• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.69-84
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• 2016

The paper investigates open access (OA) self archiving policies of different Open Access Repositories (OARs) of COAPI (Coalition of Open Access Policy Institutions) founder members as reported in June 2011 (i.e. a total of 22 members against a total of 46 COPAI members as reported by Open Biomed (http://openbiomed.info/2011/08/coapi-cats/). The paper consulted three databases (OpenDOAR, ROAR and ROARMAP) in order to evaluate twenty-two (22) COAPI-members OARs self archiving policy documentations and highlights of some progress on issues so far. After analyzing policy documentations, key findings have been highlighted and common practices have been suggested in line with global recommendations and best practice guidelines at national and international levels for strengthening national research systems. The paper has implications for administrators, funding agencies, policy makers and professional librarians in devising institute specific self archiving policies for their own organization.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2010

Background & Objectives: Current trend is that funding agencies require investigators to share their data with others. However, there is limited guidance how to access and utilize the shared data. We sought to determine what common data sharing practices in U.S.A. are, what data-related to adolescent health are freely available, and how we deal with the large dataset adopting the complex study design. Methods: The study included only research data-related to adolescent health which was collected in USA and unlimitedly accessible through the internet. Only the raw data, not aggregated, was considered for the study. Major keywords for web search were "adolescent", "children", "health", and "school". Results: Current approaches for public health data sharing lacked of common standards and varied largely due to the data's complex nature, large size, local expertise and internal procedures. Some common data sharing practices are unlimited access, formal screened access, restricted access, and informal exclusive access. The Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention were the best data depository. "Data on the net" was search engine for the website providing data freely available. Six datasets related to adolescent health freely available were identified. The importance and methods of incorporating complex research design into analysis was discussed. Conclusion: There have been various attempts to standardize process for open access and open data using the information technology concept. However, it may not be easy for researchers to adapt themselves to this high technology. Therefore, guidance provided by this study may help researchers enhance the accessibility to and the utilization of the open source data.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.21-35
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• 2021

본 연구는 사회적 자본이론을 중심으로, 창업자의 사회적 역량이 사회적 네트워크의 특성을 매개로 투자유치 활동에 미치는 영향을 공식적, 비공식적 투자유치 접근방식으로 구분하여 분석하였다. 또한 창업자의 사회적 자본을 개인 네트워크와 비즈니스 네트워크로 구분하여 투자유치 시도방식에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 국내 창업기업의 창업자 252명을 대상으로 설문 데이터를 수집하였으며, 구조방정식 모형을 적용하여 경로분석과 매개효과 분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구는 사회적 역량이 창업자의 개인 네트워크와 비즈니스 네트워크를 각각 완전 매개하여 각기 다른 투자유치 시도방식을 선택한다는 결과를 도출하였다. 즉, 창업자의 사회적 역량 수준이 높으면 창업자 본인의 네트워크를 통하여 비공식적인 투자유치 기회를 추구하며 이들은 상대적으로 공개 투자유치 시도를 하지 않는 경향이 있음을 시사한다. 반대로 창업자의 사회적 역량 수준이 낮으면 비즈니스 네트워크를 통하여 공식적인 투자유치 기회를 추구하며, 상대적으로 이들은 지인 또는 지인소개를 통한 투자유치 시도를 하지 않는 경향이 있음을 의미한다. 이는 투자유치 맥락에서 창업자의 사회적 역량이 개인 네트워크와 비즈니스 네트워크에 상반된 영향을 미친다는 점을 실증한 국내 첫 연구로서 의의가 있다. 또한 지위 생성기(Position generator)기법으로 네트워크의 크기, 위세, 이질성을 종합한 변수를 구성하여 보다 정밀하게 네트워크 특성을 측정하였다는 방법론적인 기여가 있다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to overview and assess the effectiveness of the policies and regulations that have governed new drug access in Korea, and to propose policies to enhance patient access to drugs, particularly for new innovative medicines. Methods: We approached drug access issues in two perspectives: approval lag (or availability) and reimbursement lag (or affordability). The issues were identified and evaluated through the review of literature, public documents, reports published by the government agencies and private organizations, and news articles. Results: To shorten approval lag, it is recommended to hire and train more reviewers at the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Increasing user fees to a realistic level can facilitate this process. To reduce reimbursement lag, flexible incremental cost-effectiveness ratio threshold, alternative cost-effectiveness evaluation, and establishment of funding source other than the national health insurance are identified as the areas to be improved. Conclusion: The current policies and regulations had to be supplemented by new systems to drastically promote patient accessibility to new drugs, consequently in order to promote national public health.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1-25
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• 2005

Legislation on pharmaceutical reimbursement decision using economic evaluation results was made in Korea in fm, but has yet to be fully implemented. We evaluated the quality of Korean economic evaluation studies of pharmaceuticals to understand gaps between legislation and implementation. From this evaluation, we propose policy options that might strengthen the research Infrastructure In order to support such studies. We reviewed 23 published studies for drugs conducted between 1996 and 2004. Evaluation criteria included methodological characteristics, healthcare system characteristics, population characteristics, and applicability of results. Large variation in study quality was observed, particularly with study design, outcome data, treatment patterns and interpretation. Korean clinical data used was mostly from observational studies of 1-2 hospitals. Foreign data was extracted from clinical trials that did not Include Asian population and their selection criterion was not clarified. With respect to treatment patterns, medical records and hospital bills were used without adjustment regarding area, hospital type, and others. And next frequent situation relied on expert opinion from academic physicians in specialty practice. preference measures, when used, were not elicited from the Korean population. $78.3\%$ of studies did not clarify the funding source. If the Korean economic evaluation policy is to provide meaningful data for decision makers, the quality of cost-effectiveness studies will need to improve dramatically. This may involve access to or creation of better data, more diverse funding, unproved training of researchers and evaluators, and partnerships with technology manufacturers.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.541-549
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• 2015

미국과 유럽 국가들에 대한 연구결과에 의하면, 순 고용을 창출하는 기업은 창업기업과 신생기업들이며, 실업률 감소와 경제 성장을 위해서는 창업기업의 수를 늘리고 창업기업의 생존율과 성장률을 높여주는 것이다. 자금조달은 창업과 신생기업 성장을 위해서 가장 중요한 요인이며, 특히 신생기업은 성장을 위한 자금조달능력에 따라 기업의 생존이 결정 될 수 있다. 주식형 크라우드 펀딩은 영업을 위한 효율적이고 혁신적인 자금조달 수단이며, 신생 기업이 온라인으로 수많은 대중들과 소통하게 하는 특성을 가지고 있기 때문에, 영업의 성공률과 성장률, 그리고 투자 수익성을 높여줌으로서 벤처캐피탈과 엔젤 투자가들의 투자를 유인하는 역할을 한다. 우리나라는 창업과 벤처기업의 생존율과 생존 기업들의 성장률이 미국과 다른 국가들의 신생기업 생존율과 성장률에 비하여 매우 낮은데, 그 원인은 창업 및 초기성장을 위한 자금 부족이 중요한 요인이 될 수 있다. 따라서 우리나라에서도 주식형 크라우드 펀딩이 벤처기업과 신생기업의 새로운 자금원이 되어 창업율과 창업기업의 생존율, 그리고 생존기업의 성장률을 증가시킴으로서 순고용 증가에 기여할 것이다. 우리나라는 2016년부터 주식형 크라우드 펀딩이 허용됨으로 고용창출에 미치는 확실한 효과는 향후 더 많은 연구가 필요한 분야일 것이다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2007

가속도가 붙은 지구온난화 문제와 수 십년 이내로 예상되는 화석연료의 고갈은 지속가능하면서도 환경친화적인 새로운 형태의 에너지 출현을 필요로 하고 있다. 이러한 추세에 맞추어 태양광, 조력, 지열, 풍력, 수소 에너지와 더불어 바이오에너지가 대체에너지로서 주목받고 있다. 바이오에너지는 태양에너지를 유기물로 변환하는 식물을 재료로 하여 바이오 에탄올이나 바이오디젤 등을 생산하여 사용하는 것으로 대체 에너지가 갖춰야 할 조건을 두루 갖춘 최적의 신재생에너지로 고려되고 있다. 하지만 바이오에너지가 진정한 의미에서의 환경친화적이면서 지속가능성을 갖추기 위해서는 아직 기술적으로 해결해야할 문제점들이 많다. 최근 미국에서 바이오에탄올 생산을 위한 옥수수 소비량이 늘어 곡물 및 사료 가격의 급등 현상으로 이어지고 있다. 또한 이러한 현상은 개발도상국 식량자원의 선진국 유입 등으로 빈곤의 심화 등이 새로운 문제점으로 지적되고 있다. 따라서 곡물이 아닌 비식용 부위를 이용한 에탄올 생산이 대안으로 여겨지고 있는 바 셀룰로스 에탄올은 이러한 문제점을 극복할 수 있는 대체에너지로서 자리매김하고 있다. 셀룰로스 바이오에탄올은 사람 등의 동물이 소화하지 못하는 바이오매스의 대부분을 차지하는 식물 세포벽을 곰팡이 등에서 분리한 효소로 분해한 후 여기서 생성되는 당을 발효과정을 통해 생산되는 에탄올로서 전술한 바와 같은 문제점을 해결할 수 있는 유망한 대안 에너지로 고려되고 있다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제25권
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• pp.3-40
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• 2005

Many Korean construction companies have been performing a variety of overseas construction projects since the 1970s. It is unfortunate that in many cases they have had to suffer big losses caused by errors and defects in the design and construction of the projects. In the author's opinion, however, there were losses that could have been avoided if they had understood better the feature and content of the particular construction contract. Few lawyers and scholars in Korea have been interested in the research and study of international construction contracts. This is mainly because they do not have access to practical sources outside of Korea for them to research and study since the contracts undertaken have been dealt with by law firms in other jurisdictions to which the disputes apply. This article is aiming primarily at the introduction of the issues which the practitioners are likely to confront in the process of reviewing and performing the international construction contract. In some cases solutions are sought about these issues based upon the FIDIC standard terms and conditions, the actual experience of practice, and UNIDROIT Principles, etc. It is reasonable to say that all the issues related to the international construction contract cannot be covered in a short article like this. The author wishes this article could induce subsequent studies on international construction contracts for further research. It has to be noted that from time to time Korean construction practices have been compared to the international ones for better understanding. This article mostly includes cases where the Korean construction companies go overseas for their projects, while there are some cases where foreign developers and financial investors participated in domestic projects in which international construction contracts forms were adopted. A few precedent domestic writings about international construction contracts seems to lack emphasis on the points that there are several standard construction contract forms and that they are different. The differences are mainly in accordance with who bears the design responsibility, how the owner has to make progress payments to the contractor and who the funding source for the project is. This article tries to make it clear that there are significant differences between the standard contract forms, e.g. a simple construction form, a design-build form and an EPC/turnkey form of contract. Again, the author hopes that this article can arouse the interest in the international construction contracts from both academic and practical fields, so that many subsequent advanced articles can help our construction industry become much more competitive in the world through awareness of the methods of procurement and administration of the contracts.