• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.145-154
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• 2017

Objectives: This study used data of urban and rural elderly living alone to compare the general characteristics of the elderly who have had suicidal ideation, and to investigate the suicidal ideation of urban-rural elderly with varying degrees of emotional support status, health status, and health behavior. Methods and materials: The research participants included 2,750 elderly aged 65 or above, of which 1,487 were from dong unit and 1,263 were from eup myeon units according to the raw data of 2011 Survey on Elderly Status. All collected data were analyzed using cross tabulation of SPSSWIN(ver 21.0) program and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The results were as follows. First, the factors that influenced the suicidal ideation of urban and rural elderly living alone included degree of depression, experience of abuse, and nutritional management status. Second, the suicidal ideation of urban elderly living alone was affected by the emotional support of their children who live apart and their grandchildren. Third, the suicidal ideation of rural elderly living alone was affected by the emotional support of their kin (including siblings).

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.44
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• pp.91-116
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to compare middle school students' alcohol expectancies with high school students' alcohol expectancies and to identify factors (family history of alcohol problems, television advertisements, age, gender, drinking experience, alcohol prevention education) related to their alcohol expectancies. A total of 1,164 middle school students in seven metropolitan areas in Korea participated in this study. The major finding of this study was that the respondents scored higher on negative alcohol expectancies than high school adolescents. As found in previous studies, factors related to adolescents' alcohol expectancies were also significantly related to respondents' alcohol expectancies in this study. Respondents who had family histories of alcohol problems, had drinking experiences, and were older expect drinking in a more positive manner. This study also found that alcohol advertising affected respondents' alcohol expectancies. However, this study found that current substance abuse prevention programs did not affect respondents' alcohol expectancies at all. This finding may suggest that some changes on current prevention programs should be needed in order to be more effective. Finally the result on the relationship gender and alcohol expectancies in this study was different from previous studies. Female respondents expected drinking more positively than male counterparts. This study suggests that further studies on this issue are necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.138-146
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• 1992

The study presented the experience of playtherapy of a 6-yr old girl with elective mutism and attempted to understand her psychopathology and formulated her psychodynamic which was expressed though the therapeutic process of playtherapy in the viewpoint of developmental model. Therapist's attitude was nondirective and supportive. Main theme of her play, fantasy and art was separation anxiety and abandonment fear as the result of continued psychic traumas such as separation from her grandmother and physical abuse by her father and mother etc. So she couldn't achieve developmental tasks such as autonomy and separation individuation and became generally inhibited and selectively mute. The process of play therapy was summarized and coceptualized as her successful progress through sequential developmental phases within the therapeutic relation ship. By reexperiencing this developmental process, she could accomplish her autonomy and separation individuation and developed to oedipal stage and successfully resolve oedipal conflict.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.73-91
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• 2003

This research tested the path model which examined the direct and indirect effects of family violence experience on perpetration of dating violence among college students. Two family violence variables such as witnessing parents' marital violence and being abused by parent were the exogeneous variables in the path model, while the mediated variables were consisted of (1) the social-learning-theory-derived variables such as acceptance of violence, positive outcome expectations of using violence, and aggressive conflict-coping behavior, and (2) control-theory-derived variables such as attachment, belief, and commitment. Data were from self-administered questionnaires completed by 332 male and 469 female students selected by stratified quota sampling method. The path analysis was done for males and females separately, since females reported significantly higher degree of dating violence than males. Results of the path analysis showed that first, for both males and females, being abused by parents directly and indirectly influenced dating violence, while witnessing parents' marital violence did not have effect on dating violence either directly or indirectly. Second, for male students, acceptance of violence and conflict coping behavior found to be the mediated variables in the effect of being abused by parents on dating violence. Third, for females, a control-theory-derived variable of belief as well as all three social learning theory-derived variables mediated the influence of being abused by parents on dating violence.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.75-86
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• 2019

Purpose: It is crucial that 119 emergency medical technician (EMT) have adequate knowledge regarding forensic science. This study aimed to assess the forensic knowledge of EMTs in the Republic of Korea. Methods: This study was conducted on EMTs of five fire stations in D metropolitan city between August 6 and August 13, 2018. A questionnaire consisting of items on crime-related incident recognition (i.e., mechanical asphyxiation, trauma, sex crimes, and child abuse), forensic evidence management (i.e., evidence collection, preservation, and recording) was administered to the participants. Finally, 119 questionnaires were analyzed. Results: The ratio of correct answers for crime-related incidents recognition was 55.82%, which was lower than that for forensic evidence management(84.5%). In particular, the scores for the type of neck compression(16.5%) and wound assessment(44.0%) were low. The percentage of correct answers for forensic evidence management was 78.4% for evidence collection, 84.4% for evidence preservation, and 90.6% for evidence recording. Previous forensic education experience was not a significant variable. Conclusion: Specific and practical forensic science education on perception of crime-related incident, including asphyxia and wound identification, and forensic evidence collection is needed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.273-289
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review the literature on intervention studies for abused children and adolescent in residential facilities in South Korea (ACARF-K). The goal was to understand the problems they experience, to evaluate the content and effectiveness of interventions applied to them, and to develop evidence-based nursing intervention programs. Methods: We used four electronic databases to search for relevant articles. 18 studies according to Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review method to synthesize the literature. Results: The ACARF-K experienced problems in biophysical, psychological, and sociocultural domains related to attachment impairment. Effective intervention strategies were building trust through empathy and fulfillment of needs, encouraging ACARF-K to express themselves and helping them to clarify emotions in an unthreatening environment, and improving their self-concept through activities in which they experienced achievement. Conclusion: Interventions are needed to help restore attachment damage among ACARF-K. The interventions in this study utilized emotional, cognitive, relational, and behavioral therapeutic tools to improve their psychological and social capacities. Future intervention programs for ACARF-K should include these key elements.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.163-170
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of discrimination abuser experiences and discrimination victim experiences on the human rights consciousness of children in community children, In order to understand the role of self-esteem as a mediating role between these two variables, And to find practical and policy implications. For this purpose, we selected 662 elementary school sixth graders who participated in the second panel of the community children's center, the third year (2016), as the sample and used the structural equation model validation method. As a result of this study: First, the experience of discrimination abuser against children in the community children's center has negative effects on self - esteem. Second, the self-esteem of children in the community children's center showed a statistically significant effect on human rights consciousness. Third, the experiences of child discrimination abuse and discrimination of local children's centers showed significant influence on children's consciousness of human rights through self - esteem. In conclusion, we proposed practical use measures to promote positive emotional development and human rights consciousness of children in community children's centers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.74-84
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop content for safety education to prevent hospital safety accidents among hospitalized children and to investigate the status of safety education performed by nurses. Methods: First, the Delphi method was used, with 18 experts, to develop educational contents for preventing safety accidents. Second, an exploratory survey was performed of the actual status of safety education for preventing safety accidents among hospitalized children using a questionnaire developed based on the Delphi method. The participants of this study were 159 nurses with at least 6 months of work experience. Results: The educational content developed through the Delphi method for preventing safety accidents among hospitalized children contained seven domains (falls, injury, electric shocks/burns, suffocation/aspiration, poisoning/abuse, kidnapping, medical devices) with 44 topics. The item mean of nurses'perceptions of the importance of child safety education was 4.18, and the actual performance score was 3.72, which was a statistically significant difference (t=11.58, p<.001). Conclusion: These seven comprehensive domains of accident prevention education for hospitalized children are expected to be useful for interventions to support the safety of hospitalized children.

• 한국보건간호학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.224-227
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• 2002

Alcoholism affects not only the individuals who depend on it, but also their families. Children who have an alcohol dependent parent have various problems and need help, but little attention has been given to them. Many references report only negative characteristics of these children. In order to help the children of alcohol dependent parents, health professionals need more information. A wholistic understanding and analysis of these children is needed as a basis for the development of suitable programs of help them. A phenomenological methodology was used to identify the experience of children whose fathers were addicted to alcohol. The findings portray the essence of the lived experience of children of alcohol dependent fathers. Nine adolescents participated in in-depth inverviews and observation with the researcher, done between October and December 2001. The data were recorded on audio tape and transcribed. Sampling was continued until the data were theorectically saturated. The Colaizzi's method was used for data analysis. The results of this study are as follows. Three themes and twenty six meanings were identified. The first theme is Living Alone: living abusively as partner to an alcohol dependent father, living dangerously like an explosive fury, living as an object that ha no self, living with rejection of fatherly being, living with felt responsibility but having no power to help mother who suffers patiently with pain and abuse, living along with no shoulder to lean on, and living with the prejudice of sex discrimination. The second theme is Paradoxical Coping in Life. The meanings are obsessive behavior as a way to control father's behavior, always on the defensive due to anxiety and tension, being afraid of life alone due to paranoid thoughts, contradictory expectation about father's drinking behavior due to life with chronic tension, stress becoming familiar and life being boring and tendious without stimulation, life that is fake and filled with misinterpretations about reality, affection sought from others due to loneliness, compensatory life within peer group, negative expectation about the future due to negative experiences, controling others to protect ego, denial of real emotion to protect self from hurt, life of regretting self, and strong need for approval from others. The third theme is sustaining life. The meanings are ambivalence between revenge on father and pity, struggle for desirable self against fear of gather-like image, understanding father through self reflection, hope to find fatherly being through father's recovery, being able to stand through emotional control and cognitive restructuring, nurturing the seed of hope for the future while in a situation of desperation. The contribution of this study is to give a wholistic understanding of the empirical reality of children of alcohol dependent parents and to develop substantive theory in nursing knowledge. In nursing practice, the results of this study can provide a foundation for the development of programs for children of alcohol dependent parents.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.301-327
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine the timing and the risk factors associated with the adoption of legally-free foster children. The sample of the study was drawn from foster care files of Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System(AFCARS) in 32 states between October 1998 (FY 1999) and September 2002(FY 2002). The timing post-TPR to adoption was examined by plotting the Kaplan-Meier cumulative hazard function for adoption and by plotting the KM hazard functions stratified by child's race and child's age at TPR. Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for adoption of legally-free foster children after TPR. The hazard of adoption was very low immediately after TPR but increased steadily starting at 3 months and then declined after 20 months. The cumulative hazard functions for White non-Hispanic children and Black non-Hispanic children crossed over at 13 months after TPR. Racial minority status, older age, and disability were negatively associated with the hazard of adoption. Physical abuse, sexual abuse had the lower hazard for adoption compared by neglect. Caretaker's inability to cope had the slightly lower hazard for adoption whereas inadequate housing showed the slightly greater hazard for adoption. Characteristics of foster care services turned into be powerful predictors of adoption. Specifically, legally-free children placed in pre-adoptive homes, those who shared the same racial/ethnic background with their foster caretakers, and those who were placed in two-parent families have a greater likelihood of adoption. The findings highlight the importance of foster care service provisions after TPR to facilitate adoption of legally-free foster children. Furthermore, a more substantial resources and targeted support for foster children who experience physical abuse and sexual abuse in need of adoption should be provided for moving the foster children into permanency.