• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2011

Previous laboratory studies have shown that prosodic structures are encoded in the modulations of phonetic patterns of speech including suprasegmental as well as segmental features. Drawing on a prosodically annotated large-scale speech data from the Buckeye corpus of conversational speech of American English, the current study first evaluated the reliability of prosody annotation by a large number of ordinary listeners and later examined whether and how prosodic prominence influences the phonetic realization of multiple acoustic parameters in everyday conversational speech. The results showed that all the measures of acoustic parameters including pitch, loudness, duration, and spectral balance are increased when heard as prominent. These findings suggest that prosodic prominence enhances the phonetic characteristics of the acoustic parameters. The results also showed that the degree of phonetic enhancement vary depending on the types of the acoustic parameters. With respect to the formant structure, the findings from the present study more consistently support Sonority Expansion Hypothesis than Hyperarticulation Hypothesis, showing that the lexically stressed vowels are hyperarticulated only when hyperarticulation does not interfere with sonority expansion. Taken all into account, the present study showed that prosodic prominence modulates the phonetic realization of the acoustic parameters to the direction of the phonetic strengthening in everyday conversational speech and ordinary listeners are attentive to such phonetic variation associated with prosody in speech perception. However, the present study also showed that in everyday conversational speech there is no single dominant acoustic measure signaling prosodic prominence and listeners must attend to such small acoustic variation or integrate acoustic information from multiple acoustic parameters in prosody perception.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2012

논문은 지식기반의 음성인식 시스템에서 비음 위치를 검출하기 위한 음향음성학적 파라미터를 제시하였다. 음향음성학적 파라미터는 앞선 연구자들의 연구내용을 토대로 비강을 통해 음성이 발성될 때 나타나는 특징을 기반으로 하여 선별하였다. 선별된 파라미터들은 대역별 에너지 비율, 대역별 에너지의 차이, 포먼트 그리고 포먼트의 차이로써, 비음 위치에 따라 변화하는 조음기관의 영향을 잘 나타내 주었다. 이러한 음향음성학 파라미터를 이용하여 비음을 순비음(/m/), 치경비음(/n/), 그리고 연구개비음(/ng/)으로 나누는 실험을 진행하였고, TIMIT 데이터베이스로 실험하였을 때 57.5%의 검출률을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2009

A variety of cross-linguistic studies has documented that the acoustic properties of speech addressed to young children include exaggeration of pitch contours and acoustically salient features of phonetic units. It has been suggested that phonetic modifications of child-directed speech facilitate young children's learning of speech sounds by providing detailed phonetic information about the target word. While there are several studies reporting vowel modifications in speech to infants (i.e., hyper-articulated vowels), there has been little research about consonant modifications in speech to young children (except for VOT). The present study examines acoustic properties of Korean stops in Korean mothers' speech to their children (seven children aged 27 to 38 months). Korean tense, lax, and aspirated stops are all voiceless in word-initial position, and are perceptually differentiated by several acoustic parameters including VOT, $f_0$ of the following vowel, and the amplitude difference of the first and second harmonics at the voice onset of the following vowel. This study compares values of these parameters in Korean child-directed speech to those in adult-directed speech from same speakers. Conclusions focus on the acoustic properties of Korean stops in child-directed speech and how they are modified to help Korean young children learn the three-way phonetic contrast.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2003년도 10월 학술대회지
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• pp.3-16
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• 2003

ㆍAcoustic characteristics of stops in speech with contextual variability ㆍPosibility of stop recognition by post processing technique ㆍFurther work - Speech database - Modification of decoder - automatic segmentation of acoustic parameters

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제57호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to explore the acoustic characteristics of sexy voice. In this study, we measured acoustic parameters (fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and nasalance) of a sustained vowel sound produced by 40 actors (20 males and 20 females) and 40 non-actors (20 males and 20 females). Digital audio recordings were made in the sustained vowel |a| for acoustic analyses using Praat (version 4.1.9) and Nasal View (version 4.5). Twenty voice pathologists participated in the listening experiment and judged the degree of sexiness on a 7-point scale. The results showed that fundamental frequency, shimmer and nasalance had significant differences between actors and non-actors. The acoustic parameters of sexy voice matched perceptual aspects of a previous study: Low fundamental frequency-low pitch and high shimmer-husky voice. On the other hand, the nasalance score did not match that of the previous study: Decreased nasalance had a higher score on sexiness scale judged by the listeners. It would be desirable to study the voice quality by analyzing and controlling more acoustic and auditory parameters for practical applications in the future.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2004년도 춘계 학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.219-222
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to determine a correlation between acoustic and perceptual parameters of the singing voice in singing students and compare them with the results with previous studies, and a more sensitive parameters in analyzing professional vocal usage. This study measured acoustic and perceptual parameters in 41 singing students. Digital audio recordings were made in sung vowels acoustic analysis. Each sample was judged by 1 experienced singing teacher and 1 voice pathologist on two semantic bipolar 7-point scales (ringing-dull, rich-thin). The results showed that SPP1 (p<0.01), SPP2 (p<0.01), and P1(p<0.01) had significant correlations with ringing and richness quality.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.58-62
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 한국어 연결숫자인식에 있어서 모델간의 변별력을 향상시키기 위하여 음향학적 파라메터(Acoustic Parameter)를 사용하는 것을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 음성학적 지식에 근거하여 적절한 주파수 대역별 에너지의 비의 로그값을 추가적인 특징 파라메터로 사용한다. 실험결과, 제안된 방법을 사용함으로써 기본 인식시스템에 비해 오류율이 최고 46% 정도 감소됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 채널보상 기술을 함께 적용함으로써 69% 정도의 오류율 감소를 얻었다.

• 음성과학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.177-189
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• 2000

This paper investigates how individual speakers' speech can be distinguished using acoustic parameters such as amplitude, pitch, and formant frequencies. Word samples from fifteen male speakers in their 20's in three different regions were recorded in two different modes (i.e., casual and clear speech) in quiet settings, and were analyzed with a Praat macro scrip. In order to determine individual speakers' acoustical values, the total duration of voicing segments was measured in five different timepoints. Results showed that a high correlation coefficient between $F_1\;and\;F_2$ in formant frequency was found among the speakers although there was little correlation coefficient between amplitude and pitch. Statistical grouping shows that individual speakers' voices were not reflected in regional dialects for both casual and clear speech. In addition, the difference of maximum and minimum in amplitude was about 10 dB which indicates a perceptually audible degree. These acoustic data can give some meaningful guidelines for implementing algorithms of speaker identification and speaker verification.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2013

본 논문은 이중모음을 분류하기 위한 음향음성학적 파라메터를 연구하였다. 음향음성학적 파라메터는 성도를 통해 음성이 발성될 때 나타나는 특징을 기반으로 하여 분산분석(ANOVA) 방법을 통해 선별한 모음의 길이, 에너지 궤적, 그리고 포먼트의 차이를 이용하였다. TIMIT 데이터 베이스를 사용하였을 때, 단모음과 이중모음만을 구분하는 실험에서는 17.8% 의 밸런스 에러율(BER)을 얻을 수 있었고, /aw/, /ay/, 그리고 /oy/를 단모음과 분류하는 실험에서는 각각 32.9%, 29.9%, 그리고 20.2%의 에러율을 얻을 수 있었다. 추가적으로 진행한 실험에서, 음향음성학적 파라메터와 음성인식에 널리 쓰이고 있는 MFCC를 함께 사용하였을 경우 역시 성능향상이 나타나는 것을 확인하였다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2012

Thyroidectomy patients may have vocal paralysis or paresis, resulting in a breathy voice. The aim of this study was to investigate the aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of a breathy voice in thyroidectomy patients. Thirty-five subjects who have vocal paralysis after thyroidectomy participated in this study. According to perceptual judgements by three speech pathologists and one phonetic scholar, subjects were divided into two groups: breathy voice group (n = 21) and non-breathy voice group (n = 14). Aerodynamic analysis was conducted by three tasks (Voicing Efficiency, Maximum Sustained Phonation, Vital Capacity) and acoustic analysis was measured during Maximum Sustained Phonation task. The breathy voice group had significantly higher subglottal pressure and more pathological voice characteristics than the non breathy voice group. Showing 94.1% classification accuracy in result logistic regression of aerodynamic analysis, the predictor parameters for breathiness were maximum sound pressure level, sound pressure level range, phonation time of Maximum Sustained Phonation task and Pitch range, peak air pressure, and mean peak air pressure of Voicing Efficiency task. Classification accuracy of acoustic logistic regression was 88.6%, and five frequency perturbation parameters were shown as predictors. Vocal paralysis creates air turbulence at the glottis. It fluctuates frequency-related parameters and increases aspiration in high frequency areas. These changes determine perceptual breathiness.