• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.135-141
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• 2018

Rotary that causes traffic delays and safety issues by high-speed entry vehicles is currently being improved to roundabout. The operational difference between rotary and roundabout can cause driver's confusion and traffic accident. The purpose of this study is to develop the accident rate models which explain the factors related to the accidents by land use and intersection type. The main results are as follows. First, the null hypotheses that the type of land use and two intersections do not affect the accident rate are rejected. Second, the conflicting factors such as the number of crosswalk and bicycle lane should be carefully considered to reduce traffic accident at rotary. In the case of roundabout, greater than 3.5 m in circulatory lane width and two circulatory lane are analyzed to be important to prevent the accidents. Finally, the commercial and mixed areas are evaluated to be weak to traffic accidents than residential area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.62-70
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• 2021

Representative systematic accident analysis methods proposed so far include AcciMap, STAMP, and FRAM. This study used these three techniques to analyze a fire accident case that occurred during routine manufacturing work in a domestic chemical plant and compared the results. The methods used different approaches to identify the cause of the accident, but they all highlighted similar causal factors. In addition to technical issues, the three accident analysis methods identified factors related to safety education, risk assessment, and the operation of the process safety management system, as well as management philosophy and company culture as problems. The AcciMap and STAMP models play complementary roles because they use hierarchical structures, while FRAM is more effective in analyses centered on human and organizational functions than in technical analyses.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.137-150
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• 2011

Nationally and internationally reported statistics on marine accidents show that 80% or more of all marine accidents are caused fully or in part by human error. According to the statistics of marine accident causes from Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal(KMST), operating errors are implicated in 78.7% of all marine accidents that occurred from 2002 to 2006. In the case of the collision accidents, about 95% of all collision accidents are caused by operating errors, and those human error related collision accidents are mostly caused by failure of maintaining proper lookout and breach of the regulations for preventing collision. One way of reducing the probability of occurrence of the human error related marine accidents effectively is by investigating and understanding the role of the human elements in accident causation. In this paper, causal factors/root causes classification systems for marine accident investigation were reviewed and some typical human error analysis methods used in shipping industry were described in detail. This paper also proposed a human error analysis method that contains a cognitive process model, a human error analysis technique(Maritime HFACS) and a marine accident causal chains, and then its application to the actual marine accident was provided as a case study in order to demonstrate the framework of the method.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated and identified criterial human factors(errors), most of which lead to terrible ship accidents such as collisions, sinking, fire and explosions resulting both in human lives and physical damages to ships as well as surrounding environments. To this end, we went through the accident reports of 413 cases over 2005~2009 period and classified the human factors into 6 major factors with 19 sub ones which were constructed in hierarchical order. The relative importance of major factors was calculated and among others the lack of awareness turned out to be the most important factor with the weight of 0.391. The contributions of the results in the research are two fold: it will help (i) identify the root causes of ship accidents and prevent further potential ship related incidents, (ii) analyze the degree of the risk associated with the ship accidents, when risk analysis is performed.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.1126-1131
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• 2006

Risk assessment of a railway system should be periodically conducted managing a large amount of accumulating accident/incident data and scenarios, which generally requires enormous time and efforts. Therefore, special information management system is essential for railway risk assessment, where data needed for decisions on managing the railway safety could be promptly supported. The objective of this study is to develop a railway accident analysis program for risk assessment. The program is application running on the web which links railway accident analysts throughout the railway industry to a central database. Data entered, together with associated code tables. is stored on MS-SQL database. The program uses the concepts of accident, safety events, causes, related factors(vehicle, person, infrastructure, tool/equipment), recommendations to bring together the various elements of railway accidents. The program will be useful in finding hazard conditions, accident scenarios, quantitatively assessing the risk, and providing pertinent risk measures, eventually serving to prevent railway accidents and reduce severities of railway accidents.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.33-47
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• 1994

On developing port system, the performance tests of system in relation to ship maneuver generally consists of the three parts: the channel transit, the manoeuvring in a turning basin and the docking/undocking. The quantifications of risk of an accident has priviously been difficult due to the low occurrence of accidents relative to the number of transits. Additionally, accident statistics could not be related port system because of the large number of factors contributing to the accident. such as human error, equipment failure, visibility, light, traffic. etc. In case of the channel transit, "Relative Risk Factor(RRF)" or "Relative Risk Factor for Meeting Traffic" was proposed as the as the measures derived to quantify the relative risk of accident by M.W.Smith. This factor measure the tracking performance, the turning performance and the passing performance at meeting traffic. On the other hand, the safety of berthing maneuver is not measured with a few evaluating factors as controlled due to complex controllabilites such as steering, engine, side thrusters or tugs. This work, therefore, aims to propose the evaluating measure by the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). Six experimental scenarios were establised under the various environmental conditions as independent variables. In every simulation, the difficulty of maneuver was scored by captain and compared with AHP scores. The results show almost same and from which the weights of eight evaluating factors could be fixed. Additionally, the limit value of relative factor in berthing safety to six scenarios could be estimated to 0.11.e estimated to 0.11.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.29-34
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• 2004

Ship is bring operated under a highly dynamic environments and many factors are related whit marine accident and those factors are interacting. An analysis on the marine accident is very important to prepare countermeasures which will ensure the safe navigation This paper aims to build a model of the rouses and improved policy for marine accident using SD(System Dynamics) approach and to measure a effect which is risk control countermeasures of marine accident The methodology of this paper is to perform the causes and improved policy for marine accident using Brainstorming method, and was to changed by quantitutive, qualitative factors and their feedback loops in casual map. This model was performed over 23 years($1997\~2020$) in a standard simulation model and 4 policy simulation models.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.427-433
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of workers' perceived workload, accident experiences, supervisors' safety leadership, and an organization's safety climate on the cognitive and emotional risk perception. Methods: Six hundred and twenty employees in a variety of manufacturing organizations were asked to complete to a questionnaire. Among them, a total of 376 employees provided valid data for analysis. To test the hypothesis, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS program, version 23. Results: The results indicated that workload and accident experiences have a positive influence and safety leadership and safety climate have a negative influence on the cognitive and emotional risk perception. Workload, safety leadership, and the safety climate influence perceived risk more than accident experience, especially for the emotional risk perception. Conclusion: These results indicated that multilevel factors (organization, group, and individual) play a critical role in predicting individual risk perceptions. Based on these results, therefore, to reduce risk perception related with unsafe behaviors and accidents, organizations need to conduct a variety of safety programs that enhance their safety climate beyond simple safety-related education and training. Simultaneously, it needs to seek ways to promote supervisors' safety leadership behaviors (e.g., site visits, feedback, safety communication, etc.). In addition, it is necessary to adjust work speed and amount and allocate task considering employees' skill and ability to reduce the workload for reducing risk perception.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.63-68
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• 2008

Compared with past, helicopters have remarkably high level of safety and accidents due to mechanical defects are decreased about 15%. Most of their duties, however, are to commit at duty area which is hard to access. Because of them, collision probability is high and also has relatively higher accident rates than other aircraft with special mission. A result of analysis is that accident rate is relative high with prevention of disasters, putting out a fire and crop-dusting missions under 500ft. In addition, most of accidents are related with human factors. According to this, it is required to pilots who carry these mission that safety education and detailed analysis about their mission.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1524-1530
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• 2008

Generally a road vehicle's wrong entry into level crossing gives rise to hazardous events, the eventual collision with a approaching train depends on the effective operation of safety barriers such a abnormal condition detecting or emergency braking. In this paper, the risk assessment models developed for the level-crossing accidents will be introduced. The definition of hazardous events and the related hazardous factors are identified by the review of the accident history and engineering interpretation of the accident behavior. A probability of the hazardous events will be evaluated by the FTA, which is based on the accident scenario. For the severity estimation, the critical factors which can effect on the consequence will be reviewed during the ETA. Finally, the number of casualty for the public(vehicle drivers) and the train passengers are converted into an equivalent fatality.