• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권10호
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• pp.954-958
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• 2007

목 적 : 본원에서 출생한 미숙아들을 대상으로 하여 이들 미숙아들 중에서 부당 경량아 출생과 관련이 있는 요인들에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 2000년 1월부터 2006년 8월까지 출생한 재태 연령 26주 이상 35주 이하의 미숙아 1,010명을 대상으로 하였으며 이들과 이들의 모체의 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하여 재태 연령, 출생 체중, 성별, 출생 순위, 산모의 나이 및 이전 유산 횟수 등에 관한 자료들을 수집하였고 부당 경량아 출생과 관련이 있는 요인들을 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 본 연구에서 미숙아들 중에서 여아에서 남아보다 부당 경량아 출생이 더 많은 것으로 나타났으며(P=0.042) 또한 산모의 나이가 20세 미만이거나 35세 이상인 경우에 부당 경량아 출생이 더 많은 것으로 나타났다(P=0.041). 미숙아의 출생 순위나 산모의 이전 유산 경력은 부당 경량아 출생과 통계학적인 관련성이 없는 것으로 나타났다(P=0.228, P=0.129). 결 론 : 출생 체중과 미숙아의 생존율과의 관련성을 생각해 보면 산모의 나이가 미숙아의 생존율과 관련이 있는 것으로 생각된다. 10대 임신을 줄이고 산모가 고령이 되기 전에 출산을 할 수 있도록 여러 사회적, 정책적인 뒷받침이 이루어진다면 미숙아들의 생존율을 높이고 더 나아가 건강한 정상 신생아 분만에도 큰 도움이 되리라 생각된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2012

This study was performed to evaluate the rate of twin pregnancy and parturition in dairy cows. Calving records of Holstein dairy cows from 1998 to 2009 comprising Goyang and Paju cities herd with 20,990 calving events representing 820 twin births were used to evaluate twinning rate, calf sex ratio, periods of pregnancy and complication after parturition in single and twin births. Overall, the reported twinning rate was 3.9% in Holstein dairy cows. Rate of bicornual pregnancy (75%) was larger than that of unicornual pregnancy (25%) among cows having twin. Regardless of parity, the greatest twinning rate was observed in fall season from September to November. Calf sex ratios (male, M; female, F) were 48.0% FM, 28.9% MM, 21.5% FF and 0.9% mummifications for twin calves. Parturition type among cows having twins included normal (4.7%), premature (66.9%), delayed (9.2%), abortion (18.4%) and mummification (0.8%). The period of pregnancy in twin pregnancy (mean 272.6 days) was shorter than single pregnancy (mean 278.1 days). The retained placenta after parturition was over fourth times such as twin parturition (34.8%) higher than single parturition (8.5%) and the abomasal displacement was over two times such as twin parturition (10.2%) higher than single parturition (4.9%). The distribution of twin pregnancy with parities was high rate during the 2~3 parities. The prevalence of complication such as retained placenta and abomasal displacement with twin parturition revealed higher than single parturition.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2000

Objectives: The purpose of this research is to identify and understand sexuality in 10th grade co-ed students in Seoul, Korea in order to construct practical curriculum for sex education for youth. Method: One-hour class per week was done to the 3 classes among 6 classes for Spring semester in 1999: small group discussion(for 3 classes) & questionnaires(6 classes) were taken. Results: Despite the increased number of sex education programs, peers apparently remain the major source of information and the counselor of their sexual problems. The rate of correct answer of the sex knowledge is still low, especially on biological aspects of opposite sex. Western culture and women's movements have changed our society. In turn, sexual sterotypes and roles have been changing. Small group discussions were taken after the classes of pregnancy, abortion and unmarried parents. Their opinions on maintaining virginity were collected. The condition of choosing spouse and boy/girl friend is quite different in many aspects.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.129-132
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• 2013

In this study a disperse dye immunoassay method was standardized and evaluated for detection of antibodies against Neospora caninum in cattle. Sera from 150 cattle with a recent history of abortion were collected and tested by commercial ELISA kit and a standardized in-house dye immunoassay system. The positivity rate for the sera used in this study was 34.6% for the disperse dye immunoassay (DDIA) compared to 32% obtained by ELISA kit. This study showed no significant difference between DDIA and ELISA. The results indicated that the DDIA provide an economic, simple, rapid and robust test for detection of N. caninum infection in cattle.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2017

Objectives: This study is to report the effects of acupuncture, moxibustion and herbal medicine on infertility. Methods: From February 2015 to December 2016, 44 women with infertility were treated with acupuncture, moxibustion and herbal medicine. 6 months later, follow up and analysis were performed. Results: Of the total 44 women, 19 were successful in pregnancy. Of the 30 women who were contacted by follow-up after 6 months, 19 (63.3%) were successful in pregnancy. 6 of the 8 women who had abortion experience and 5 of the 6 women without the symptoms were pregnant. And 2 with dysmenorrhea, women with follicular development failure, hydrosalpinx, ectopic pregnancy, anovulatory infertility patients, polycystic ovary syndrome were all successfully pregnant. Conclusions: This study suggests that acupuncture, moxibustion and herbal medicine are useful and shows possibility to increasing pregnancy rates.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.215-220
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• 1994

We have reviewed the pregnancy rate and outcome of 130 patients who underwent tubocornual anstomosis for correction of proximal tutal occlusion at Dong San Medical Center between September 1983 to May 1994. Tubal occlusion was the result of previous tubal sterilization in 115 patients(99 laparoscopic electrocautery, 16 laparoscopic ring, 1 tubal ligation with partially segmental resection and previous tubal infection in 14. Sixty four of the patients conceived(61.5%). Viable pregnancy was achieved in fifty patients (48%), tubal pregnancy in six (5.7%) and spontaneous abortion in eight(6.1%). No significant difference in pregnancy rates was found between patients with diseased cornua and those previously sterilized by either electrocautery or tubal ligation. We conclude that tubocornual anastomosis still remains the treatment of choice for patients with proximal tubal obstruction.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 1993

Since the successful advent of IVF-ET, reproductive surgeons have been forced to compare pregnancy outcomes of surgical procedures for tubal infertility with those of IVF-ET. The current study was designed in an effort to determine the usefulness of pre-operative infertility work-up, especially diagnostic laparoscopy, in predicting the pregnancy rate and in assessing the reversal feasibility. 109 patients who underwent a microsurgical tubal reversal were reviewed. The patients were followed over one year. The total intrauterine pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, and ectopic pregnancy rates were 66.4%, 3.7%, and 7.3%, respectively. The result showed that the use of loupe might increase the chance of the ectopic pregnancy. I found that the final tubal length, especially the longest tubal length, the site of reanastomosis, and the methods of sterilization affected the pregnancy rates. A 85% intrauterine pregnancy rate was achieved in the patients with good preoperative assessments(Group II-1). There was only 10% incidence of intrauterine pregnancy in the patients with bad assessments(Group II-2). It is concluded that the pre-operative infertility work-up, especially diagnostic laparoscopy, is a good diagnostic tool in assessing the reversal feasibility.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2017

Objective: We studied the association between sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and several clinical in vitro fertilization outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 169 consecutive fresh IVF cycles. Semen was collected on the day of oocyte retrieval, and we assessed standard semen parameters and the SDF level (by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling). Poor ovarian response (POR) was defined as the collection of three or fewer mature oocytes. Oocytes were inseminated by the conventional method or intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Results: SDF did not affect the fertilization or pregnancy rate, but did have a significant effect on the miscarriage rate. In the miscarriage group (n = 10), the SDF level was significantly higher (23.9% vs. 14.1%) and number of mature oocytes was significantly lower (4.3 vs. 7.6) than in the live birth group (n = 45). Multiple regression analysis showed that SDF was an independent predictor of miscarriage (odds ratio, 1.051; 95% confidence interval, 1.001-1.104). The cutoffs for the SDF level and number of mature oocytes that could predict miscarriage were > 13% and ${\leq}3$, respectively. In the low-SDF group (${\leq}13%$), the miscarriage rate was similar in POR patients and those with a normal ovarian response (NOR; 14.2% vs. 4.3%). In the high-SDF group ( > 13%), the miscarriage rate was significantly higher in the POR group than in the NOR group (60.0% vs. 13.3%, p= 0.045). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that a high SDF level ( > 13%) was associated with a high miscarriage rate, and that it mainly contributed to miscarriage in the POR group. The results suggest that SDF measurements should be considered in couples with POR in order to predict the prognosis of the pregnancy.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.217-231
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• 1998

The effectiveness of intrauterine insemination (IUI) combined with controlled ovanan hyperstimulation (COH) in the treatment of infertility with various etiologies was compared in a total of 152 cycles. Patients received a maximum of three IUI cycles for the treatment. Severe male ($<2\times10^6$ motile sperm) or age factor (> 39 y) patients were excluded in this study. Pregnancy was classified as clinical if a gestational sac was seen on ultrasound. The overall clinical pregnancy rate was 7.9% per cycle (12/152) and 9.7% per patient (12/124). The pregnancy rates were 0% in unstimulated natural (0/18), 7.5% in CC (3/40), 8.2% in CC+hMG (4/49), 5.9% in GnRH-a ultrashort (1/17), 5.9% in GnRH-a long (1/17) and 27.3% in dual suppression cycles (3/11), respectively. The pregnancy rate was higher in dual suppression cycle than other stimulated cycles, but this was not significant. The multiple pregnancy rates were 25.0% (2 twins and 1 triplet). No patient developed ovarian hyperstimulation. Abortion rates were 66.7% in CC (2/3) and 100% in ultrashort cycles (1/1). The livebirth rate was 5.9% per cycle (9/152) and 7.3% per patient (9/124). There were no differences in age, duration of infertility, follicle size, total ampules of gonadotropins and days of stimulation between pregnant and non-pregnant groups. However, significant(P<0.05) differences were observed in the level of estradiol $(E_2)$ on the day of hCG injection ($3,266.6{\pm}214.2$ vs $2,202.7{\pm}139.4$ pg/ml) and total motile sperm count ($212.1{\pm}63.4$ vs $105.1{\pm}9.9\times10^6$) between pregnant group and non-pregnant group. These results suggest that IUI combined with successful ovarian stimulation tends to improve the chance of pregnancy as compared to IUI without COH and a total motile sperm count may be considered predictive of the success for pregnancy.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 1993

Five hundred and fory-four women were provided government funded sterilization reversal services with technique of microsurgery at 15 reversal institutions designated by the Korean Association for Voluntary Sterilization since the inception of Female Reversal Program in 1981. A large majority of reasons for requesting reversal surgery was a loss of children, comprising 87.3%, and the mean interval between sterilization and reversal was 33.6 months. Two hundred and ninty-one of 418 women who were post-operatively followed up with the length of 11 months to 11 years, have experienced term dilivery or ,intra-uterine pregnancy, represented 69.6%. Eight cases have experienced ectopic pregnancy and 9 cases spontaneous abortion. The largest number of reversal clients were sterilized by the laparoscopic unipolar coagulation technique and the next largest group was sterilized by the laparoscopic banding technique, representing 59.8% and 28.9% respectively. The highest pregnancy rate, 80.9%, was shown in clients who had undergone laparoscopic banding technique while the lowest, 61.8%, was the group of laparoscopic bipolar coagulation. The most common site of the anastomosis was isthmic-ampullary portion and the next was isthmic-isthmic portion. The highest success rate, 77.8 %, was marked in the isthmic-isthmic anastomosis and the lowest was in the ampullary-ampullary anastomosis, representing 50.0%. A more than 60% of the clients became pregnant within 6 months of their reversal surgery, with the shortest interval being 1 month, the longest 39 months, and the mean 7.6 months. A large majority of the successful cases were pregnancy within 1 year of their reversal surgery, representing 82.1 %. The higher rate of pregnancy, 73.5%, was in the clients undergone reversal surgery within 36 months of their sterilization and the lower pregnancy rate, 64.1 %, was in the clients undergone reversal surgery longer than 37 months of their sterilization.