• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.303-313
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• 2020

Spacious experimental and numerical investigation has been conducted by researchers to increase the ductility and energy dissipation of concentrically braced frames. One of the most widely used strategies for increasing ductility and energy dissiption, is the use of energy-absorbing systems. In this regard, the cyclic behavior of a chevron bracing frame system equipped with multi-pipe dampers (CBF-MPD) was investigated through finite element method. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and improve the behavior of the CBF using MPDs. Three-dimensional models of the chevron brace frame were developed via nonlinear finite element method using ABAQUS software. Finite element models included the chevron brace frame and the chevron brace frame equipped with multi-pipe dampers. The chevron brace frame model was selected as the base model for comparing and evaluating the effects of multi-tube dampers. Finite element models were then analyzed under cyclic loading and nonlinear static methods. Validation of the results of the finite element method was performed against the test results. In parametric studies, the influence of the diameter parameter to the thickness (D/t) ratio of the pipe dampers was investigated. The results indicated that the shear capacity of the pipe damper has a significant influence on determining the bracing behavior. Also, the results show that the corresponding displacement with the maximum force in the CBF-MPD compared to the CBF, increased by an average of 2.72 equal. Also, the proper choice for the dimensions of the pipe dampers increased the ductility and energy absorption of the chevron brace frame.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2014

$Cu(In,Ga)Se_2$ (CIGS) thin films have been used as a light absorbing layer in high-efficiency solar cells. In order to improve the quality of the CIGS thin film, often selenization step is applied. Especially when the thin film was formed by non-vacuum powder process, selenization can help to induce grain growth of powder and densification of the thin film. However, selenization is not trivial. It requires either the use of toxic gas, $H_2Se$, or expensive equipment which raises the overall manufacturing cost. Herein, we would like to deliver a new, simple method for selenization. In this method, instead of using a costly two-zone furnace, use of a regular tube furnace is required and selenium is supplied by a mixture of selenium and ceramic powder such as alumina. By adjusting the ratio of selenium vs. alumina powder, selenium vaporization can be carefully controlled. Under the optimized condition, steady supply of selenium vapor was possible which was evidently shown by large grain growth of CIGS within a thin powder layer.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.800-809
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• 2011

The reaction characteristics of an integrated reactor with steam reformer and catalytic combustor using anode offgas for high temperature fuel cells such as MCFC and SOFC have been experimentally investigated in the present study. The coupled reactor had a coaxial cylindrical shape, and the inner and the outer tube was packed with combustion catalysts and reforming catalysts, respectively. Thus, the endothermic steam reforming could proceed by absorbing heat from catalytic combustion of anode offgas. Results show that increasing inlet temperature and decreasing excess air ratio increased the reformer temperature, which led to the increase in $H_2$ yield. The reforming performance for SOFC conditions was better than that for MCFC conditions since the composition of flammable components became smaller for MCFC cases. Measured reformate composition under various test conditions correlated well with thermal equilibrium composition.

• Composites Research
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 카본 블랙, 탄소나노섬유, 탄소나노튜브를 혼합한 유리섬유/에폭시 복합재료 적층판의 복소 유전율과 그 특성이 전자파 흡수체 설계에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 실험은 벡터회로망분석기와 7 mm 동축관을 이용하여 0.5 GHz$\sim$18 GHz의 주파수 영역에서 수행하였다. 실험결과는 복합재료의 복소 유전율이 첨가된 탄소나노소재의 함유율과 그 특성에 강하게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 복소 유전율의 실수부와 허수부는 탄소나노소재의 함유량에 따라 증가하지만, 탄소나노소재의 형태에 따라서 그 증가율이 모두 다르게 나타났다. 이러한 상이한 증가율은 단층형 흡수체의 설계에 있어서 두께에 영향을 준다. 이러한 영향은 단층형 흡수체를 설계하기 위한 복소 유전율의 해와 실험으로부터 얻은 세가지 종류의 복합재료의 복소 유전율을 함께 배치한 Cole-Cole 선도를 이용하여 평가되었다. 설계결과를 바탕으로 각각의 탄소나노소재를 이용하여 -10 dB의 흡수대역이 모두 3 GHz이면서 두께가 서로 다른 흡수체를 개발하였다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.18-30
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• 2012

Zr은 고온에서의 높은 치수안정성, 내식성은 물론 낮은 중성자 흡수단면적을 지녀 원자력산업용 소재 중 1차 방사능 차폐재인 핵연료 피복관으로 사용되며 현재까지 다른 소재로 대체 불가능하다. 하지만 Hf을 정제한 Zr sponge 제조기술은 미국, 프랑스, 러시아만 가지고 있어 원자력의존도가 높은 한국에서는 국가전략물자로 분류 철저히 관리되고 있다. 국내 유통되는 Zr의 대부분은 원자력산업에 사용되어 지며 유통구조는 정제된 Zr합금을 국외로부터 수입하여 tube로 가공 후 핵연료집합체로 제조되고, 그 외 소량이 합금첨가원소 및 폭약재 등 고부가가치 일반산업에 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 Zr 제조기술에 대한 현재산업현황 및 정련기술을 살펴보고, 최근 연구되고 있는 Electrolytic reduction process와 Molten oxide electrolysis와 같은 신 제련기술에 대한 소개 및 Zr recycling의 전반적인 기술소개도 포함하였다.