• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.351-355
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• 2001

The information about organic and biomass fractions in sewage is essential for the optimal operation and model calibration of biological treatment processes. In the respect of that oxygen is directly associated with respiration and growth of biomass as well as substrate reduction, the respirometry is well known as a suitable method for the analysis of wastewater composition and active biomass. Thus, the organic and biomass fractions in sewage were measured using respirometry. The fraction of readily biodegradable substrate, slowly biodegradable substrate, inert soluble substrate and inert particular substrate are about 10-16%, 1-8%, 32-50% and 2-47%, respectively. The active heterotrophic biomass fraction is about 10-24%, but the autotrophic biomass was not detected in influent sewage.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.79-87
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• 2017

Differ from elder generation, active senior possesses the active characteristics of young people. In this research, the active senior users' UX problem was analyzed by Sundar's 'Interface Assessment'. According to Interface Assessment, the user's subjective user experience in GUI interactive can be divided into five elements, which are 'Visible', 'Desired Outcome', 'Immediate Feedback', 'Intuitiveness', 'Perceived Ease of Use'. Based on these five elements, user's behavior and perception experience during interface using were analyzed to classify UX problems. Next, Correlation Analysis was conducted to find out the relationship between the elements of Interface Assessment and user's subjective experience using PSSUQ as comparing data, and SPSS 22 version as statistic software. The result of this research was presented below: First, active senior user's biggest UX problem can be classified with 'Desired Outcome' in App using. Second, the correlation between the two elements, 'Desired Outcome', 'Perceived Ease of Use', and the PSSUQ result was statistically significant, but the correlation between the other three elements, 'Visible', 'Immediate Feedback', 'Intuitiveness', and the PSSUQ result were not statistically significant. According to the result, active senior users do have different characteristics compared with elder generation. The UX problems classified with 'Desired Outcome' and 'Perceived ease of use' apparently affect user's subjective experience, while the problems classified with 'Visible', 'Immediate feedback', 'Intuitiveness' show no evidence in affecting user's subjective experience. This phenomenon could be explained by the cumulative effects of PC or smartphone use. Through the analysis of multiple UX elements in this paper, better App interface could be developed according to active senior's needs.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2001

Manufacturing conb'ol applications consist of concurrent active components such as robots, AGV's (Automatic Guided Vehicles), and conveyors. Running of manufacturing control programs is interactions among those components. We can enhance the productivity and extendability of manufacturing control applications by using the object-oriented teclmology that models those components as reusable objects. But the objects in current object-oriented technology that encapsulate state and behavior infonnation are passive in a sense that those respond only when messages are sent to them. In this paper, we introduce the Distributed Active Object Systems (DAGS) approach that SUPPOltS active objects. Since active objects encapsulate control infonnation in addition to state and behavior information under COREA/Java-based distributed environment, they can represent manufacturing control components better than the objects in ordimuy object-oriented technology. TIus control infonnation provides an object with a featme that can monitor its own status as well as other object's status connected by intelface valiables. Active objects can initiate a behavior according to the change of those status. Therefore, we can sb-uctmally assemble self-initiating active objects by using intelface variables to construct a system without describing bow to control distributed objects by using message passing. As the DAOS approach supports object composability, we can enhal1ce the productivity and extendability of disbibuted manufactming control applications even better than the ordil1alY object-oriented approach. Also, the DAOS approach supports better component reusability with active objects that encapsulate control information .

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.122-134
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• 2016

This study is to identify different patterns of childhood's smart media literacy and to predict factors relating to smart media literacy behaviors. Also, the purpose of the present study is to examine parents' and teachers' mediation of childhood's smart media literacy. The data were collected from 400 elementary students in Korea and we presented two patterns of smart media literacy : perception literacy, critical literacy. The results showed positive relationships between perception literacy and parental active and passive mediation. And a teacher's active and passive mediation was positively associated with children's perception literacy. In addition, the results of this study showed that parental active and passive mediation also affected the critical literacy. It was found that there were significant differences in sociological characteristics like in gender, school year, spending time, a double income family on smart media literacy. This suggests that a parent's active and passive mediation may lead to activate children's smart media use.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.493-515
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• 2008

Semi-active control systems have attracted a great deal of attention in recent years because these systems can operate on battery power alone, proving advantageous during seismic events when the main power source of the structure may likely fail. The behavior of semi-active devices is often highly non-linear and requires suitable and efficient control algorithm. This paper presents the comparative study and performance of variable semi-active friction dampers by using recently proposed predictive control law with direct output feedback. In this control law, the variable slip force of semi-active variable friction damper is kept slightly lower than the critical friction force, which allows the damper to remain in the slip state during an earthquake, resulting in improved energy dissipation capability. This control algorithm is able to produce a continuous and smooth slip forces for a variable friction damper. The numerical examples include a structure controlled with multiple variable semi-active friction dampers and with multiple passive friction dampers. A parameter, gain multiplier defined as the ratio of damper force to critical damper control force, is investigated under four different real earthquake ground motions, which plays an important role in the present control algorithm of the damper. The numerically evaluated optimum parametric value is considered for the analysis of the structure with dampers. The numerical results of the variable friction dampers show better performance over the passive dampers in reducing the seismic response of structures.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1137-1144
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• 1999

Most of ANC(active noise control) researches are focused on adaptive algorithms, computer simulations and implementations of single-channel system in experimental environments. In this paper, a multi-channel ANC system based on DSP's was developed to obtain global attenuations over wide region and applied to the active control of the humming noise generated by a transformer. The developed ANC system including 24 microphones and 12 spearkers was applied to the real transformer noise reduction problem. Results showed that the control system could successfully control the humming noise over the region of interest.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.10
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• pp.705-712
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• 2013

Active learning aims to improve the performance of a classification model by repeating the process to select the most helpful unlabeled data and include it to the training set through labelling by expert. In this paper, we propose a method for active learning based on hierarchical agglomerative clustering using Ward's linkage. The proposed method is able to construct a training set actively so as to include at least one sample from each cluster and also to reflect the total data distribution by expanding the existing training set. While most of existing active learning methods assume that an initial training set is given, the proposed method is applicable in both cases when an initial training data is given or not given. Experimental results show the superiority of the proposed method.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.27-29
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• 1995

Site directed mutagenesis has been introduced to determine active site(s) and molecular structure of E. coli RecA protein. Recombinant DNAs were constructed by point mutation of Tyr-264 to Phe which assumed active site for binding and hydrolysis of ATP. RecA proteins were purified from recombinants containing wild type and mutant genes and analyzed for ATPase activity assay. Result suggests that Tyr-264 is involved in ATP binding rather than ATP hydrolysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.132-134
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• 2000

This paper presents self-oscillating mixer(SOM) with simple structure which includes dc source, a cross type groove, and a three terminal GaAsFET. By using parasitic elements such as cooper wires, If level of the active antenna is increased. In order to include active device into FDTD analysis, equivalent voltage source are used to substitute for the active device and to describe the voltage-current relationships. This approach is applied to analyze SOM theoretically.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.53-64
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• 2017

Purpose : This study investigated the effects of active warming using a Warm Touch warming system or a cotton blanket in postoperative patients after general anesthesia for abdominal surgery. Methods : This quasi-experimental study utilized two experimental groups and one control group: a cotton-blanket group (n = 25) were warmed with a cotton blanket and a sheet; a forced-air warming group (n = 24) were warmed with a Warm Touch warming system, a cotton blanket, and a sheet; and a control group (n = 25) were warmed with a sheet. Measurement variables were postoperative pain, body temperature, and thermal discomfort. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA, ${\chi}^2-tests$, Fisher's exact test, and a repeated measures ANOVA. Results : The effects of active warming using a Warm Touch warming system and a cotton blanket on postoperative patients was significant in reducing pain (F = 13.91, p < .001) and increasing body temperature (F = 12.49, p < .001). Conclusion : Active warming made a significant difference in pain and body temperature changes. Active warming methods may help patients' postoperative recovery and prevent complications. Further research is needed to explore the effects and side effects of active warming on recovering normothermia.