• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 논문요약집
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• pp.43-43
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• 2003

EST analysis was performed to identify stress-responsive and immune-related genes from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus). cDNA libraries were constructed with liver and randomly chosen 624 clones were subjected to automated sequence analysis. Of 624 clones sequenced in total, approximately 15% of ESTs was novel sequences (no match to GenBank) or sequences with high homology to hypothetical/unknown genes. The bioinforamtic sequence analysis including functional clustering, homology grouping, contig assembly with electronic northern and organism matches were carried out. Several potential stress-responsive biomarker and/or immune-related genes were identified in all the tissues examined. It included lectins, ferritins, CP450, proteinase, proteinase inhibitors, anti-oxidant enzymes, various heat-shock proteins, warm temperature acclimation protein, complements, methyltransferase, zinc finger proteins, lysozymes, macrophage maturation associated protein, and others. This information will offer new possibilities as fundamental baseline data for understanding and addressing their molecular mechanism involved in host defense and immune systems of this species.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.41-54
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the experience of adult Korean children who are caregivers for parents institutionalized with dementia. Methods: Participants were fourteen adult children caregivers of elders institutionalized with dementia. Data were collected through in-depth unstructured interviews with individual participants from August to November, 2012. Theoretical sampling was used to the point of theoretical saturation. Data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's Grounded Theory Method. Results: From open coding, 67 concepts, 29 sub-categories, and 14 categories were identified. Analysis revealed that the core category of the experience of adult children caring for their parents institutionalized with dementia was 'enduring the role of a prop' consisting of four phases: initial turmoil, exploration, role adjustment, and acclimation. To manage the role of a prop, participants utilized various action/interactional strategies such as overcoming the unfamiliarity, overseeing the nursing home care, and counterbalancing the caring roles. As a result, participants experienced ambivalence towards the existence of parents with dementia, changes in family relationships, altered viewpoint towards nursing homes, and restructuring of life. Conclusion: In-depth understanding of the experience will guide nurses to promote effective interventions in order to better support the Korean family caregivers of parents institutionalized with dementia.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.110-116
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• 2013

Effects of elevated air temperature and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) concentration on the leaf surface structures were investigated in Liriodendron tulipifera (yellow poplar) and Populus tomentiglandulosa (Suwon poplar). Cuttings of the two tree species were exposed to elevated air temperatures at $27/22^{\circ}C$ (day/night) and $CO_2$ concentrations at 770/790 ppm for three months. The abaxial leaf surface of yellow poplar under an ambient condition ($22/17^{\circ}C$ and 380/400 ppm) had stomata and epicuticular waxes (transversely ridged rodlets). A prominent increase in the density of epicuticular waxes was found on the leaves under the elevated condition. Meanwhile, the abaxial leaf surface of Suwon poplar under an ambient condition was covered with long trichomes. The leaves under the elevated condition possessed a higher amount of long trichomes than those under the ambient condition. These results suggest that the two poplar species may change their leaf surface structures under the elevated air temperature and $CO_2$ concentration condition for acclimation of increased photosynthesis.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.661-674
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• 2010

Bacterial biomass and its activity were measured in two kinds of granular activated carbon (GAC), the experimental and existing biofiltration system in a drinking water plant. The bacterial biomass was around 210 to 250 nmol P/g WW with phospholipid concentration at acclimation of ozonation treatment. The phospholipid biomass shows more or less a declining gradient along filter depth and no clear seasonality in its values. On the other hand, the microbial activity of [$^3H$]-thymidine and [$^{14}C$]-acetate incorporation within cells increased significantly along the filter depth, showing the difference of three fold between the upper and bottom layer. These factors support the different microbial composition or metabolic activity along the depth of GAC column. Turnover rates, the rate of bacterial biomass and production of biofilm, ranged from 0.26 /hr to 0.37 /hr, indicating a highly rapid recovery itself at amature state. In the non-ozonation treatment, the bacterial biomass was lower than in the ozonation and biological activity also declined towards the filter depth. The biomass levels during cessation of ozonation in the existing GAC filters were 68% of the actively ozonated state.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2016

본 연구는 가황촉진제 제조공정에서 발생되는 MBT 폐수의 생물학적 처리가능성을 평가하였다. MBT 폐수는 미생물 활동을 저하시키기 때문에 생물학적으로 처리가 불가능하였지만, 7일의 순응기간을 거쳐 약 10%의 COD가 제거되었다. MBT 폐수의 화학적 전처리를 위한 최적조건은 pH 3.5, 2시간동안 교반 후 $Fe^{3+}$를 주입하여 펜톤산화를 한 경우였다. 또한, 펜톤처리 된 MBT 폐수를 제지폐수와 혼합하여 활성슬러지공정에서 처리했을 경우 MBT 폐수의 COD가 약 20% 제거되었다.

• 대기
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.463-470
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• 2007

This study aims to assess the impact of the hot summer weather on daily mortality in Busan. Daily total all-caused mortality in the entire population in Busan has been examined during 1991-2005. The daily deaths were standardized to account for the long-term trend in mortality and their seasonal and weekly cycles. We found the net increase (about 8.2%) of excess deaths during the extraordinary heat wave period in July of 1994. It corresponds to the excess deaths of 109.5 during the month. The abnormality of temperature extremes in July of 1994 and their impacts on human health were also investigated. Unusual heat wave appeared in the first ten days in July of 1994. The excess deaths are likely to be attributable to the record-breaking heat waves. The result suggests that unusual early heat waves would be dangerous, even for inhabitants who live in an acclimated region to the heat waves such as Busan.

• 한국식물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물생명공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 및 국제심포지움 초록집
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• pp.63-63
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• 2005

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.77-97
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• 1993

Human and animals are living by acclimation to environmental changes like high and cold temperature, nose, confinement, etc. If the above changes reach a defined levels, some physiological abnormal state could appear, which we call them as stress state. Catecholamines are excreted by the sympathetic-adrenomedullary system in free from in urine. Catecholamines are derived from the adrenal medulla and urinary epinephrine can be taken as a rough estemation of the activity of this gland. Many scientist reported the endocrinological change, excretion of catecholamine and its metabolites, stomach ulcer formation, etc. under the condition of the confinement and high temperature. In this study author gave restraint, electric shock and immersion stress to rats by administrating by HPLC and got the following results. 1. In the restriant experiment, epinephrine contents in control rat was 194.7 ng, but in Bohyulanshintang administered rat urine 198.9 ng of epinephrine was found. 2. In the electrical shock experiment, 199.5 ng of epinephrine was found in the control rat urine, but in Bohyulanshintang administered rat urine epinephrine content was 142.4 ng. 3. Dopamine contents in control rat urine the immersion environment was 118.9 ng, but in Bohyulanshintang administered rat urine only 55.2 ng of dopamine was found. 4. Incontrol rat stomach there appeared focal erosion and inflamatory exudate, but in experimental group these symptom were turned to mild condition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1035-1043
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• 2012

The ammonia-oxidizing bacterial (AOB) communities in three membrane bioreactors (MBRs) were monitored for 2 months after an acclimation period in order to investigate the influence of sludge age and medium type on AOB changeability and its connection with nitrification effectiveness. One MBR with a sludge age of 4 days was fed with a synthetic medium, whereas the other two with sludge ages of 8 and 32 days were fed with landfill leachate. The research revealed that landfill leachate can be effectively treated in an MBR with a higher sludge age for longer periods of time and that this improvement in performance was correlated with an increase in AOB biodiversity. Interestingly, the medium type has a stronger influence on AOB biocenosis formation than the sludge age.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2003

The critical thermal maximum (CTM) of black rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli, was evaluated. Black rockfish were acclimated at $24^{\circ}C$, and then exposed to temperatures from 24 to $33^{\circ}C$. Black rockfish were kept in constant darkness and subjected to a gradual temperature increase $(1 ^{\circ}C\;12^{-1})$. The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was measured using an automatic intermittent­flow-respirometer (AIFR) during the exposure period (from 119.3 to 143.5 h). The OCR increased from 94.5 to 214.2mL $O_2 kg^{-1}\;ww\;h^{-1}$ as the temperature rose from 24 to $29.4-30.9^{\circ}C$. Subsequently, the OCR increased abruptly, reaching 245.8-412.7mL $O_2 kg^{-1}\;ww\;h^{-1}$ at $32^{\circ}C$. This study suggests that the CTM for black rockfish is $29.4-30.9^{\circ}C$ when temperature is increased at $1^{\circ}C\;12h^{-1}$ following acclimation at $24^{\circ}C$.