• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.228-235
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• 2007

The main purpose of this paper is to manage the container property effectively at the container yard by applying the RTLS technology to the field of port logistics. Yet, many kinds of noises happen to be inputted with the distance value(between the reader and the tag) which is to be inputted into the location identification algorithm, which makes the distance value jumped due to the system noise of the ultrasonic sensor module and the measurement noise. The Kalman Filter is widely used to prevent this jump occurrence; the noises are eliminated by using the EKF(Extended Kalman Filter) while considering that the distance information of the ultrasonic sensor is non-linear. Also, the 3D RTLS system at the port container yard suggested in this research is designed not to be interrupted for its ultrasonic transmission by positioning the antenna at the front of each sector of the container where the active tags are installed. We positioned the readers, which function as antennas for location identification, to four places randomly in the absolute coordinate and let the positions of the active tags identified by using the distance data delivered from the active tags. For the location identification algorithm used in this paper, the triangulation measurement that is most used in general is applied and newly reorganized to calculate the position of the container. In the first experiment, we dealt with the error resulting in the angle and the distance of the ultrasonic sensor module, which is the most important in the hardware performance; in the second, we evaluated the performance of the location identification algorithm, which is the most important in the software performance, and tested the noise cancellation effects for the EKF. According to the experiment result, the ultrasonic sensor showed an average of 3 to 5cm error up to $45^{\circ}$ in case of $60^{\circ}$ or more, non-reliable linear distances were obtained. In addition, the evaluation of the algorithm performance showed an average of $4^{\circ}{\sim}5^{\circ}$ error due to the error of the linear distance-this error is negligible for most container location identifications. Lastly, the experiment results of noise cancellation and jump preservation by using the EKF showed that noises were removed in the distance information which was entered from the input of the ultrasonic sensor and as a result, only signal was extracted; thus, jumps were able to be removed and the exact distance information between the ultrasonic sensors could be obtained.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.53-58
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• 2018

Objectives : Plantaginis asiaticae Folium (PA) has been widely used in Korean medicine for treatment of liver disease, stomach troubles and inflammation. We investigated the effect of PA on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 according to extraction conditions. Methods : The MTT assay was employed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of PA extracted by different solvents (water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol) on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Oil red O staining was used to identify intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1. 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with PA at concentration ranging in 0.1, 0.2 and $0.4mg/m{\ell}$. PA was extracted by different extraction conditions such as extraction solvents, extraction time, and extraction temperature. In addition, UPLC analysis was used for determination of candidates of active ingredients in PA. Results : 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated with PA extracted by different solvents (water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol) and there was no cytotoxicity. Oil red O staining was employed to identify the effect of PA on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1. In the present study, PA water extraction at $70^{\circ}C$ for 6 hours decreased greatly in lipid accumulation. The range of concentrations was 0.1, 0.2 and $0.4mg/m{\ell}$. Concentration at $0.2mg/m{\ell}$ was the most effective one among them. Candidates of active ingredients in PA were shown plantamajoside and acteoside through UPLC. Conclusions : These results suggest that the effect of PA water extraction at $70^{\circ}C$ on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 is superior to other extraction conditions. We suppose that plantamajoside and acteoside may be candidates of active ingredients in PA.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.269-288
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• 2013

The development of IT (information technology) has brought about many types of new services, and the traditional sectors such as libraries and information management fields have actively applied new technology to improve the quality of their services. Many of these newly developed services are described under the term 'Web 2.0', in the sense they are next-generation forms of services, and this coinage is duplicated in the term 'Library 2.0', specifically referring to the library services equipped with Web 2.0 technology. Active acceptance of advanced IT to library services is very important to enhance the value and role of library in this rapidly changing information environment. So far, libraries in Korea and abroad have already been putting a lot of efforts and resources to develop and provide technically advanced services. Despite these efforts, it is found that some of these new services have failed to attract users' attention and interest, resulting in the low rates of usage. This study, therefore, reviews current state of the "Folksonomy" based services provided in Korean college libraries as a type of Library 2.0 services, and assess their usage rates. The result of this evaluation is then used to develop a guideline to improve and mobilize the use of such services.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.6B
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• pp.561-571
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• 2006

RFID technology, as one contact-less identification technology with using electronic tag, is the field where its multiple researches have been studied. Especially, in the field of supply chain management, when it is necessary to identify a lot of objects by real-time, performance of anti-collision algorithm for multiple tag identification has an effect on performance of entire system. GEN2 is global, open, interoperability protocol for UHF RFID system, the active researches and developments are processed about it. In this paper, we introduce an anti-collision algorithm based on Slotted-ALOHA for GEN2 protocol, focus on estimating number of tags and setting number of slots and review the previous works. We propose new scheme that can estimate number of tags efficiently, and define system efficiency newly when it's used in setting number of slots. We also present result of compare and analysis with previous scheme through simulation. The proposed scheme of estimating number of tags is easy to implement, number of tags which is less than 4 times of number of slots can estimate tags efficiently, we also proved that identification efficiency based on weighted-slot distinguished with definition of previous slot efficiency can improve system efficiency.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.21
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• pp.155-175
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• 2009

RFID that provide automatic identification by reading a tag attached to material through radio frequency without direct touch has some specification, such as rapid identification, long distance identification and penetration, so it is being used for distribution, transportation and safety by using the frequency of 125KHz, 134KHz, 13.56MHz, 433.92MHz, 900MHz, and 2.45GHz. Also it is one of main part of Ubiquitous that means connecting to net-work any time and any place they want. RFID is expected to be new growth industry worldwide, so Korean government think it as prospective field and promote research project and exhibition business program to linked with industry effectively. RFID could be used for access control of person and vehicle according to section and for personal certify with password. RFID can provide more confident security than magnetic card, so it could be used to prevent forgery of register card, passport and the others. Active RFID could be used for protecting operation service using it's long distance date transmission by application with positioning system. And RFID's identification and tracking function can provide effective visitor management through visitor's register, personal identification, position check and can control visitor's movement in the secure area without their approval. Also RFID can make possible of the efficient management and prevention of loss of carrying equipments and others. RFID could be applied to copying machine to manager and control it's user, copying quantity and It could provide some function such as observation of copy content, access control of user. RFID tag adhered to small storage device prevent carrying out of item using the position tracking function and control carrying-in and carrying-out of material efficiently. magnetic card and smart card have been doing good job in identification and control of person, but RFID can do above functions. RFID is very useful device but we should consider the prevention of privacy during its application.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.639-647
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• 2008

The heat-inducible expression vectors for Corynebacterium glutamicum and C. ammoniagenes were constructed by using the ${\lambda}O_L1$ and the cryptic promoters, CJ1 and CJ4 that express genes constitutively in C. ammoniagenes. Although the promoters were isolated from C. ammoniagenes, CJ1 and CJ4 were also active in C. glutamicum. To construct vectors, the $O_L1$ from the ${\lambda}P_L$ promoter was isolated and fused to the CJ1 and CJ4 promoters by recombinant PCR. The resulting artificial promoters, CJ1O and CJ4O, which have one ${\lambda}O_L1$, and CJ1OX2, which has two successive ${\lambda}O_L1$, were fused to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene followed by subcloning into pCES208. The expression of GFP in the corynebacteria harboring the vectors was regulated successfully by the temperature-sensitive cI857 repressor. Among them, C. ammoniagenes harboring plasmid pCJ1OX2G containing GFP fused to CJ1OX2 showed more GFP than the other ones and the expression was tightly regulated by the repressor. To construct the generally applicable expression vector using the plasmid pCJ1OX2G, the His-tag, enterokinase (EK) moiety, and the MCS were inserted in front of the GFP gene. Using the vector, the expression of pyrR from C. glutamicum was tried by temperature shift-up. The results indicated that the constructed vectors (pCeHEMG) can be successfully used in the expression and regulation of foreign genes in corynebacteria.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.40
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• pp.57-86
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• 2014

As the revision of Building Code including applying crime prevention design to buildings passed recently and target hardening ought to be evidence-based, we studied the Modus Operandi (MO) and intrusion tools of domestic burglary to earn basic data for improvement of crime prevention hardware in the future. To be specific, we reviewed related academic literature and police official statistics of domestic burglary critically and interviewed detectives in charge of burglary to specify and categorize MO and tools. We can derive some implications from research findings, including improvement of the statistical system for the MO of burglary, active sharing of the MO of burglary among the criminal justice agencies and related industries and experts. Also, crime prevention advice and education for the local residents focused on MO of burglary can be recommended. Based on this research, to enhance the level of community safety significantly, performance tests of crime prevention hardware such as security doors and windows etc. and the study on related certification system should be vitalized.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.109-115
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• 2009

The gene encoding a putative aspartate aminotransferase in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) was cloned using PCR technique. The gene was ligated with pET-21(a) vector containing His6 tag and expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3). Affinity purification of the recombinant aspartate aminotransferase with Ni-NTA resin resulted in one band by SDS-PAGE analysis. The purified enzyme showed a molecular weight of 43 kDa, as expected. The enzyme was the most active toward L-aspartate as an amino donor, indicating that the purified enzyme is one of aspartate aminotrans-ferases exist in Xoo. Optimal activity of the enzyme was observed at around pH 7.5 and stability was much higher at alkaline pH rather than acidic pH values. The enzyme was considerably activated by the presence of manganese ion, showing about 157% of control activity at 1.0 mM.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2005

There are some critical drawbacks in the use of biomarkers for a global assessment of the toxicological impacts many chemicals and environmental pollutants have, primarily due to an individual biomarker's specificity for an explicit chemical or toxicant. In other words, the biomarker-based assessment methodology used to analyze toxicological effects lacks a high-throughput capability. Therefore, eco-toxicogenomics, or the study of toxicogenomics with organisms present within a given environmental locale, has recently been introduced with the advent of the so-called "-omics" era, which began with the creation of microarray technologies. Fish are comparable with humans in their toxicological responses and thus data from toxicogenomic studies performed with fish could be applied, with appropriate tools and implementation protocols, to the evaluation of environments where human or animal health is of concern. At present, there have been very active research streams for developing expression sequence tag (EST) databases (DBs) for zebra fish and rainbow trout. Even though few reports involve toxicogenomic studies with fish, a few groups have successfully fabricated and used cDNA microarrays or oligo DNA chips when studying the toxicological impacts of hypoxia or some toxicants with fish. Furthermore, it is strongly believed that this technology can also be implemented with non-model fish. With the standardization of DNA microarray technologies and ample progress in bioinformatics and proteomic technologies, data obtained from DNA microarray technologies offer not only multiple biomarker assays or an analysis of gene expression profiles, but also a means of elucidating gene networking, gene-gene relations, chemical-gene interactions, and chemical-chemical relationships. Accordingly, the ultimate target of eco-toxicogenomics should be to predict and map the pathways of stress propagation within an organism and to analyze stress networking.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.171-175
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• 2010

The human genome contains approximately 13 orphan cytochrome P450 (P450, CYP) genes, of which the apparent function or substrate has not been identified. However, they seem to possess their own biological relevance in some tissues or developmental stages. Here, we characterized the heterologously expressed CYP2W1, an orphan P450 enzyme. The recombinant CYP2W1 protein containing a $6{\times}$(His)-tag at Nterminus has been expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Expression level of CYP2W1 holoenzyme was around 500 nmol P450 holoenzyme per liter culture medium. The reduced CO difference spectrum of CYP2W1 showed a maximum absorption at 449 nm. CYP2W1 indicated the significant induction to bioactivate Trp-P-1, MeIQ, and IQ in E. coli DJ701 tester strain. However, the bioactivation of B[$\alpha$]P, and NNK by CYP2W1 was relatively low. The model structure of CYP2W1 suggested the characteristic P450 folds with the lengths and orientations of the individual secondary elements. The F-G loop is situated on the distal side of heme to accommodate the flexibility of active site of CYP2W1. These studies can provide useful information for the finding of its biological roles and structure-function relationships of an orphan CYP2W1 enzyme.