• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.209-218
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• 2013

This study was to perform the kinetic analysis of forward $1\frac{1}{2}$ somersault on the platform diving. Six men's diving players of the Korea national reserve athletes participated in this study. The variables were analyzed response time, velocity, center of mass (COM), angle, center of pressure (COP) and ground reaction force (GRF) of motion. For measure and analysis of this study, used to synchronized to 4 camcorder and 1 force plate, used to the Kwon3D XP (Ver. 4.0, Visol, Korea) and Kwon GRF (Ver. 2.0, Visol, Korea) for analyzed of variables. The results were as follows; Time factor were observed in maximum knee flexion depending on the extent of use at phase 1 of take-off to execute the somersault. This enabled the subject to secure the highest possible body position in space at the moment of jumping to execute the somersault and prepare for the entry into the water with more ease. Regarding the displacement of COM, all subjects showed rightward movement in the lateral displacement during technical execution. Changes in forward and downward movements were observed in the horizontal and vertical displacements, respectively. In terms of angular shift, the shoulder joint angle tended to decrease on average, and the elbow joints showed gradually increasing angles. This finding can be explained by the shift of the coordinate points of body segments around the rotational axis in order to execute the half-bending movement that can be implemented by pulling the lower limb segments toward the trunk using the upper limb segments. The hip joint angles gradually decreased; this accelerated the rotational movement by narrowing the distance to the trunk. Movement-specific shifts in the COP occurred in the front of and vertical directions. Regarding the changes in GRF, which is influenced by the strong compressive load exerted by the supporting feet, efficient aerial movements were executed through a vertical jump, with no energy lost to the lateral GRF.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.549-554
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• 2008

In order to synthesize polymer particle containing inorganic material, styrene and n-butylmethacrylate were copolymerized with alumina by dispersion polymerization. The weight ratio of styrene to n-butylmethacrylate was 3 : 1. A poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidon) was added as stabilizer. 2,2'-AzobisCisobutyronitrile) and 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane were used as initiator and coupling agent, respectively. The weight ratio of 70 : 30 of isopropanol to distilled water was used as dispersion medium. According to the TEM measurement, we could confirm that alumina was dispersed into the polymer particle. The increase 'of concentration of alumina resulted in enhancement of particle size, but decreased its distribution. By the XRD method, it was found that the increase of alumina concentration showed the increase of intensity in peak and the increased 2$\theta$ value. From the TGA measurement, the increase of alumina concentration caused high heat resistance of the polymer. With respect to the type of initiator, the longer half life of initiator, the smaller particle size. We also found that the increase of particle stabilizer concentration made the decreased of particle size due to the accelerated generation of polymer particle in the early stage of reaction.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.55-61
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• 1986

This study was attempted to investigate the occurrence and the partial characteristics of pectinesterase (PE) in cucumbers. And the involvement of endogenous cucumber PE with the formation of insoluble pectic acid, in the presence of endogenous or added calcium ions, was also studied. The results of this study are as follows: 1) PE activity was detected in whole cucumber homogenate. 2) The optimum pH and temperature of this enzyme were found to be 8.5 and $50^{\circ}C$, respectively 3) When PE extract was added to 0.25% pectin solution, pectin gel was formed. The time required for the formation of pectin gel was reduced when the pectin solution was adjusted to the optimum conditions for PE activity(pH 8.5, $50^{\circ}C$) and $CaCl_2$ was added. 4) Cucumber juice which was heated to $100^{\circ}C$ for 10 minutes fatted to form any insoluble pectate precipitate. The formation of precipitate in cucumber juice was accelerated by preheating to $50^{\circ}C$, adjusting to pH 8.5 and addition of $CaCl_2$. 5) These results can be interpreted that endogenous PE in cucumber juice demethylates pectin, allowing interlinking of pectin molecules via divalent cation $(Ca^{++})$ and thus forming insoluble Ca-pectate. Therefore additional firming effects of cucumber can be expected to be obtained through activation of PE in conjunction with calcium ions.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.867-883
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• 2010

Recognizing the importance of motivation, goal orientation, and attitudes toward schools is an important component for educators to consider as they establish positive learning communities for gifted learners. The purpose of this study was to describe attitudes toward school and self relationship to schoolwork for students who are enrolled in the 5th, 6th, and 7th grade, identified as gifted, accelerated in at least one subject (mathematics), and living in Korea or the United States. Comparisons were conducted for country of origin and gender for all subscales on the School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised (McCoach & Siegle, 2004). Of the 507 participants (278 Korean and 229 American), girls scored higher on the motivation/self-regulation scale than boys and American students scored higher than Korean students on attitudes toward school, academic self perceptions, goal orientation, and motivation. There were no differences by country or gender on attitudes toward teachers.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2012

The Taeanhaean National Park is located on the middle of the west coast of Korean peninsula. Due to the relatively high wave energy, large tidal range which is about 7m, and extremely complex coastal line, various coastal land-forms such as mud-flats, sand beaches, sand dunes, sea cliffs etc. are well distributed in this area, and thus various coastal ecosystems are well preserved. However, because of reckless sand diggings and construction of artificial structures in the coastal zone, the natural flowing and exchange of coastal deposits were disturbed and the erosion in the beach and the dune has been seriously accelerated. To understand of the causes of these problems, we tried three times periodical measuring with VRS/RTK GPS instrument at the Hakampo and Anmyeon beach. According to seasonal changes of the coast-line, beach area and cross-section of study sites, generally erosion process was dominated in the summer and deposition process was followed after summer.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.43-61
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• 2018

Heterogeneous sedimentary deposits with different soil colors and various degree of hardness are exposed in its foredune and tidal zone due to the effects of recently accelerated coastal erosion along the Ujeon Coast in Jeung-do, Shinan-gun. This study was conducted on the assumption that these sedimentary deposits were developed in different timing and environments. Thus, we can infer the geomorphic development processes of the area based on evidences like the physicochemical characteristics of each sedimentary layer. Several analysis of these sedimentary depositssuch as grain size analysis, X-ray Fluorescence Measurement (XRF), and Loss on ignition (LOI) were performed on central (Ujeon A) and southern (Ujeon B) parts of the Ujeon Coast. I found that the foredune sedimentary deposits have four stages of geomorphic development processes. In the initial stage of development, during the peak of the Last Interglacial Period (MIS 5e), basal deposits were accumulated in the low-energy environment of subtidal zones. In the second stage, during the Last Glacial Period (MIS 4~MIS 2), eolian sedimentary layers were developed by terrestrial aeolian processes by which fine materials were transported from the Yellow Sea which became a dry land exposed by lowered sea level. In the third stage, various mechanism existed for the formation of each sedimentary layer. In the region of Ujeon A, sedimentary layers were developed in the littoral zone environment dominated by marine processes during the maximum phase of transgression in the Holocene. Meanwhile, the region of Ujeon B began to form eolian sedimentary layers during MIS 2. In the last stage, thick coastal dune deposits, covered all over the Ujeon Coast. During the late Holocene (0.7~0.6 ka), terrestrial processes kept dominating the region, developing typical eolian sedimentary layers.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.431-443
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to share and assess the experiences of the emergency remote teaching method adopted for the medical communication course at a medical school due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The standardized patients hired for this 'Emergency Remote Teaching (hereafter ERT)' course said that students' interactions with them were less enthusiastic and less realistic, However, in the one-on-one virtual practice, the students seemed to be more focused than in the existing face to face practice. There were no differences in the unit practice test scores between ERT and the face-to-face course while in the face-to-face final exam, the test scores of FTF students were statistically higher than those of the ERT students, which might have resulted from the different methodologies of teaching. Further research on the virtual medical communication course is necessary to prepare medical students for the adoption of the telemedicine which could be accelerated in the near future.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

Objectives : In Korean medicine, a prescription of Sinsun-yukza-hwan (Shenxian-liuzi-wan, SSY) has been used in clinic for treatment of alopecia via oral. This study was performed to determine transdermal effects of the ethanol extract from SSY on hair growth and -related gene expressions in mice. Methods : We analyzed index compound, 5-hydroxy-methyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF), in SSY extract by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 6 weeks old C57BL/6 mice with removed hair were used as an alopecia animal model. Mice were divided into 3 experimental groups including normal (3 water: 1 ethanol: 2 polyethylene glycol mixture as a vehicle), SSY extract and 5% minoxidil (as a positive control), treated groups. SSY was applied topically on the hair-shaved skin of C57BL/6 mice every day for 15 days. The color, thickness and density of hair were monitored every $5^{th}$ day by naked eye, photograph and phototrichogram using folliscope. Also hair growth-associated gene expressions were measured by immunoblotting assay. Results : Hair density of minoxidil or SSY-treated group was significantly increased compared to that of vehicle application on the $15^{th}$ day, respectively. And hair thickness of minoxidil and SSY groups was increased compared to that of vehicle treated group on the $15^{th}$ day, respectively. Induction of insulin-like-growth factor 1(IGF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were also significantly accelerated by SSY extract compared to those of vehicle-applied group. Conclusions : These results provide scientific evidence to support the potent multi-application of SSY as a cosmeceutical material for promoting hair growth.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.117-142
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• 2012

The education of children is one of the most important parts in children's literature. Children's literature, whose implied readers are both children and parents, is a good means to teach how they should behave and interact. Therefore, literary conventions of children's literature tend to be conservative with happy endings or fairy tale elements. Most of the children's literature of the 18th century were read as a conduct book which teaches children good manners and proper behavior, and at the same time served as a guidebook which tells parents how to discipline children. It emphasized the need of discipline to ascertain the hierarchy and order of the family, and cherished the close relationship between parents and children. In the 19th century, the ideal of family becomes more internalized. In the early 20th century, the ideology of family still remained, even though the world wars and economic depressions caused the cracks and collapses of the family. In the later 20th century, the disintegration of the traditional family was accelerated. The ideal of family based on the close relationship between parents and children, has had problems from the start. The attachment and over-closeness became stressful and sometimes could be poisonous. Recent children's literature shows the process of disintegration of the traditional nuclear family, children suffering in the fractured family, children's mental trauma, and nostalgia for the lost family. However, modern children's literature manages to find the lost or ideal surrogate family, and often shows fairy-tale elements such as mystical and heroic child protagonists or helpers who might solve all the difficult problems at once, despite the collapse of the family in reality.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1185-1200
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In the United States, one in every 5 children is obese with greater likelihood in low-income households. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have accelerated disparities in child obesity risk factors, such as poor dietary intake and increased sedentary behaviors, among low-income families because of financial difficulties, social isolation and other struggles. This study reveals insights into nutrition and health challenges among low-income families of young children in West Texas to better understand needs and develop interventions. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In-depth individual interviews were performed via Zoom among 11 families of children under the age of 3. A semi-structured interview guide was developed to explore 3 areas: changes in (1) dietary intake and (2) sedentary behaviors and (3) families' preferences regarding a parent nutrition education program. Each interview was audiorecorded, transcribed, and coded using MaxQDA software. RESULTS: Eating together as a family become challenging because of irregular work schedules during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most parents stated that their children's dietary habits shifted with an increased consumption of processed foods. Many parents are unable to afford healthful foods and have utilized food and nutrition assistance programs to help feed their families. All families reported that their children's screen time substantially increased compared to the pre-pandemic times. Moreover, the majority of parents did not associate child screen time with an obesity risk, so this area could be of particular interest for future interventions. Meal preparation ideas, remote modality, and early timing were identified as key intervention strategies. CONCLUSIONS: Online nutrition interventions that emphasize the guidelines for child screen time and regular meal routines will be effective and promising tools to reach low-income parents for early childhood health promotion and obesity prevention.