• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.755-763
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 강섬유보강 콘크리트와 L형강을 사용한 합성 복근보의 구조성능을 평가하고자 실험 연구를 수행하였다. 총 6개의 강섬유보강 합성 복근보 실험체를 제작하였으며, 모든 실험체는 혼입률 1%의 강섬유 보강이 이루어졌다. 실험체의 주요 변수는 전단보강상세와 전단경간비이며, 실험에서 구한 강도특성을 대상으로 설계강도 산정식의 적용성을 분석하였다. 또한 실험체의 강성, 연성능력 및 에너지소산능력 등의 구조성능을 평가하였다. 그 결과에 의하면 합성보의 휨 및 전단강도 산정식은 양호한 수준으로 실험체의 강도특성을 예측할 수 있었다. 한편 실험체에 적용한 전단보강상세에 따라 최대강도, 연성능력, 에너지흡수능력이 다르게 나타나고 있으며, 트러스 형태의 대각부재에 의한 전단보강상세가 가장 우수한 구조성능을 보여 주었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.1383-1389
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• 2011

본 연구는 태양열 발전에 사용하는 공기식 다채널 체적식 흡수기의 일관성 있는 열전달 해석에 초점을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 흡수 소재 물성과 채널 형상 변화의 영향을 몬테카를로 광선추적법에 기반한 광학 모델과 전도, 대류, 복사를 고려한 1 차원 열전달 모델에 동시에 반영하였다. 광학 모델 결과는 채널 반경 대비 길이의 형상비가 매우 커서 대부분의 태양 에너지는 15 mm 이내의 짧은 길이에서 흡수됨을 증명하고 있다. 복사 열손실 분류를 통해 채널의 낮은 흡수율에서는 방사 손실은 줄지만 반사손실이 증가하여 흡수기 효율이 감소하는 것을 보였다. 큰 채널 반경이나 작은 질량 유량으로 인해 흡수기 평균 온도가 상승할 때, 방사 손실과 반사 손실 모두 증가하지만 방사 손실의 영향이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the upper body in order to increase a propulsive force in the old's walking. The subjects were each 10 males, the latter term of the aged and former term of the aged. There were three walking speeds of slow(about 5km/h), medium(about 6km/h), and maximum speed(about 7km/h). The subjects walking 11m were filmed the 5m section (from 3m to 8m) by 2-video cameras using three dimensional cinematography. And we computed different mechanical quantities and especially computed the relative momentum in order to achieve this study's aim. In this study, we was able to acquire some knowledge. The step length and step frequency increased in proportion to the walking speed, and the faster walking speed, the shorter ratio of supporting time( both legs supporting time/one step length time). When it was one leg support phase, the torso was indicated to generate the momentum in order to produce the propulsive force of walking. The upper and lower body had a cooperative relation for walking such as keeping step rate with the arms to legs and maintaining the body balance. The opposition phase for upward-and-downward direction of the torso and arms in walking was functioned to prevent the increase rapidly toward vertical direction of the center of gravity. The arms had contributed to coordinate the tempo of legs and the posture maintenance of the upper body. And by absorbing the relative momentum from the upper torso with arms to the lower torso, it had the rhythmical movement on upward-and-downward direction reducing the vertical reaction force. On account of the relations of absorption and generation of the propulsive force and the production of vertical impulse in the lower torso when walking by maximum speed, it was showed that the function of lower torso was come up as important problem for the mechanical posture stability and propulsive force coordination.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.303-313
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• 2020

Spacious experimental and numerical investigation has been conducted by researchers to increase the ductility and energy dissipation of concentrically braced frames. One of the most widely used strategies for increasing ductility and energy dissiption, is the use of energy-absorbing systems. In this regard, the cyclic behavior of a chevron bracing frame system equipped with multi-pipe dampers (CBF-MPD) was investigated through finite element method. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and improve the behavior of the CBF using MPDs. Three-dimensional models of the chevron brace frame were developed via nonlinear finite element method using ABAQUS software. Finite element models included the chevron brace frame and the chevron brace frame equipped with multi-pipe dampers. The chevron brace frame model was selected as the base model for comparing and evaluating the effects of multi-tube dampers. Finite element models were then analyzed under cyclic loading and nonlinear static methods. Validation of the results of the finite element method was performed against the test results. In parametric studies, the influence of the diameter parameter to the thickness (D/t) ratio of the pipe dampers was investigated. The results indicated that the shear capacity of the pipe damper has a significant influence on determining the bracing behavior. Also, the results show that the corresponding displacement with the maximum force in the CBF-MPD compared to the CBF, increased by an average of 2.72 equal. Also, the proper choice for the dimensions of the pipe dampers increased the ductility and energy absorption of the chevron brace frame.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.638-642
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• 2013

Chalcopyrite $CuInSe_2$(CIS) is considered to be an effective light-absorbing material for thin film photovoltaic solar cells. CIS thin films have been electrodeposited onto Mo coated and ITO glass substrates in potentiostatic mode at room temperature. The deposition mechanism of CIS thin films has been studied using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. A cyclic voltammetric study was performed in unitary Cu, In, and Se systems, binary Cu-Se and In-Se systems, and a ternary Cu-In-Se system. The reduction peaks of the ITO substrate were examined in separate $Cu^{2+}$, $In^{3+}$, and $Se^{4+}$ solutions. Electrodeposition experiments were conducted with varying deposition potentials and electrolyte bath conditions. The morphological and compositional properties of the CIS thin films were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The surface morphology of as-deposited CIS films exhibits spherical and large-sized clusters. The deposition potential has a significant effect on the film morphology and/or grain size, such that the structure tended to grow according to the increase of the deposition potential. A CIS layer deposited at -0.6 V nearly approached the stoichiometric ratio of $CuIn_{0.8}Se_{1.8}$. The growth potential plays an important role in controlling the stoichiometry of CIS films.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2014

$Cu(In,Ga)Se_2$ (CIGS) thin films have been used as a light absorbing layer in high-efficiency solar cells. In order to improve the quality of the CIGS thin film, often selenization step is applied. Especially when the thin film was formed by non-vacuum powder process, selenization can help to induce grain growth of powder and densification of the thin film. However, selenization is not trivial. It requires either the use of toxic gas, $H_2Se$, or expensive equipment which raises the overall manufacturing cost. Herein, we would like to deliver a new, simple method for selenization. In this method, instead of using a costly two-zone furnace, use of a regular tube furnace is required and selenium is supplied by a mixture of selenium and ceramic powder such as alumina. By adjusting the ratio of selenium vs. alumina powder, selenium vaporization can be carefully controlled. Under the optimized condition, steady supply of selenium vapor was possible which was evidently shown by large grain growth of CIGS within a thin powder layer.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.800-809
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• 2011

The reaction characteristics of an integrated reactor with steam reformer and catalytic combustor using anode offgas for high temperature fuel cells such as MCFC and SOFC have been experimentally investigated in the present study. The coupled reactor had a coaxial cylindrical shape, and the inner and the outer tube was packed with combustion catalysts and reforming catalysts, respectively. Thus, the endothermic steam reforming could proceed by absorbing heat from catalytic combustion of anode offgas. Results show that increasing inlet temperature and decreasing excess air ratio increased the reformer temperature, which led to the increase in $H_2$ yield. The reforming performance for SOFC conditions was better than that for MCFC conditions since the composition of flammable components became smaller for MCFC cases. Measured reformate composition under various test conditions correlated well with thermal equilibrium composition.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.27-63
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• 1998

This paper focuses on the history of fisheries finance in Korea, especially the role of fisheries finance after the establishments of korean fisheries cooperative. We can say that our fisheries was influenced greatly by the fisheries finance. It may be preyed by the facts that our fisheries experienced a great growth right after the input of big fisheries finance. The products of fisheries has increased from 1962 to now And the structure of the fisheries has improved. But there were unequal development in the each sectors of fisheries. Though the deep sea fishery and farming has developed faster, coastal fishing that are absorbing nearly 90% of fisheries population has stagnated. Of course it was because of unequal financial assistance by Authority. So to improve fisheries evenly, it is very important to overcome various problems that have encountered including the new circumstances like the WTO. For this, lots of steps should be taken. They can be summarized as follows. 1) It may be inevitable to see a rising costs in the deep sea fishery because of the declaration of EEZ by almost every nation. 2) So coastal fishing should be getting more important. It is necessary to improve the structure of coastal fishing and we should be ready to prepare various alternatives far self-sustained growth in coastal fishing. 3) Especially fisheries finance should play more active role. 4) Self-sustainable growth means a fishery with full compatability. For full compatability it is necessary to give financial supports far making fishing ground and equipping anti-pollution system and labour saving apparatus etc. 5) Also to raise the ratio of self-support in fisheries products it is necessary to give financial support to traditional financial system. 6) Moreover it is necessary to guide utilization of finance supplied. For this the committee that is consists of professional people in that field is strongly asked. This committee should be entitled to decide and coordinate the selection of projects, allocation of finance, method of utilization and evaluation of projects etc.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2008

지반 및 원형기초의 물성이 그 기초의 수직 동적거동에 미치는 영향이 해석적 해와 수치해석을 통해 연구되었다. 해석적 해로는 반무한체 지반 위 원형기초의 거동을 나타내는 간략 해가, 수치해석방법으로는 선대칭 유한요소법이 consistent transmitting 경계조건과 함께 사용되었다. 균일한 지반의 물성으로서의 전단파속도는 원형기초 동적거동의 공명진동수에 영향을 주었으나 공명진동시의 최대반응값에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 같은 경우에 지반의 밀도는 공명진동수와 최대반응값에 모두 영향을 주었다. 균일한 지반 위 원형기초의 크기와 질량도 원형기초 동적거동의 공명진동수와 최대반응값 모두에 영향을 주었으나 균일 지반의 포아송비는 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 지반이 균일하지 않고 층이 존재할 경우에 각 층의 물성으로의 전단파속도들의 상관관계는 원형기초의 최대반응값에 영향을 주었다.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2003년도 제120회 추계학술대회 제 5차 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회
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• pp.545-545
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• 2003

Chitosan is applied as a dressing for oral mucous wound and a tampon following radical treatment of maxillary sinus. Furthermore, it is being investigated as an absorbing membrane for endodontic and periodontic surgeries. A few studies have reported osteoconduction and osteogenesia at the site of chitosan implant in vivo. However, compared with soft tissue healing processes, the mechanisms concerning effects of chitosan for biological mineralization have not yet been resoil In the present study, we studied the gene expression pattern using cDNA microarray and RT-PCR analyses in hard tissue forming osteoblasts cultured with water-soluble and low molecular weight chitooligosaccharide. cDNA microarray analysis revealed that 16 genes were expressed at 〉1.5-fold higher signal ratio levels in the experimental group compared with the control group after 3 days. RT-PCR analysis showed that chitosan oligomer induced an increase in the expression of two genes, CD56 antigen and tissue-type plasminogen activator. Furthermore, the expression of mRNAs for BMP-2 was almost identical in the experimental and control groups after 3 days of culture, but slightly increased after 7 days of culture with chitosan oligomer. These results suggest that a super-low concentration of chitooligosaccharide could modulate the activity of osteoblastic cells through mRNA levels and that the genes concerning cell proliferation and differentiation can be controlled by water-soluble chitosan.