• Title/Summary/Keyword: Ability Area

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Factors of Predicting Difficulty of Mathematics Test Items in College Scholastic Ability Test (고등학교 수리영역 시험의 난이도 예측 요인 분석)

  • Ko, Ho-Kyoung;Yi, Hyun-Sook
    • Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.113-127
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    • 2007
  • This study explored the possibility of building a statistical model predicting difficulty of mathematics test items through the analysis of nation-wide scholastic ability test results for the past 5 years. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted in predicting difficulty of mathematics test items. We adopted three major areas for independent variables: the content area, the behavior area, and the test item format area, each of which was categorized into more detailed sub-areas. For the dependent variable, the proportion of correct answer was used to represent the item difficulty. Statistically significant independent variables were included in the regression model based on the stepwise selection method. Several important factors affecting difficulty of mathematics test items for each area were identified. R-squares for the final regression model were fairly high, implying that the regression equation can be used to predict difficulty of test items at an acceptable level. Lastly, the regression model was cross-validated using independently collected data. We believe that this study will provide basic but very critical information for predicting the proportion of correct answer by showing the factors that should be considered for developing mathematics test items for the college entrance examination or high school classroom test.

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Effect of Balance Ability of Knee Osteoarthritis with Lower Extremity Strengthening Exercise (퇴행성 슬관절염 환자의 하지 근력 강화운동이 균형능력에 미치는 영향)

  • Jang, Won-Sug;Bae, Sung-Soo;Jung, Yeon-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.31-39
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    • 2007
  • Purpose : The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of lower extremity strengthening on balance ability of knee osteoarthritis. Methods : The walking exercise group with modality treatment and strengthening exercise group with modality treatment. The walking exercise and strengthening for 40 minutes per day and three times a week during 6 weeks period. Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire(SFMPQ) was used to measure patient's pain level. Patient Specific Functional Scale(PSFS) was used to measure patient's functional disability level. BPM was used to measure sway area. Global Perceived Effect Scale(GPES) was used to measure recovery or worse of patient's condition. Results : 1. SFMPQ was strengthening exercise group showed significantly decreased more than walking exercise group(p<.05). 2. PSFS was strengthening exercise group showed significantly increased more than walking exercise group(p<.05). 3. Sway area was strengthening exercise group showed significantly limited area more than walking exercise group(p<.05). 4. GPES was strengthening exercise group showed significantly increased more than walking exercise group(p<.05). Conclusion : This study will be used as exercise method of patient with osteoarhtritis.

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The Influence of Walking Exercise on Balance Ability of Knee Osteoarthritis (퇴행성 슬관절염 환자의 걷기 운동이 균형 능력에 미치는 영향)

  • Jang, Won-Sug;Bae, Sung-Soo
    • PNF and Movement
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.19-25
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    • 2006
  • Purpose : The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of walking exercise on balance ability of knee osteoarthritis. The subject were consisted of 30 women patients with knee osteoarthritis. Method : The walking exercise group with modality treatment. The walking exercise for 40 minutes per day and three times a week during 6 weeks period. Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire(SFMPQ) was used to measure patient's pain level. Patient Specific Functional Scale(PSFS) was used to measure patient's functional disability level. BPM was used to measure sway area. Global Perceived Effect Scale(GPES) was used to measure recovery or worse of patient's condition. Results : 1. SFMPQ was walking exercise showed significantly decreased more than before treatment (p<.05). 2. PSFS was walking exercise showed significantly increased more than before treatment (p<.05). 3. Sway area was walking exercise showed significantly limited area more than before treatment (p<.05). 4. GPES was walking exercise showed significantly increased more than before treatment(p<.05) Conclusion : This study will be used as exercise method of patient with osteoarhtritis.

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Relationship between R&E Activities and Mathematics and Science Academic Achievement of Science High School Students

  • Dong-Seon Shin
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.34-42
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    • 2024
  • This study investigated the academic achievement of science and high school students according to the characteristics of R&E activities in mathematics and science. In addition, based on the survey results, the correlation between R&E activity characteristics and mathematics and science academic achievement was studied through correlation analysis and factor analysis between subjects. There was a difference in academic achievement in mathematics and science according to the characteristics of the R&E activity area, and the experience of R&E activity was found to be closely related to the academic achievement of related subjects. Depending on the area of R&E activity, mathematical and scientific academic achievement was found to be two factors: mathematical logic and natural understanding. Natural understanding factors significantly influenced students' academic achievement in mathematics, physics, and life sciences, and mathematical logic factors significantly influenced the academic achievement of students in chemistry and earth science subjects. In particular, mathematical logic ability was concentrated in excellent physics class students, and natural understanding ability was concentrated in excellent life science class students. Since the characteristics of the R & E activity area greatly influence the academic achievement of mathematics and science, it will significantly contribute to the selection and operation of the R & E activity area of science high school students.

Changes of Balance Ability according to the Stability of Shoes in Elderly Woman and Female University Student (신발의 안정성에 따른 여성노인과 여대생의 균형능력 변화)

  • Song, Yu-jin;Min, Gyeong-hun;Jeong, Deok-yong;Yook, Seon-young;Choi, Yun-young;Bae, Kyung-yoon;Cho, Ki Hun
    • Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.70-75
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of static and dynamic balance control ability according to the stability of shoes in elderly woman and female university student. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Six elderly women and seven female university students were recruited for this study. The subject's static and dynamic balance were evaluated while wearing two different types of shoes (comfortable running shoe and masai walking shoe). The BT4 system was used to measure the static (postural sway area and velocity) and dynamic balance (limit of stability on forward, backward and left and right side). The measurement of static and dynamic balance control ability was performed in standing posture wearing comfortable running shoes and masai walking shoes. Results: In the static balance control ability, both female university students and elderly women showed significant increase in postural sway area and velocity when wearing unstable shoes (p<0.05) In addition, in the dynamic balance control ability, both female university students and elderly women showed significant decrease in limit of stability on forward and backward when wearing unstable shoes (p<0.05). Conclusion: In selecting shoes for the elderly, the stability of shoe should be considered for prevention of falls.

Effects of Freezing of Gait and Visual Information on the Static Postural Control Ability in Patients with Parkinson's Disease

  • Kim, Jung Yee;Son, Min Ji;Kim, You Kyung;Lee, Meoung Gon;Kim, Jin Hee;Youm, Chang Hong
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.293-301
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    • 2016
  • Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of freezing of gait and visual information on the static postural control ability in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) during the bipedal stance with feet together. Method: This study included a total of 36 patients with PD; the freezer group included 17 PD patients (age: $69.3{\pm}6.2yrs$, height: $159.6{\pm}9.0cm$, weight: $63.4{\pm}9.78kg$) and the nonfreezer group included 19 PD patients (age: $71.4{\pm}5.6yrs$, height: $155.8{\pm}7.1cm$, weight: $57.7{\pm}8.6kg$). Static postural control ability was analyzed using variables of center of pressure (COP) and dividing by mediolateral, anteroposterior, and integration factors during a bipedal stance with the eyes open and closed. Results: Freezers and nonfreezers showed increases in anteroposterior velocity, mediolateral velocity, averaged velocity, and mediolateral 95% edge frequency when visual information was blocked. Additionally, freezers had greater anteroposterior range, 95% confidence ellipse area, and COP anteroposterior mean position than nonfreezers. Conclusion: Freezers and nonfreezers showed a reduction in static postural control ability when visual information was blocked. Additionally, the results of this study found a significant difference in static postural control ability between freezers and nonfreezers with PD. In particular, anteroposterior range, 95% confidence ellipse area, and COP anteroposterior mean position might be used to distinguish between freezers and nonfreezers with PD.

Effect of sling exercise on lumbar extension strength and balance ability in middle-aged women (12주간의 슬링운동이 중년여성의 요부근력과 균형능력에 미치는 영향)

  • Jo, Ki-Hyung
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.325-330
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    • 2014
  • This study aims to examine how a 12-week sling exercise program has influences on lumbar extension strength and balance ability of 40 middle-aged women consisting of 20 of exrcise group and 20 of control group in order to figure out if it is helpful to lumbar extension strength and balance ability and the summary of the results are as follows. 1. As the results of lumbar extention strength in both the exercise and the control groups, that of the exersie group showed statistically significant improvements in every aspect after 12 weeks while the control group did not show any statistically significant differences. 2. As the results of balance ability in both the exercise and the control groups, all sway area, sway ditance and maximal sway speed of the experiment group showed statistically significant improvements after 12 weeks while the control group did not show any statistically significant differences.

Evaluation of Balance Ability of the Elderly Using Kinect Sensor (키넥트 센서를 이용한 고령자 대상의 선자세 균형능력 평가)

  • Yang, Seung-Tae;Kang, Dong-Won;Seo, Jeong-Woo;Kim, Dae-Hyeok;Kim, Tae-Ho;Choi, Jin-Seung;Tack, Gye-Rae
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.66 no.2
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    • pp.439-446
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    • 2017
  • Portable low-cost Kinect sensor was used to analyze standing balance ability of the elderly. Eighty subjects who can walk alone and have a normal cognitive level participated in this experiment. Based on Berg Balance scale (BBS) test with 52 points, subjects were divided into Healthy older (HO: 46 persons, BBS: $53.80{\pm}1.19$) and Impaired older (IO: 34 persons, BBS: $49.06{\pm}2.03$) group. Each subject performed 30 seconds four different standing balance tests (EO: Eyes Open, EC: Eyes Close, EOf: Eyes Open on foam, ECf: Eyes Close on foam). Five variables (Mean distance, Range of distance, Root mean square, Mean velocity, 95% ellipse area) were calculated from the hip joint center movement of Kinect sensor. Results showed that there were significant differences between groups for four different standing tests. Calculated variables from kinect sensor showed significant correlation with BBS score. Especially, mediolateral mean distance, mediolateral root mean square, mediolateral range of distance and 95% ellipse area showed discriminative ability for all tests. Mean values of variables of IO were higher than those of HO, which means the decreased balance ability in IO compared with HO. Therefore, it was possible to estimate simple balance assessment of the elderly using portable low-cost Kinect sensor.

In Vitro Assays of Sperm Fertility (정자의 수정능력 평가기법)

  • 박수봉
    • Journal of Embryo Transfer
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.15-22
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    • 1995
  • Since the turn of the century, scientists have earnestly sought to develop a single laboratory assay or combination of laboratory assays which accurately predict the fertility of a semen sample. Most of these assays have focused on evaluating physical characteristics of sperm such as motility, viability, acrosomal integrity and morphology. In recent years new approches have been used to assess the functional aspects of a sperm that are needed to reach the oocyte, fertilize it and contribute to successful embryo development. Among these techniques are the ability of sperm to undergo a heparin induced acrosome reaction and in vitro fertilization, and the affinity of sperm to bind heparin binding protein. Intensification of research efforts in the area of control of sperm fertilizing ability should be a high priority, in view of undoubted benifits both to our basic understanding of sperm fertilizing ability and to our ability to modify it for Al industry.

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The Effects of Horse-back riding Simulation Machine Training on Balance ability in Patients with Stroke (시뮬레이션 훈련이 뇌졸중 환자의 균형 능력에 미치는 영향)

  • Oh, Seung Jun;Ahn, Myung Hwan
    • Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2013
  • Purpose : Investigate the effects of Horse-back riding Simulation Machine training on the Balance ability in Patients with Stroke. Method : The patients were divided to control group(n=18) with conventional rehabilitation conventional rehabilitation 60min/day and experimental group(n=17) with hippotherapy simulator 15 min/day after conventional rehabilitation 45min/day, 5 time/week for 4 weeks. Balance ability of both groups was assessed using Timed Up and Go(TUG), Berg balabce scale(BBS) and Center of pressure area(COPA). In the present result, there was a no significant(P>0.05) Results : The results of this study showed that Horse-back riding Simulation Machine training, after training, had meaningful difference of TUG, BBS and COPA. Conclusion : This study showed that Horse-back riding Simulation Machine training increased balance ability that resulted in enhancement of motor performance.

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