• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.349-357
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• 2016

Recently, the quantity of risk in construction project has been inflated due to the fact that current construction projects have been large and complicated. Therefore, a study on the risk management methods is necessary that can predict and respond to the need in complicated modern construction projects. In this study, the objective is to analyze the cause of accident in actual construction sites and develop a risk assessment model based on insurance claims records. To reach the goal of this study, first, the frequency and severity of accidents are analyzed the causes of accidents based on the classification; progress rate, season, and total construction costs. Second, a risk assessment model is developed by utilizing a multiple regression analysis. The dependent variable is loss ratio of material damage and three categories; natural hazards, geographic information, and construction method & ability, are used as the independent variables. The model's adjusted R-square is 0.455. The contributions of this study will be used as a material for a quantitative risk analysis model development and review of the construction risk factors for future study.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.201-211
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• 2016

This descriptive study was aimed to identify factors which influence safety performance through evaluation of nurse's perception of patient safety culture and safety control in general hospital. Self-administered web surveys were conducted by 342 nurses who employed in general hospital from May 09 to May 13, 2014. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 statistical program. The results of analysis revealed that the score of safety culture perception was 3.34, safety control was 3.50, safety performance was 3.53 and all scores were higher level than usual. There were significant positive correlation between safety performance and perception of patient safety culture, safety control (r=.463~.645, p<.001). The positively influencing factors of safety performance are marital status, frequency of accident reports, general perception of patient safety and safety control. Explanation ratio of the variables for the safety performance was 52.0% in this study(F=4.252, p=.004). This study findings suggest that it would be useful as a preliminary report of nurse's intervention strategy through confirmation of the nurse's positive effect to improve safety performance in general hospital.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.189-194
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• 2005

The interest of people is rising on water leisure and the population of water sports is increasing with expanded nationwide roads and 5-day work system for income elevation. However, there are many discussions about the way to prevent the accident related to water leisure activities. Water Leisure Safety Regulation was enacted in 1999 as a part of the way and revised in 2005. Therefore it needs to grasp the present state of water leisure activities and analyze the actual condition of consciousness. For the analysis. the question survey was conducted on water leisurers in the focus with regulation of the revised so that the degree of relevance and correlation between mutual variables were analyzed by Frequency and Crosstabs. From this study we found that more than $60\%$ of water leisurers thought registration, safety instruction, insurance, and safety inspection necessary and there was a characteristic common inclination to all for necessity to impose legal controls on water leisure activities as the level of dissatisfaction for water leisure apparatus and cognition for necessity of insurance was high.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.465-475
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• 2017

As a result of a survey on households using gas, gas safety accidents have been declining linearly in 2006. However, when analyzing the causes of gas accidents, accidents detail caused by carelessness have increased to 62%It is analyzed that urgent measures are needed. In addition, 7 households per 10 households perceive city gas as safe, but 30% of them recognize that gas safety accidents are likely to occur in their homes in the future. Even though city gas use is relatively safe,It is recognized that there is a risk. Although the perception of the gas safety of the city gas consumers is not related to the age and gender income level, it is analyzed that it is highly educated and experienced direct or indirect gas safety accident, the perception of safety was relatively low. In order to reduce gas safety accidents, the installation of gas safety equipment for elderly households should be continuously supplied. As a result of investigating the disposal costs in case of various disasters, 66% of the insurance costs were found to be highly dependent on insurance. In addition, to reduce gas safety accidents, the installation of gas safety devices for elderly households should be continuously implemented.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.93-102
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• 2012

The frequency and severity of traffic accidents related to signalized intersections in urban areas have been more serious than those in both arterial segments and crosswalks. Especially, traffic accidents involved with injuries and fatalities have caused by traffic signal violations within intersections. Therefore, many countries including Korea have installed the red light enforcement camera (RLE) to reduce traffic accidents associated with the traffic signal violation. Meanwhile, many methodologies have been studied in terms of safety impacts estimation of red light enforcement, which, however, cannot be easy to conduct. In this study, safety impacts was estimated for intersections of Chicago downtown area using SPF models and EB approach. As a result, for all crash types and target traffic accident types such as "angle", "rear end", "sideswipe in the same and other directions", "turn", and "head on", fatal crashes were reduced by 26% and 38%. However, RLE may increase property-demage-only-crashes by 3.23% and 1.16%, respectively.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.44-52
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to inquire the people's views on nursing for nurses, correct the image of nurse and take it as basis to be applied on nursing education examining the image of nursing on Television drama playing important role of mass media. 22 nurses of the characters in drama is applied to the analysis object of this study by selecting 6 dramas of Television ones the nurse play on the prime time from June 1 to August 31 in 1997. Contents analysis method was used in Data Analysis, 4 items was used after Coders previously modify and compensate it based on research documents of 1m Milim(1996) 2 Coders made the Coding the article on each person by them seeing the recorded film making the Coding Paper each items is written by the character. The average of reliability degree was 90% which measured the reliability degree by the mathod of Holsti. The statisic method of frequency, percentage was used SPSS Program in data processing The results were as follows. 1. Relative importance of 86.2% nurses in drama was depicted as extra characters 2. The affair attitude of nurses shown on drama was revealed as mechanical(84.7%), passive(45.5%), dependent(54.4%) unkind(68.2%). 3. The activity of nurses was classified with professional! simple affair. The professional affairs such as I.V., Blood Pressure Check, Rounding, Nursing Recording, Patient Education, Assist of Operation, Assistant meal of Patient, etc is mainly depicted and the screen of simple affair such as Receiving telephone, Carrying Tray or Dragging, Stretcher Car, Dressing Car and or Wheel Chair than professional affair. 4. The appearance feature of nurses was shown on thin physique(68.2%), common stature(68.2), dirty costume(45.4%), common appearance(81.9%), unnoble action(63.6%). The image of nurses is illuminated as the exterial scene of technical affair such as assisting the doctors and affair focused on accident and educational activity of nureses or extended role is nor depicted on Television drama. Therefore, the people regard the nurse as sexual object with good appearance than professional worker working professional nursing We want the following, epigraph based on above conclusion. 1. The continuous research is required on the image of nurse shown on various mass media. 2. The later research is required on appliction strategy of mass media for advancing the image of nurse. 3. The research to strengthen the objectivity by comparing analyzed data on drama & analyzing it is required 4. Through the deep study, the standard to show a concrete and professional work of nurses to scenario writers of TV drama is suggested by the association. 5. The monitoring about the mass media must be activated, not by some nurses, on a national scale and much study on the basis of this is needed.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.49-59
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• 2012

Recently, various alternatives for safety and efficiency of commercial vehicles have been considered, and one of the new alternatives is the application of a digital tachograph. In Korea, the installation of a digital tachograph to commercial vehicles was regulated from 2011 and Korea Transportation Safety Authority developed e-TAS to analyze the monitoring data from digital tachographs installed in the order of 100 commercial vehicles. This study performs the potential impact analysis of the DTG installation, which includes a trend of dangerous driving, a trend of traffic accidents and cost-effective analysis, a trend of fuel consumption and cost-effective analysis, a cost-effective analysis of social benefits using e-TAS data. Depending on the frequency of dangerous driving, the participants are divided into three groups; high-dangerous group, average-dangerous group and low-dangerous group. The high-dangerous driving group shows lower km/liter than the low-dangerous driving group by 15% for buses and taxis and by 30% for trucks. About $CO_2$ emission, the difference becomes bigger; 25%, 25% and 42% for buses, taxis and trucks, respectively. Although this study is a short-term period analysis, the methodology will be applicable for the long-term period analysis with larger data.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.293-310
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to present the most effective smoke exhaust mode by comparing the quantitatively evaluated risks according to the smoke exhaust mode when a train fire occurs in a subway platform. Therefore, applying the typical subway platform as a model, train fire scenarios are developed with the evacuation start time and location of the fire train for each exhaust mode. The fire accident rates (F) are calculated and the number of fatalities (N) was quantitatively estimated by fire analysis and evacuation analysis for each scenario. In addition, the F/N curve compared with the social risk assessment criteria and the following conclusions were obtained. In the event of a train fire at the subway station platform, the evacuation must start up within 600 s in maximum to ensure the evacuees' safety. To secure evacuation safety, it is advantageous to operate the HVAC system of the platform in the air-supply mode at station without TVF. Comparing the F/N curve for each exhaust mode with the social risk criteria, it turned out that the risk significantly exceeds the social risk criteria in case of no mechanical ventilation. As a result, this paper shows that the ventilation mode in which TVF are exhausted and HVAC system is operated in the pressurized mode are the most effective smoke exhaust mode for ensuring evacuation safety.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.66-73
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• 2019

Thanks to various efforts to reduce disasters by the government and the Health and Safety Authority, disasters across industries and the construction industry show their reduction trend. However, the falling disasters in the construction industry have not decreased and increased on the contrary. Especially falling disaster caused by Hanging Scaffolding is the most critical disaster which shows low occurrence frequency but is directly connected to death of worker. The working environment for Hanging Scaffolding is poor in domestic construction site. In particular, the Hanging Scaffolding workers in small construction sites are not on the safety control and management by anyone for their works. They are driven to unsafe working condition with mostly uncertified facilities which are made by themselves. Therefore, this study is focused on searching falling disaster factors from the 242 disaster cases caused by Hanging Scaffolding Work in 15 years presented by KOSHA, and trying to provide suggestions for improvement. The improvement of the method of work requires facility improvement and work due to high accident rate caused by unsafe behavior. Analysis of the case of a disaster occurring over the past 15 years shows that no disaster occurred due to problems in the order of operations presented by KOSHA. However, it was found that many accidents resulted from death caused by safety belts not being installed or attached to ropes using safety belts without following the order of work. The most important aspect of improving the work method was the installation and wearing of lifeboats and safety belts.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.273-280
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• 1986

The purpose of this study is to obtain the experimental data of the forced flow dryout heat flux in a heat generating debris bed which simulates the degraded nuclear reactor core after severe accident. An experimental investigation has been conducted of dryout heat flux in an inductively heated bed of steel particles with upward forced flow rising coolant circulation system under atmospheric pressure. The present observations were mainly focused on the effects of coolant mass flux, particle size, bed height, and coolant subcooling on the dryout heat flux The data were obtained when carbon steel particles in the size distribution 1.5, 2.5, 3.0 and 4.0 mm were placed in a 55 mm ID Pyrex glass column and inductively heated by passing radio frequency current through a multiturn work coil encircling the column. Distilled water was supplied with variation of mass flux from 0 to 3.5 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ s as a coolant in the tests, while the bed height was selected as 55 mm and 110 mm. Inlet temperature of coolant varied by 2$0^{\circ}C$ and 8$0^{\circ}C$. The principal results of the tests are: (1) Dryout heat flux increases with increase of upward forcing mass flux and particle size; (2) The dryout heat flux at the zero mass flux obviously depends on the Particle size as Previous studies; (3) The forced flow dryout heat flux in the shallow bed is somewhat higher than that in the deep bed,