• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.471-478
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• 2005

The objective of this research is to improve adsorption efficiency of adsorbent made from MSWI (Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator) ny ash by $HNO_3$ activation. The acidity and the basicity were determined by Boehm's method and the surface structure was studied by BET method with N2 adsorption. The adsorption properties were investigated with benzene and MEK (Methylethylketone). $HNO_3$ activation can modify the surface property of an adsorbent such as specific surface area, pore volume, and functional group. According to the results, the specific surface area of the adsorbent was increased from $309.2m^2/g\;to\;553.2 m^2/g$ by activation. Also oxygen-containing functional groups were formed on it.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2023

The advanced oxidation treatment using persulfate and zero-valent iron (ZVI) has been evaluated as a very effective technology for remediation of soil and groundwater contamination. However, the high rate of the initial reaction of persulfate with ZVI causes over-consumption of an injected persulfate, and the excessively generated active species show a low transfer rate to the target pollutant. In this study, ZVI was modified using selenium with very low reactivity in the water environment with the aim of controlling the persulfate activation rate by controlling the reactivity of ZVI. Selenium-modified ZVI (Se/ZVI) was confirmed to have a selenium coating on the surface through SEM/EDS analysis, and low reductive reactivity to trichlroethylene (TCE) was observed. As a result of inducing the persulfate activation using the synthesized Se/ZVI, the persulfated consumption rate was greatly reduced, and the decomposition rate of the model contaminant, anisole, was also reduced in proportion. However, the final decomposition efficiency was rather increased, which seems to be the result of preventing persulfate over-consumption. This is because the transfer efficiency of the active species (SO4-∙) of persulfate to the target contaminant has been improved. Selenium on the surface of Se/ZVI was not significantly dissolved even under oxidation conditions by persulfate, and most of it was present in the form of Se/ZVI. It was confirmed that the persulfate activation rate could be controlled by controlling the reactivity of ZVI, which could greatly contribute to the improvement of the persulfate oxidation efficiency.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.87-93
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• 1992

The adsorption efficiency of some adsorbents for the organic solvents and gas phase of smoke was investigated. 1. Specific surface area of activated carbon increased to 1900 mfg with increased activation time. 2. Adsorption efficiency of benzene and acetone increased with increasing total surface area. Adsorption capacity for gas phase such as hydrogen cyanide, aldehyde was proportional to the micro pore surface area under 20A. 3. The removal efficiency of particulate matter of smoke was higher with the adsorbents of relatively higher pore size compared to that of micro pore.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.442-449
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• 2017

이 연구에서는 시멘트계 재료의 펌프압송성능을 향상시키기 위하여 외부에서 소량의 윤활층 활성화제를 배관에 주입하는 방법을 제안하였다. 활성화제는 배관과 압송재료 사이에 형성되는 윤활층에 주입되어 윤활층의 점도, 즉, 배관과 재료 사이의 마찰을 감소시키는 역할을 한다. 제안된 방법의 검증을 위해 모르타르를 사용한 소규모 펌핑실험을 수행하였다. 물-시멘트 비 47%인 모르타르를 사용하였고, 윤활층 활성화제 종류와 활성화제의 주입량을 각각 2가지와 3가지로 달리하여 실험을 수행하였다. 윤활층 활성화제로는 고성능 감수제와 음이온 계면활성화제를 사용하였다. 윤활층 활성화제의 주입량은 모르타르 토출량의 0.14, 0.28, 0.42%이다. 윤활층 활성화제 주입 전과 후의 압축강도, 배관 내부 압력을 측정하였다. 음이온 계면활성제를 사용한 경우 압축강도의 변화가 없었으며, 배관 내부 압력 감소율이 최대 71.4%로 가장 크게 감소하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.639-645
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• 2020

레독스흐름전지(redox flow battery, RFB)의 구성 부품 중 전극은 전해액의 확산층 역할을 함과 동시에 전자의 통로 역할을 담당하여 출력에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 주요 부품이다. 본 연구는 Fe2+/Fe3+와 V2+/V3+를 레독스 커플로 사용한 RFB 시스템에 chloric/sulfuric mixed acid 지지 전해액을 사용한 경우 전극 종류 및 활성화 정도에 따른 용량, 쿨롱 효율, 에너지 효율을 비교하여 최적의 전극 및 활성화 정도를 제시하였다. 실험에 사용된 5종의 탄소 전극을 사용한 단일셀 평가에서 모두 이론 용량에 근사한 값을 보여 신뢰성을 확보하였으며, 사용된 전극 중 GFD4EA는 상대적으로 우수한 에너지 효율 및 충방전 용량을 나타내었다. 활성화 온도에 따른 전기화학적 성능 고찰을 위하여 GFD4EA 전극을 공기 분위기 하에서 400, 450, 500, 600 및 700 ℃에서 열처리하여 활성화하였다. 질량 변화, 주사전자현미경(SEM) 및 XPS 분석을 통하여 활성화 전 후의 물성 변화를 관찰하였으며, 각각의 온도에서 활성화된 전극을 적용한 RFB 단일셀 평가를 실시하여 전기화학적 성능을 비교하였다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2020

Ship owners had pursued higher benefits by demanding the new design and construction of ships with higher operational efficiency. There was a necessity for shipyards to suggest a more economical design and advanced operation concept in order to meet the demands. Especially, since BOG combustion and activation of the re-liquefaction unit had to be taken into account in ship design in addition to fuel oil and gas consumption, the evaluation of the operating efficiency considering the technological trends was necessary. In this paper, it was aimed to study the design philosophy and operation strategy by considering the effect of fuel oil and gas consumption, BOG combustion, and activation of the re-liquefaction unit on the operating cost for laden voyage according to ship speed, BOR, and activation of the re-liquefaction unit. For this purpose, the costs were acquired by conducting the sailing simulation of an LNGC based on a mathematical model including the maneuvering equations of motion. The design philosophy and operation strategy was reviewed in terms of the operating cost.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.23-51
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• 2005

In this article the author provided a brief introduction to the function and activation of 4-H fanning organization. The strategies developed to improve the environmental-friendly Agriculture are as following : the efficiency cooperatives of 4-H fanning organization, invitation of the upbringing plan of organization leader for promotion of the pilot region project of environmental-friendly Agriculture connected with green tourism, the establishment of reasonable management plan and strategies. In conclusion, there must be strategic measures to increase the income of environmental-friendly farmers. All of this information could be useful for the further development of the strategy for environmental-friendly Agriculture in organization and management.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2004

In order to search for the ways of use in distilled liquid of Shogunjung-tang, an oriental medical prescription, the study examined the differences in the activated degree of cells and immunological effects, which are supplied by restoratives such as the existing extracted liquid and distilled liquid of Shogunjung-tang. As seen from the above results, both the extracted liquid of Shogunjung-tang and distilled liquid have remarkable efficiency in the increase of cells, the efficient condition of immunity activation degree possibly formed by these two and activation of cells and organism, in which distilled liquid in the beginning and the extracted liquid later tend to show its efficiency.

• 한국섬유공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국섬유공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.98-100
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• 2003

The efficiency of the adsorption of adsorbents depends on both pore size and shape. In other to adsorb hydrated ion in application of electric double layer capacitor (EDLC), mesopore is necessary[1,2]. Tamai et al.[3] reported that an increased portion of mesopore was introduced through addition of metal or organometallic compound in the precursor and following activation of the carbon fibers with steam. (omitted)

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.888-894
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• 2011

블랙보드 구조는 복잡하고 풀이 방법이 잘 규정되어 있지 않은 문제들을 다루기 위한 구조이다. 블랙보드구조를 사용하는 시스템의 효율을 높이기 위하여, 본 논문은 블랙보드의 상태가 변화할 때마다 문제 풀이에 잠재적으로 기여할 수 있는 활성 지식 원천들(knowledge source activations)의 집합을 신속하게 탐지하기 위한 메커니즘을 제안한다. 제안된 메커니즘은 블랙보드 데이터와 지식 원천들의 활성화 조건들(activation conditions) 간의 패턴 매칭을 신속하게 수행하기 위하여 지식 원천들이 등록하는 활성화 조건들로부터 Rete 네트워크를 생성하여 사용한다.