산량 증가에 유리하다고 사료된다. 본 연구는 환경조건과 생육 특성 및 지표성분 함량과의 상관관계에 대한 자료로써 산림 내 재배환경의 확립 및 연구의 기초가 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1996년도 추계학술발표회논문집(1)
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• pp.230-235
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• 1996

The new concept of dry area formation based on Poisson distribution of active nucleation sites and the concept of the critical active site density is presented. A simple statistical model is developed to predict the change of slope of the boiling curve up to critical heat flux (CHF) quantitatively. The predictions by the present model are in good agreement with the experimental data. Also it turns out that the present model well explains the mechanism on how the surface wettability influences CHF.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.191-205
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• 2012

사체의 부패단계에 따라 발생하는 곤충은 차이가 있다. 본 결과는 사체의 유기조건에 따라 발생하는 절족동물의 종류를 법의학적으로 활용하고자 유기 가능성이 높은 여러 장소에서 수행한 일련의 연구 중 부패단계를 용이하게 구분할 수 있었던 몇몇 장소에서 사체의 부패단계에 따라 발생하였던 파리류를 비교 분석한 것이다. 부패단계에 따라 발생한 파리류는 유기장소(야산, 들판, 하천, 온실, 옥상)와 유기계절(봄, 여름, 가을, 겨울) 및 사체의 매장 유무에 따라 부패의 진행에 차이가 있음에 따라 차이가 있었다. 사체의 부패는 여름에 가장 빨리 진행되었으며 겨울철 온실에서 유기한 사체는 다른 장소에 비하여 빨리 진행되었다. 그리고 매장한 사체에 비하여 노출되었던 사체의 부패가 빨리 진행되었다. 모든 유기장소에서 노출처리된 사체의 부패초기 단계인 신선기(fresh stage)에 발생한 파리류는 구리금파리(Phaenicia sericata)와 연두금파리(Lucilia illustris), Lucilia sp., 큰검정빰금파리(Chrysomyia pinguis), 검정빰금파리(C. megacephala) 등 검정파리과(Calliphoridae)로 계절에 따라 차이가 있기는 하였지만 대체로 2일 이내에 성충이 사체를 찾아 들었다. 반면 매장처리에서는 신선기에 사체를 찾아드는 파리가 없었다. 쉬파리과(Sarcophagidae) 파리들은 유기 장소와 시기에 관계없이 사체에 유인되었으나 매장처리에 비하여 노출처리에 빨리 유인되었다. 또한 쉬파리과 파리는 온실에 유기한 사체에 더 빨리 유인되었으며 발생하는 시간도 짧았다. 온실에서 봄과 여름에는 신선기(fresh)에서 부패활성기(active decay) 사이에 유인되었으나 가을에는 신선기에서 부패진전기(advanced decay) 사이에 유인되었고, 겨울에는 부패진전기(advanced decay)와 유지기(remains) 사이에 유인되어 계절에 따른 부패단계에서도 발생하는 시기에 차이가 있었다. 큰검정파리와 두꼬리검정파리, 털검정파리는 봄과 겨울에 유기한 사체에 발생하는 우점종으로 fresh~active decay 단계에 주로 발생하여 활동시기가 다른 종과는 차이를 보였다. 매장된 사체에서는 검정파리과 유충보다는 쉬파리과 유충들이 먼저 출현하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.94-99
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• 1995

The properties of binding sites in the active site of $Zn^{2+}$-glycerophosphocholine cholinephosphodiesterase were examined using substrates and inhibitors of the enzyme. Phosphodiesterase hydrolyzed p-nitrophenylphosphocholine, p-aminophenylphosphocholine, and glycerophosphocholine, but did not hydrolyze either acylated glycerophosphocholine or bis (p-nitrophenyl)phosphate, suggesting a size limitation for interaction with a glyceryl moiety-binding subsite. The hydrolysis of p-nitrophenylphosphocholine was competitively inhibited by glycerophosphocholine and p-aminophenylphosphocholine, while glycerophosphoethanolamine was a weak inhibitor. The enzyme was also inhibited by choline, but not by ethanolamine. Thiocholine, a much more potent inhibitor than choline, was more inhibitory than cysteamine, suggesting a strict specificity of an anionic subsite adjacent to a $Zn^{2+}$ subsite. Of all oxyanions tested, the tellurite ion was found to strongly inhibit the enzyme by binding to a $Zn^{2+}$ subsite. The inhibitory role of tellurite was synergistically enhanced by tetraalkylammonium salts, but not by glycerol. Deactivation of the enzyme by diethylpyrocarbonate was partially protected by choline, but not by glycerophosphate. It is suggested that the active site of phosphodiesterase contains three binding subsites.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.107-121
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• 2019

This study documents the distribution of (active) faults around the southern part of the Yangsan Fault and the Moryang Fault and the middle part of the Dongrae Fault. For this objective, we extracted lineaments and fault-related landforms by analyzing aerial photos and digital elevation models and with the result of fieldwork on fault-relating features of the Quaternary landforms. Geomorphological techniques for active fault study are not only preliminary but also essential methods because, in general, an active fault can be defined only with fault-deformed Quaternary sediments when there is no way to detect precise timing of faulting. Therefore, geomorphological interpretation in active fault research is necessary to determine the extent, direction, termination and timing of fault. This study addresses the results of such geomorphological analysis and geomorphic markers for tracing the active faults in the study area. It is plan to investigate with geophysical and geological techniques the sites referred in this study.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제35권
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• pp.4-27
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• 2002

During the last 10 more years, more than one hundred of Paleolithic sites were found in the most part of the Korena peninsula by very active third generation of Paleolithic archaeologists. It became quite sure that most parts of the peninsula was populated during the late Pleistocene. High concentratin of Paleolithic sites in the Chollanamdo Province will be one of the most important field of paleolithic archaeology along with the sites in the Hantan -Imjin river basin. The begining of Upper Paleolithic is quite likley sometime earlier than 30,000 BP and possibly upto 40,000 BP. Micorlithic technology was probably introduced into the peninsula sometime around 20,000 BP. It is quite striking that the Acheulean-typed stone industry from the Chongokni site could be older than 350,000 BP that was estimated by sedimentation rate on the basis of the interval between two different types of Japanese tephras found at the site. More Acheulean-typed bifaces were found in some sites in the Hantan-Imjin river basin. Tanged point which originally found at the Suyanggae site were found at many Upper Paleolithic sites and was made until quite late period of Upper Paleolithic along with micro-blade.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국시뮬레이션학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.91-100
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• 2003

In this paper we investigate the role that warfare played In the formation of the network of alliances between sites that are associated with the formation of the state in the Valley of Oaxaca, Mexico. A model of state formation proposed by Marcos and Flannery (1996) is used as the basis for an agent-based simulation model. Agents reside in sites and their actions are constrained by knowledge extracted from the Oaxaca Surface Archaeological Survey (Kowalewski 1989). The simulation is run with two different sets of constraint rules for the agents. The first set is based upon the raw data collected in the surface survey. This represents a total of 79 sites and constitutes a minimal level of warfare (raiding) in the Valley. The other site represents the generalization of these constraints to sites with similar locational characteristics. This set corresponds to 987 sites and represents a much more active role for warfare in the Valley. The rules were produced by a data mining technique, Decision Trees, guided by Genetic Algorithms. Simulations were run using the two different rule sets and compared with each other and the archaeological data for the Valley. The results strongly suggest that warfare was a necessary process in the aggregations of resources needed to support the emergence of the state in the Valley.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.549-555
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• 2004

Cement of three alkalinities (equivalent alkalinities of 0.36,0.52 and 0.97) was employed in fabricating a set of classical G109 type specimens. To-date, these have been subjected to a one week wet-one week dry cyclic pending using 15 w/o NaCl solution. At the end of the dry period, potential and macro-cell current were measured to indicate whether the top reinforcing steel was in the passive or active state. Once this bar became active, the specimen was autopsied and the extent of corrosion was documented. Subsequent to visual inspection, concrete powder samples were collected from the upper region of the top rebar trace; and at a certain times concrete cores were taken from non-reinforced specimens. Using these, determinations were made of (1) critical chloride concentration for corrosion initiation ($Cl_{th}^-$), (2) effective chloride diffusion coefficient ($D_e$), and (3) pore water alkalinity ($[OH^-]$). The pore water alkalinity was strongly related to the alkali content of cement that was used in the mix. The chloride concentration, ($Cl^-$), was greater at active than at passive sites, presumably as a consequence of electro migration and accumulation of these species at active site subsequent to corrosion initiation. Accordingly, ($Cl^-$) at passive sites was considered indicative of the threshold concentration fur corrosion initiation. The $Cl_{th}^-$ was increased with increasing Time-to-corrosion ($T_i$). Consequently, the HA(High Alkalinity) specimens exhibited the highest $Cl_{th}^-$ and the NA(Normal Alkalinity) was the least. This range exceeds what has previously been reported in North America. In addition, the effective diffusion coefficient, $D_e$, was about 40 percent lower for concrete prepared with the HA cement compared to the NA and LA(Low Alkalinity) ones.