• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.15C no.5
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• pp.375-382
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• 2008

As the use of Internet and information communication technology is being generalized, the SSL protocol is essential in Internet because the important data should be transferred securely. While the SSL protocol is designed to defend from active attack such as message forgery and message alteration, the cipher suite setting can be easily modified. If the attacker draw on a malfunction of the client system and modify the cipher suite setting to the symmetric key algorithm which has short key length, he should eavesdrop and cryptanalysis the encrypt data. In this paper, we examine the domestic web site whether they generate the security session in the symmetric key algorithm which has short key length and propose the solution of the cipher suite setting problem.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.263-273
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• 2009

Taegeuk is the source and union of the two primary aspects of the cosmos, Eum(陰, Yin) and Yang(陽). The Neo-Confucian philosophers of Chinese Song(宋) dynasty associated Taegeuk with the supreme rational principle of the universe. Taegeuk is a powerful blend of self-discipline, self-defense and healing. It is an art which has grown over the millennia to include hundreds of forms and variations, and can easily take a lifetime to master. Taegeukgwon based on the Taoist philosophies of Eum(陰, Yin) and Yang(陽) is an ancient Eastern form of exercises, characterized by slow reversing movements. There is strong research evidence validating Taegeuk as a safe form of exercise having potential for health promotion and rehabilitation. Today, Taegeukgwon has spread worldwide. The Internal Training of Taegeuk is one of the exercises for regiment. As exercise, Taegeukgwon is designed to provide relaxation in the process of body-conditioning exercise and is drawn from the principles of Taegeuk, notably including the harmonizing of the Eum-yang(陰陽, Yin-yang), respectively the passive and the active principles. It employs flowing, rhythmic, deliberate movements, with carefully individually prescribed stances and positions. In practice, two masters teach the system exactly alike. As a mode of attack and defense, Taegeukgwon resembles Kungfu and is properly considered a martial art. It may be used with or without weapons. Freehand exercise to promote health was practiced in Korea. This training proved to have effect on hypertension, enervation, impotence, premature ejaculation, seminal emission, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, and arteriosclerosis. There have been many schools of Taegeukgwon. Depending on school and master, the number of prescribed exercise forms varies from 24 to 108 or more. The objective of this paper is to reconsider Taegeukgwon and its effect on the body and mind-conditioning in Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經).

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.866-875
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• 2001

In this work, thermal decomposition mechanism based on kinetic parameters and thermal stability of carbon fiber-reinforced carbon matrix composites (C/C composites), have been studied under high temperature oxidative conditions with addition of tetra-ethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as an oxidation inhibitor. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was executed to evaluate the thermal decomposition mechanism and thermal stability of C/C composites in the temperature range of 30 ～ $850^{\circ}C$. As a result, the kinetic parameters of the composites impregnated with TEOS, i.e., activation energy for thermal decomposition ($E_d$), order of reaction (n) , and pre-exponential factor (A) were evaluated as 136 kJ/mol, 0, and 2.3$\times$$10^9s^{-1}$, respectively. Especially, the IPDT and $E_d$ of C/C composites impregnated with TEOS were improved largely compared with the composites impregnated without TEOS, due to the formation of $SiO_2$ on composite surfaces, resulting in interrupting the oxygen attack to carbon active site in the composites.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.237-244
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• 2000

Phenolic resin used as a precursor of carbonized matrix for carbon-carbon composites was modified by addition of molybdenum disilicide (MoSi$_2$) in various concentrations of 0, 4, 12 and 20% by weight to improve the anti-oxidation properties of the composites. The green body was manufactured by a prepreg method and was submitted to carbonization up to 110$0^{\circ}C$. In this work, the oxidation behavior of carbon-carbon composites with MoSi$_2$ as an oxidation inhibitor was investigated at the temperature range of 600-100$0^{\circ}C$ in an air environment. The carbon-carbon composites with MoSi$_2$ showed a significantly improved oxidation resistance due to both the reduction of the porosity formation and the formation of mobile diffusion barrier for oxygen when compared to those without MoSi$_2$. Carbon active sites should be blocked, decreasing the oxidation rate of carbon. This is probably due to the effect of the inherent MoSi$_2$ properties, resulted from a formation of the protective layer against oxygen attack in the composites studied.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.399-404
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• 2005

In this paper, An immunized PID(I-PID) controller based on cell mediated immune response is proposed to improve the control performance of the controller with PID scheme. And it is applied to the vibration of the building structure in the port with active damper systems. The immune system of organism in the real body regulates the antibody and T-cells to protect the attack from the foreign materials which are virus, germ cell, and other antigens. It has similar characteristics that are the adaptation and robustness to overcome disturbances and to control the plant of engineering application. At firstly, we build a model of the T-cell regulated immune response mechanism. We have also designed an I-PID controller focusing on the T-cell regulated immune response of biological immune system. Finally, we show that some computer simulations of the vibraton control for the building structure system with wind force excitation. These results for the proposed method also show that is has performance than other conventional controller design method.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.167-172
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• 2013

In a paper recently published in the International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems, Biswas et al. proposed a VANET message authentication scheme which uses an identity-based proxy signature mechanism as an underlying primitive. The authors claimed that their scheme supports various security features including the security of proxy-key, the security against message forgery and the security against replay attack, with non-repudiation and resistance to proxy-key compromise. Here, we show how an active attacker, who has no knowledge of an original message sender's private key, can compute the proxy-signature key of the corresponding message sender, meaning that the scheme is completely insecure. We also suggest an enhanced version of the protocol capable of solving such serious security holes.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.203-209
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• 2007

Infection structures were observed using a fluorescence microscope at the penetration sites on the leaves of potato plants pre-inoculated with the bacterial strains Pseudomonas putida TRL2-3, Micrococcus luteus TRK2-2, and Flexibacteraceae bacterium MRL412, which mediated an induced systemic resistance on potato plants against late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. In order to compare the infection structures on the leaves expressing systemic acquired resistance, the leaves of potato plants pre-treated with DL-3-amino butyric acid (BABA) were also observed after challenge inoculation with the same pathogen. The infection structures were investigated. The total number of germination and appressorium formation of P. infestans were counted. Furthermore, the frequencies of fluorescent epidermal cells at the penetration sites, which indicate a defense response of plant cell, were estimated. There were no differences on the germination rates of the fungal cysts among the untreated control, BABA pre-treated, and bacterial strains pre-inoculated plants. However, appressorium formation was slightly decreased on the leaves of BABA pre-treated plants compared to those of untreated as well as bacterial strains pre-inoculated plants. Furthermore, the frequencies of fluorescent cells of BABA pre-treated and bacterial strains pre-inoculated were higher than that of untreated plants, indicating an active defense reaction of the host cells against the fungal attack. On the other hand, the pre-treatment with BABA caused a stronger fluorescent of epidermal cells at the penetration sites compared to the pre-inoculation with the bacterial strains. Interestingly, the frequency of fluorescent cells by BABA, however, was lower than that by the bacterial strains. Based on the results it is suggested that the infection structures showing resistance reaction on the leaves of potato plants were different between by pre-inoculation with bacterial strains and by pre-treatment with BABA against the late blight pathogen.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1081-1100
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• 2019

Objectives: This study is an overview of the meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials investigating the clinical effectiveness and safety of pharmacopuncture for patients with stroke. Methods: Core electronic databases were searched from their inception to 21 May 2019. A measurement tool to assess systematic reviews (AMSTAR 2) was applied to screen high-quality studies. The results of these studies were summarized, and additional meta-analysis was conducted. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence. Results: Sixteen studies met eligibility criteria. Four were excluded owing to insufficiency of AMSTAR 2 or low data reliability. The finally selected 12 studies were about pharmacopuncture using either a single herb extract, such as Dengzhan xixin, Sanch, Ginkgo biloba, or Acanthopanax, or a mixture of herbs, such as Compound danshen, Shenxiong, Xingnaojing, or Mailuoning. Most of the patients were from China, with acute ischemic stroke. All the studies using a pharmacopuncture versus a non-pharmacopuncture design reported the significant superiority of pharmacopuncture on every outcome measure. On the other hand, in a few studies, pharmacopuncture was inferior to active control in improving neurological deficit. Few studies reported adverse events. Conclusions: It is difficult to apply the results of this study directly to Korea, because the level of evidence is generally low and the clinical settings and social acceptance of pharmacopuncture therapy differ in Korea and China. Further studies are warranted to confirm the domestic applicability of evidence generated in China and to create evidence that supports the domestic situation.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 2016

Ransomware was a malicious code that active around the US, but now it spreads rapidly all over the world and emerges in korea recently because of exponential computer supply and increase in users. Initially ransomware uses e-mail as an attack medium in such a way that induces to click a file through the spam mail Pam, but it is now circulated through the smart phone message. The current trend is an increase in the number of damage, including attacks such as the domestic large community site by ransomware hangul version. Ransomware outputs a warning message to the user to encrypt the file and leads to monetary damages and demands for payment via bitcoin as virtual currency is difficult to infer the tracking status. This paper presents an analysis and solutions to damage cases caused by ransomware.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2003

Pre-treatment with DL-3-aminobutyric acid (BABA) in the cucumber plants caused the decrease of disease severity after inoculation with anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum orbiculare. In this study, ultrastructures of the vascular bundle and the infection structures in the leaves of BABA-treated as well as untreated cucumber plants were observed after inoculation with the anthracnose pathogen by electron microscopy. The ultrastructures of vascular bundle in the leaves of BABA-treated plants were similar to those of the untreated plants except plasmodesmata. In the BABA-treated plants, the plasmodesmata were more numerous than in the untreated plants, suggesting that the BABA treatment may cause the active transfer of metabolites through the vascular bundle. In the leaves of untreated plants, the fungal hyphae were spread widely in the plant tissues at 5 days after pathogen inoculation. Most cellular organelles in the hyphae were intact, indicating a compatible interaction between the plant and the parasite. In contrast, in the leaves of BABA pre-treated plants the growth of most hyphae was restricted to the epidermal cell layer at 5 days after inoculation. Most hyphae cytoplasm and nucleoplasm was electron dense or the intracellular organelles were degenerated. The cell walls of some plant cells became thick at the site adjacent to the intercellular hyphae, indicating a mechanical defense reaction of the plant cells against the fungal attack. Furthermore, hypersensitive reaction (HR) of the epidermal cells was often observed, in which the intracellular hyphae were degenerated. Based on these results it is suggested that BABA causes the enhancement of defense mechanisms in the cucumber plants such as cell wall apposition or HR against the invasion of C. orbiculare.