• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제71권1호
• /
• pp.74-81
• /
• 1985

강원도산(江原道産) 소나무천연림(天然林)의 생산성(生産性)을 파악(把握)하기 위하여 10본(本)의 표본목(標本木)을 벌도(伐倒)하고 각(各) 부위별(部位別) 및 총(總) biomass와 biomass 추정방정식(推定方程式) 모형으로는 $Wt=aD^bH^c$가 가장 적합(適合)하였다. 2) 임분(林分) biomass 추정량(推定量)은 지상부(地上部) 총량(總量)이 198.82 t/ha였으며 부위별(部位別)로는 수간목부(樹幹木部)가 136.82 t/ha, 생지부(生枝部)가 32.81 t/ha, 수피부(樹皮部)가 10.72 t/ha 엽량(葉量)이 9.07 t/ha 죽은가지가 7.30 t/ha 였다. 3) 순생산량(純生産量)은 지상부총량(地上部總量)이 15.87 t/ha/yr였으며 부위별(部位別)로는 수간목부(樹幹木部)가 7.04 t/ha/yr., 생지부(生枝部)가 4.91 t/ha/yr., 엽량(葉量)이 2.21 t/ha/yr., 소지(小枝)가 1.13 t/ha/yr., 수피(樹皮)가 0.52 t/ha/yr 였다. 4) Leaf efficiency는 1.876으로서 연간지상부(年間地上部) 총생산량(總生産量) 15.87 t/ha/yr와 비교적 잘 연관되어 있다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.703-709
• /
• 2013

최근 지상역 승강장에서 승객의 안전 확보, 지상역 조건과 열차 차종 자동 인식에 따른 상하 개폐 기능이 탑재된 Rope 스크린도어의 실용화 기술에 대한 연구개발이 수행되고 있다. 이러한 RPSD의 인간중심 설계를 위해서는 시스템의 기술구현도 중요하지만, 앞으로 이용할 대상자의 감성, 감각이나 사고방식을 과학적으로 측정하고 조사할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 광주 도시철도 녹동역에 시범 설치된 RPSD에 대하여 이 시스템을 설계하는데 있어서 고려할 휴먼펙터를 분석하였다. 그리고 평상시 RPSD가 내려진 상태, 철도진입시 올라간 작동원리를 보고 안전(불안)한지, 높낮이가 안정적인가, 개방감(압박감)이 있는지, 견고한지 등 전체적으로 어떤 인상을 받았는지 등에 관한 감성평가를 실시하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.363-367
• /
• 2004

Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) beneath the forest canopy, understory species richness and diversity, and biomass were measured in a Larix leptolepis plantation seven years after thinning in Yangpyeong. Four different thinning intensities (control, $10\%,\;20\%\;and\;40\%$ stocking reduction) were applied in 1997. The current PAR values were lower than those measured four years after thinning, and PAR at the heavy thinning plots was significantly higher than that of other thinning intensities. A total of 23 species including 9 tall-trees and 14 shrubs were found for the high layer while a total of 82 species including 10 tall-trees, 29 shrubs, and 43 herbs for the low layer. Species richness and diversity generally increased with thinning intensities, and the trends were more evident for the low layer. Aboveground biomass significantly differed among thinning intensities for both shrubs and herbs. Also there was a negative correlation between biomass and the current number of stems per hectare. The current study suggested that the effects of thinning on light conditions at the forest floor, species richness and diversity and production of understory vegetation continued seven years after the treatment.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.161-170
• /
• 2007

The ultimate target of restoring waste landfills is revegetation. The most effective method for increasing species richness and biomass in nutrient limited waste landfills is the use of fertilizers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer, and the addition of carbon through sawdust, sucrose and litter, on vegetation dynamics at a representative municipal waste landfill in South Korea: Kyongseodong. A total of 288 permanent plots $(0.25m^2)$ were established and treated with nitrogen fertilizer (5, 10 and $20Ng/m^2$), sawdust $(289g/m^2)$ sucrose $(222g/m^2)$ and litter $(222g/m^2)$. The aboveground biomass was significantly enhanced by nitrogen fertilizer at 5 and $10Ng/m^2$, compared with the control plots. The total cover of all plant species increased significantly on plots treated with 5 and $20Ng/m^2$, as well as on those treated with sawdust and sucrose, compared with the control plots. The higher species richness after nitrogen fertilization of 10 to $20Ng/m^2$, and the sawdust and sucrose treatment demonstrated that this was an appropriate restoration option for nutrient deficient waste landfills. This study demonstrated positive nutrient impacts on plant biomass and species richness, despite the fact that municipal waste landfills are ecosystems that are highly disturbed by anthropogenic and internal factors (landfill gas and leachate). Adequate N and C combined treatments will accelerate species succession (higher species richness and perennial increase) for restoration of waste landfills.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.92-95
• /
• 1988

핵분열(核分烈) 생성물중(生成物中)에서도 농업환경(農業環境)의 주요(主要) 오염원중(汚染源中)의 하나인 $Sr^{90}$의 수도(水稻) 생육시기(生育時期)에 따른 흡수양상(吸收樣相)과 수도체내(水稻體內) 분포상황을 조사하고자 몇가지 답토양(畓土壤)으로 pot 시험을 수행하였다. 전(全) 수도체중(水稻體中)의 $Sr^{90}$흡수량(吸收量)은 생육초기부터 일정하게 증가하였으나 수도(水稻)의 건물중(g)당 $Sr^{90}$함량은 이앙(移秧)후 90일까지는 생육(生育)이 경과함에 따라 오히려 감소하였으며 이후 등숙기에 다소 증가하였다. Ca과 $Sr^{90}$의 수도체내(水稻體內) 함량은 모두 종실(種實)에 비하여 잎과 줄기에서 높았으며 생육에 따라 Ca은 줄기에서는 감소하고, 종실(種實)에서는 증가하였으나 $Sr^{90}$은 잎에서는 증가(增加)하고 줄기와 종실(種實)에서는 감소하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.234-242
• /
• 2011

BACKGROUND: Cultivation of winter cover crops is strongly recommended to increase land utilization efficiency, animal feeding material self-production, and to improve soil and environmental quality. METHODS AND RESULTS: Four major winter crops (barley, Chinese milk vetch, hairy vetch, and rye) having different C/N ratio were seeded in silt loam paddy soil in the November 2007 and the aboveground biomass was harvested on the late May 2008 to evaluate its effectiveness as green manure, and root biomass distribution was characterized at the different depth (0-60 cm) to study its effect on physical properties and carbon sequestration in soil. During this experiment, the naturally growing weed in the rice paddy soil in Korea, short awn foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis Sobol), was considered as control treatment. Above-ground biomass of all cover crops selected was significantly higher than that of the control treatment (2.8 Mg/ha). Comparatively higher above-ground biomass productivity of rye and barley (15.8 and 13.5 Mg/ha, respectively) suggested that these cover crops possibly had the highest potential as a green manure and animal feeding material. Root biomass production of different cover crops followed the same trend as that for their above ground biomass. Rye (Secale cereal) might have the highest potential for soil C accumulation (7893 C kg/ha) by root biomass development, and then followed by barley (6985 C kg/ha), hairy vetch (6467 C kg/ha), Chinese milk vetch (6671 C kg/ha), and control (5791 C kg/ha). CONCLUSION(s): Cover crops like rye and barley having high biomass productivity might be the most effective winter cover crops to increase organic carbon distribution in different soil aggregates which might be beneficial to improve soil structure, aeration etc. and C sequestration.

• 농업생명과학연구
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 전북 무주지역 36년생 리기다소나무 임분을 대상으로 지상부 바이오매스 추정식을 개발하고, 줄기밀도와 바이오매스 확장계수를 산출하고자 하였다. 리기다소나무의 흉고직경을 독립변수로 하고 바이오매스를 종속변수로 하는 상대생장식을 추정한 결과, 잎 (78%)과 가지 (83%)를 제외하면 모든 부위에서 결정계수가 95% 이상의 높은 설명력을 나타냈다. 리기다소나무의 바이오매스량은 줄기 목질부 $65.9 Mg\;ha^{-1}$, 줄기 수피 $9.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$, 가지 $19.6Mg\;ha^{-1}$, 잎 $7.0Mg\;ha^{-1}$, 전체 $102Mg\;ha^{-1}$로 나타났으며, 바이오매스 구성비는 줄기목질부 (64.6%) > 가지 (19.2%) > 줄기 수피 (9.3%) > 잎 (6.9%) 순으로 나타났다. 리기다소나무의 줄기밀도 $(g/cm^{3})$는 0.453으로 나타났고, 바이오매스 확장계수는 1.344로 나타났다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.193-205
• /
• 2021

The importance of forests and trees in climate change mitigation and soil nutrient cycling cannot be overemphasized. This study assessed the above-ground carbon stock of two exotic and two indigenous tree species - Gmelina arborea, Tectona grandis, Khaya grandifoliola and Nauclea diderrichii and their litter impact on soil nutrient content of an arboretum within the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Data were collected from equal sample plots from the four species' compartments. Tree growth variables including total height, diameter at breast height, crown height, crown diameter and merchantable height were measured for the estimation of above-ground carbon stock. Soil samples were collected from a depth of 0-30 cm from each compartment and analyzed for particle size distribution, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases, exchangeable acidity, cation exchange capacity, base saturation, pH, Manganese, Iron, Copper and Zinc. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test for significant difference (p<0.05) in the carbon contents of the four species and the soil nutrient contents of the different species' compartments. Pearson correlation was used to assess the relationships between the carbon contents, growth parameters and soil parameters. The highest and lowest carbon stock per hectare was observed for G. arborea (151.52 t.ha^-1) and K. grandifoliola (45.45 t.ha^-1) respectively. Cation exchange capacity and base saturation were highest and lowest for soil under G. arborea and K. grandifoliola respectively. The pH was highest and lowest for soil under G. arborea and T. grandis respectively. Carbon stock correlated positively with dbh, crown diameter, merchantable height and Zn and negatively with base saturation. The study revealed that G. arborea and N. diderrichii can effectively be used for reforestation and afforestation programmes aimed at climate change mitigation across Nigeria. Therefore, policies to encourage and enhance their planting should be encouraged.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.163-172
• /
• 2019

Ixeris dentata is a perennial plant belongs to Compositae family and it has been considered as a potential therapeutic agent in many biological activities like detoxification, elimination of blood stasis, anti-inflammatory, and analgesia. The I. dentata used in this experiment was collected in four areas of Yangpyeong, Dangjin, Chuncheon and Goesan, then transplanted to the farm of Department of Herbal Crop Research in National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science. The growth characteristics of I. dentata were investigated after harvesting. The aboveground biomass of plants collected from Chuncheon area was exhibited best, and the biomass of root in YangPyeong was showed best as 3.65 g/plant in dry weight. Based on the HPLC analysis, the leaf of I. dentata collected from Dangjin area was highest in carotenoids contents ($1,213{\mu}g/g$ dry weight), and the leaf of Chuncheon area was exhibited maximal phenolic compounds ($1,918{\mu}g/g$ dry weight). The results of this study could provide fundamental formation for selection of standard varieties of I. dentata and development of functional material by analysis of the growth characteristics and the contents of carotenoids and phenolic compounds.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.163-173
• /
• 2018

Background: Deforestation and degradation are currently affecting the ecosystem services of forests. Among the ecosystem services affected by deforestation and degradation are the amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stored in forest soils which have greater impacts in global climate change. This study aimed at examining the amount of SOC and TN in the forest fragments which were separated from the continuous tracts of forests of Jibat and Chillimo through fragmentation processes over four decades. Methods: We have sampled soils from 15 forest fragments of Chillimo and Jibat in the central highlands of Ethiopia. The soil samples obtained in two separate soil depths (0-30 and 30-60 cm) were bulked, dried, and sieved for analysis. Results: Our results have shown that the two sites (Jibat and Chillimo forest fragments) differed in their SOC and TN contents. While the values for Jibat were found to be 29.89 Mg/ha of SOC and 2.84 Mg/ha for TN, it was 14. 06 Mg/ha of SOC and 1.40 Mg/ha for TN for Chillimo. When all forest fragment soil samples were bulked together, Jibat site had twice the value of SOC and TN than Chillimo. When disaggregated on the basis of each fragments, there existed differences in SOC (1.86 Mg/ha and 42.15 Mg/ha) and TN (0.24 Mg/ha and 4.23 Mg/ha) values. Among the forest fragments, fragment four ($F_4$) had the highest Relative Soil Improvement Index (RSII) value of 3826.82% and fragment fifteen ($F_{15}$) had the lowest RSII value (726.87%) which indicated that the former had a better quality of soil properties than the latter. Conclusion: SOC and TN differed across sampled fragments and sites. Variations in soil properties are the reflections of inherent soil parent material, aboveground vegetation, human interferences, and other physical factors. Such differences could be very important for identifying intervention measures for restoration and enhancing ecosystem services of those fragments.