• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2008

Purpose : The patients who have Supraspinatus tendinitis, Lateral epicondylitis, Achilles tendinitis are our targets, so we want to know their opinions in order to take Sono-graphic tests and to study utility value of Sono-graphic. Object and Methods : The case of 30 patients with Tendinitis results, we classified with three categories, Supraspinatus tendinitis, Lateral epicondylitis and Achilles tendinitis. Case by case, before medical treatment, we executed the inspections which are Sound side and Affected side. After 4 weeks of medical treatment, we executed the inspection which is Sono-graphic. Objectively comparing with Sono-graphic, we measured VAS(Visual Analog Scale) before and after physical therapy. Results : We could learn that VAS (Visual Analog Scale) and Sono-graphic wore decreased about changing the lesion area of each disease. For example, Supraspinatus tendinitis is from case 1 and case 2, Lateral epicondylitis is from case 8, case 9 and case 10, Achilles tendinitis is from case 16, case 17 and case 18. Conclusion : About organization of complicated anatomy, we could learn general ideas about Supraspinatus tendinitis, Lateral epicondylitis, Achilles tendinitis. And finally the results which appeared between the decrements of VAS and Sono-graphic are similar.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5766-5772
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• 2011

This study was to investigate the change of gait temporal parameter and ankle joint moment between patients with achilles tendinitis and healthy people. Thus, the purpose of this study is to clarify biomechanical change of gait in patients with achilles tendinitis and to find risk factor for prevention of achilles tendinitis. We recruited 20 patients with an achilles tendinitis and 20 healthy people. While subjects shuttled 5 times on 13 m distance with comfortable pace, we examined gait function marker with three-dimensional gait analysis system. All subject outstepped center of forceplate during gait and calculated ankle joint moment using software. Obtained data was analyzed using SPSS 12.0 software. In results, we confirmed that patients with achilles tendinitis showed reduction of extension moment in early initial phase and reduction of flexion moment in mid-stance on hip joint. and reduction of flexion moment in early initial phase and reduction of extension moment in late phase on knee joint. And we identified that patients with achilles tendinitis showed reduction of dorsiflexion moment in early stance phase, maximal plantarflexion moment in mid stance phase, and dorsiflexion moment in late stance phase. Thus, there are biomechanical changes on gait in patients with achilles tendinitis compared to healthy people. And, in clinical settings, they should focus on changes of gait in patients with achilles tendinitis. Further study will be undertaken for the biomechanical changes of patietns with achilles tendinitis.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.201-203
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• 2005

Although Achilles tendinitis is a relatively common disease, tuberculous involvement of Achilles tendon is rare. We report a case of tuberculous Achilles tendinitis, which was successfully treated with chemotherapy and a combined surgical procedure (Achilles tendon parital excision and FHL tendon transfer).

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.87-94
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• 2008

Purpose In order to estimate clinical effects of Oriental Medicine Treatment with acupotomy therapy of Achilles Tendinitis Methods From 4th August, 2008 to 14th August, 2008, 1 female patient diagnosed as Chronic Achilles Tendinitis (clinical diagnosed) was treated with general oriental medicine therapy(acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, physical therapy, herbal medication) and acupotomy. Results The patient's chief complaints- Lt. heel pain and stiffness, dorsi-flexion limitation, nodules in the achilles tendon- were notably improved. Conclusions This study demonstrates that oriental medical treatment with acuputomy therapy has significant effect in improving symptoms of achilles tendinitis. as though we had not wide experience in this treatment, more research is needed.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.309-315
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate five cases with chronic Achilles tendon rupture that occurred after steroid injections. Materials and Methods: In our hospital, we experienced five cases of chronic Achilles tendon rupture from September 2010 to March 2012. All patients had got steroid injection for Achilles tendinitis at the other hospitals, and their heel pain was aggravated when they visited our outpatient department. After treatment, signs and symptoms of Achilles tendon rupture were developed and the diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Surgical treatment was done for Achilles tendon rupture. Results: There was difference between intra-operative findings of Achilles tendon rupture and usual chronic Achilles tendon rupture. Unlike usual findings of chronic Achilles tendon rupture whose scar tissue or tissue attenuation are found around the defect area of Achilles tendon, there were partial necrosis of tendon severe adhesion with surrounding tissue, extensive defect and longitudinal rupture on ruptured area. Also, severe inflammation of paratenon, granulation and fibrinoid deposit were found on biopsy findings in four cases. Conclusion: Based on review of data about relative risk and benefit of local corticosteroid injection to inflammatory lesion in Achilles tendon, it requires more attention to Achilles tendon rupture following local corticosteroid injection.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.188-192
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• 2005

Purpose: It is to analyze the clinical utility of radiograhpic measurements for the insertional Achilles tendinitis patients who have Haglund's deformity and to evaluate the radiographic values related to Haglund's deformity in normal Korean population. Materials and Methods: We used the angle of Fowler and Philip, parallel pitch lines (PPL) and Chauveaux-Liet (CL) angle as radiographic measurements. We examined 50 cases of insertional Achilles tendinits patients and another 50 cases of normal foot as a control. Results: In normal feet, the mean value of angle of Fowler and Philip was $53.22^{\circ}$, CL angle was $-33.14^{\circ}$ and the PPL showed positive in 48%. In case of insertional Achilles tendinitis, the mean values were $55.39^{\circ}$, $-33.63^{\circ}$, positive in 56% respectively. There were not statistically significant differences (p>0.05). Conclusion: The radiographic values for Haglund's deformity between insertional Achilles tendinitis feet and the normal feet did not show significant difference. Therefore, it seems that the clinical utility of radiographic measurements for the insertional Achilles tendinitis with Haglund's deformity is not useful and the development of new diagnostic methods as MRI and ultrasonography is required.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to report the improved case of Achilles tendinitis treated with Korean medicine, Gyeon-mak chuna and Graston Technique. The patient diagnosed with Achilles tendinitis is hospitalized at Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, Samse Hospital of Korean Medicine. The subject is treated by herbal medicine, acupuncture, Gyeon-mak chuna and Graston technique. This study was measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, walking time without pain per 6 minutes (6MWT) and American orthopaedic foot and ankle society Hind foot scale (AOFAS). The patient showed decreased VAS, AOFAS and improved 6MWT after treated with Korean medicine, Gyeon-mak chuna and Graston Technique. The patient showed reduced pain and positive effect on activities of daily living.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.61-65
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• 2021

It is widely acknowledged that Achilles tendinopathy and resultant degeneration of the Achilles tendon could be either due to vigorous physical exertion or due to inflammation of the tendon associated with systemic disease. The overuse injuries are generally multifactorial in origin and are caused by repetitive strain of the affected tendon till the tendon can no longer endure the tensile stress. Various alignment and biomechanical faults are claimed to play a causative role. Only 2% of patients complaining of Achilles tendon pain are caused by systemic disease. However, to ensure the right approach to treatment, it is necessary to rule out inflammatory tendinitis caused by systemic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and seronegative spondyloarthrosis.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.102-105
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• 2012

Schwannoma is a common peripheral nerve tumor that mainly occur at head and neck, flexor muscle of upper, and lower extrimity. In posterior tibial nerve schwannoma, diagnosis is difficult, since physicians often consider achilles tendinitis, posterior impingement syndrome, retrocalcaneal bursitis, or injury of the flexor tendons, as the primary cause in patients with posterior ankle pain. Ultrasonogram may be a simple tool to differentiate such various diseases. The authors report a case of posterior tibial nerve schwannoma diagnosed with ultrasonogram, which was initially misunderstood as achilles tendinitis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.526-535
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• 2022

Background: During the pathogenesis of tendinopathy, the chronic inflammation caused by the injury and apoptosis leads to the generation of scars. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) is extracted from ginseng and has anti-inflammatory effects. Rg1 is a unique phytoestrogen that can activate the estrogen response element. This research aimed to explore whether Rg1 can function in the process of tendon repair through the estrogen receptor. Methods: In this research, the effects of Rg1 were evaluated in tenocytes and in a rat model of Achilles tendinitis (AT). Protein levels were shown by western blotting. qRT-PCR was employed for evaluating mRNA levels. Cell proliferation was evaluated through EdU assay and cell migration was evaluated by transwell assay and scratch test assay. Results: Rg1 up-regulated the expression of matrix-related factors and function of tendon in AT rat model. Rg1 reduced early inflammatory response and apoptosis in the tendon tissue of AT rat model. Rg1 promoted tenocyte migration and proliferation. The effects of Rg1 on tenocytes were inhibited by ICI182780. Rg1 activates the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF1R) and MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion: Rg1 promotes injured tendon healing in AT rat model through IGF1R and MAPK signaling pathway activation.