• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 1983

이종(二種)의 토양(土壤)을 가지고 논과 유사한 상태(狀態)로 만들어 butachlor를 일정기간(一定其間) 배양시(培養時) 모든 경우 주분해산물(主分解産物)로 2,6-diethyl-N-(butoxymethyl) acetanilide와 신분해산물(新分解産物) C를, 그리고 경우에 따라서는 비교적(比較的) 소량(少量)의 신분해산물(新分解産物) 8-ethyl-2-hydroxy-N-(butoxymethyl) 3,4-dihydroguinoline을 생성(生成)하였다. 토양미산물(土壤微産物)의 작용(作用)으로 추측(推測)되는 이 분해(分解)는 어느 정도 배양기간에 비 해하여 진행(進行)되었다. 전번 연구의 혐기적 배양시에는 2,6-diethyl-N-(butoxymethyl) acetanilide가 주분해산물(主分解産物)인 반면 이번 경우에는 m/z a91의 물질(物質)이 주분해산물(主分解産物)이었다. 그리고 Mass Spectrum의 Fragmentation Pattern에 의(依)하여 이들 신분해산물(新分解産物)의 화학구조(化學構造)를 구명(究明)하고 가능(可能)한 생성경로(生成經路)를 추정(推定)하였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.182-189
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• 1986

제초제 Alachlor가 밭토양 조건하에서 80일간 배양될 때 다음과 같은 4개의 주요분해 산물을 생성하였다. 즉 8-ethyl-2-hydroxy-N-(methoxymethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroguinoline (m/z 221). N-hydroxyacetyl-2,3-dihydro-7-ethylindole (m/z 205), 2-Hydroxy-2', 6',-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl) acetanilide (m/z 251) 그리고. 9-ethyl-1,5-dihydro-1-(methoxymethyl)-5-methyl-4,1-beznoxazepin-2(3H)-one (m/z 249)이었다. 이들 분해산물은 제 1보에서 사용한 담수 논 토양조건하에서 얻었던 분해산물들과 약간 다르다는 것을 알게 되었다. 그리고 Alachlor의 가능한 분해 경로를 제시하였다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.215-219
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• 1992

S. fradiae exhibited the highest acetanilide p-hydroxylation activity among the Streptomyces spp. screened. Studies with inhibitors (metyrapone, 2. 6-dichloroindophenol, $\alpha,\alpha'$-dipyridyl, o-phenanthroline) and an absorption peak after CO treatment suggested that S. fradiae hydroxylase activity was due to cytochrome p-450. This hydroxylase activity was increased to ten times in the cell extract containing 0.5 mM sodium azide. Furthermore, the sedimentary activity in $105,000\times{g}$ centrifugal forces and solubilization of the activity with Triton-X 100 implied that this enzyme was membrane bound monooxygenase. pH Optimum of the enzyme was 6.5 in membrane bound state.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 1992

S. fradiae showed the highest acetanilide p-hydroxylation activity in the tested strains. And S. fradiae was well characterized genetically, especially with respect to tylosin production. Two mutants, which lost hydroxylation, were isolated in 140 regenerated colonies from protoplasts. In restriction enzyme digesion of total DNAs, isolation of giant linear plasmid DNA and determination of antibiotic resistances to chloramphenicol, tylosin, hygromycin B and mitomycin C, any differences among mutants and a wild type strain were not detected. These facts suggest that lesion on 6, 000 Kb chromosomal DNA was responsible for the lack of p-hydroxylation activity induced by protoplast formation and regeneration.

• 약학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.156-160
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• 1989

A gas-chromatographic determination method of thiamin which use a quantitative cleavage of thiamin to 4-methyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)thiazol [I] and solvent extraction of the analyte prior to GC injection was modified. A column chromatographic procedure using a reversed phase, high capacity solid phase cartridge was applied to the clean-up of the analyte. Thiazol derivative[I] was quantitatively recovered upon the column method. Acetanilide, an internal standard, has a good recovery through the analytical procedure. The method has analytical precision of 2% or less in the coefficient of variation.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.83-92
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• 1982

균일(均一)하게 환표식(環標識)된 $^{14}C-butachlor$를 2종(二種)의 한국토양중에서 3개월간(三個月間) 혐기적으로 배양시 생성된 $^{14}CO_2$와 휘발성 물질의 량(量)은 근소하였다. 토양A에서는 고압살균한 경우와 살균하지 않은 경우 처리된 방사능의 77.52%와 45.36%가 각각 MeOH로 추출되었고 나머지는 토양중에 흡착되었다. 반면 토양B에서는 58.85%와 37.23%가 각각 추출되었고 나머지는 토양중에 잔류하였다. $^{14}C-butachlor$의 흡착은 토양의 특성에 좌우되었다. 또한 GLC-MS에 의하여 2,6-diethyl-N-(butoxymethyl)-acetanilide가 주된 대사산물로 밝혀졌고 2,6-diethyl aniline과 2,6-diethyl acetanilide는 소량 생성되었다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.391-403
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• 2007

The study was conducted to assess the repeated dose and reproduction and developmental toxicities of acetanilide, an intermediate for drug production, as a part of OECD Screening Information Data Set (SIDS) program. The test agent was administered by gavage at dose levels of 0, 22, 67, 200 and 600 mg/kg to Sprague-Dawley rats (12/group/sex) during pre-mating and mating period for males(up to 30 days) and females and pregnancy and early lactation period for females (up to 39-50 days). At 22 mg/kg, decreases in HGB, HCT (males) and MCHC (females), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp, hyperplasia of femur bone marrow (both sexes) were observed. At 67 mg/kg, salivation (males), reduced food consumption (both sexes), decreases in RBC, HGB, HCT and MCHC (males), increases in MCV (males) and spleen weight (males), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp and femur bone marrow (both sexes) were observed. At 200 mg/kg, decreases in locomotor activity and salivation (both sexes), reduced food consumption (both sexes), decreases in RBC, HGB, HCT and increases in MCV, MCH, BUN, T-BIL (males), enlargement of spleen (both sexes), increased weight of spleen (males), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp and femur bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoiesis of liver (both sexes), atrophy of thymus and corpus luteum hyperplasia of ovary (females) were observed. At 600 mg/kg, decreases in locomotor activity, cyanosis (both sexes), reddish tear, and salivation (males), mortality (4 out of 12 females), decreased body weight (females), reduced food consumption (both sexes), decreases in RBC, HGB, HCT and MCHC and increases in WBC, MCV, MCH, reticulocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, AST, ALT, BUN, T-BIL, ALB, Ca and A/G ratio (males), enlargement of spleen, increased weights of spleen (both sexes), liver (males), kidney and ovary, decreased weights of thymus (females), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp, hyperplasia of femur bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoiesis of liver (both sexes), and atrophy of thymus and corpus luteum hyperplasia of ovary (females) were observed. Regarding the reproduction and development toxicities, there were no treatment-related changes in precoital time, mating index, fertility index and pregnancy index at all doses tested. At 22 and 67 mg/kg, there were no adverse effects on all the parameters observed. At 200 mg/ kg, decreased body weight of pups (day 4 p.p.) were observed. At 600 mg/kg, decreased body weight of pups (day 0 and 4 p.p.) and viability index (day 4 p.p.), increased incidence of newborns dead or with abnormal clinical signs were observed. The results suggest that the NOAELs for general toxicity are < 22 mg/kg, LOAELs are 22 mg/kg and the NOAELs for reproductive toxicity are 67 mg/kg.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1359-1360
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• 2002

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.310-316
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• 1977

합리적인 제초제 사용에 필요한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 21개 대표통의 표토에 대한 Atrazine (2-Chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine)과 Alachlor (2-Chloro-2'.6'-diethyl-N-(meto xymethyl)-acetanilide)의 흡착 실험을 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Atrazine의 흡착은 점토함량과 유기물 함량과는 정의 상관관계이나 치환성 가리 함량과는 부의 상관관계이었다. 2. Alachlor의 흡착은 유기물 함량, 점토함량및 CEC와는 정의 상관관계이나 모재함량과는 부의 상관관계였다. 3. Alachlor의 토양흡착은 Freundlich 정온 흡착방정식과 잘 부합되었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1208-1254
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• 2002

Photoreaction of N-(o-halophenyl)acetamide in basic acetonitrile produces an intramolecular substituted product, 2-methylbenzoxazole in addition to reduced product, acetanilide, whereas photoreaction of N-(o-halobenzyl) acetamide affords a reduced product, N-benzylacetamide only. On the basis of preparative reaction, kinetics, and UV/vis absorption behavior, an electrophilic aromatic substitution of aryl halide with oxygen of its amide bond are proposed.