• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.322-328
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• 2023

The number of senior citizens with large bowel obstruction is steadily growing in Korea. Plain radiography was used to examine the severity and treatment of this phenomenon. To avoid examiner subjectivity in radiography readings, we propose an automatic segmentation method to identify fluid-filled areas indicative of large bowel obstruction. Our proposed method applies the Hough transform to locate suspicious areas successfully and applies the possibilistic fuzzy c-means unsupervised learning algorithm to form the target area in a noisy environment. In an experiment with 104 real-world large-bowel obstruction radiographs, the proposed method successfully identified all suspicious areas in 73 of 104 input images and partially identified the target area in another 21 images. Additionally, the proposed method shows a true-positive rate of over 91% and false-positive rate of less than 3% for pixel-level area formation. These performance evaluation statistics are significantly better than those of the possibilistic c-means and fuzzy c-means-based strategies; thus, this hybrid strategy of automatic segmentation of large bowel suspicious areas is successful and might be feasible for real-world use.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.163-167
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• 2000

Cholelithiasis and choledolithiasis were diagnosed with serum chemistry, abdominal radiography and ultrasonography in a 2.0 kg, 10 year-old Yorkshire Terrier dog showing signs of anorexia, vomiting, iceterus and depression. In serum chemistry, the level of alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transferase, total bilitrubin and direct bilirubin were elevated. On abdominal radiographs, focal lesions with increased radiopacity were seen in the hepatic region and the size of liver was increased. In ultrasonographic examination, it were seen that distension of gall bladder, hypercehoic change of liver, obstruction of cystic duct by calcult and calculi in the gall bladder. Cholecystectomy was undertaken and there were no complications after the operation.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.478-481
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• 1999

A 8 years old male Pomeranian weighing 4 kg was referred because of coughing of 4 months' duration. Heart sounds and cardiac apex beat were showed more intense on the right side. On radiographic views, loss of normal line of the diaphragm, gas-containing intestines and stomach in thoracic cavity, and right displacement of heart were observed. Ultrasonography revealed that liver located adjacent to the heart. Although the dog died due to severe respiratory disorder in surgical procedure, in thoracic and abdominal surgery, a large defect was found in the left and right ventral muscular portion and left central tendon of the diaphragm, extending from the esophageal hiatus to rib. Left and right cranial lobe of liver, small intestines, stomach and spleen were herniated in the thoracic cavity. Because of the size and chronicity of the defect in the diaphragm, closure was impossible with an abdominal muscle graft.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.168-171
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• 1997

Appendiceal perforation is uncommon in the neonate. Diess reported the first case in 1908. Approximately 111 additional cases have been reported since that time. However, with exclusion of neonatal appendicitis associated with inguinal or umbilical hernias, necrotizing enterocolitis, meconium plug, and Hirschsprung's disease, there are only 36 cases of primary neonatal appendicitis. We treated a 12 days old boy with perforation of the appendix. The infant was 3000 g at birth and had a normal spontaneous vaginal delivary at 35 weeks of gestation. The mother was 31-year-old and had premature rupture of membrane. After normal feeding for the first 5 days of life, the infant had emesis of undigested milk, decreased activity and jaundice. The baby was admitted to the Pediatrics. Progressive abdominal distension, fever, decreased activity, and vomitting developed over the next six days. Erect abdominal radiography showed pneumoperitoneum. At exploratory laparotomy, a $0.8{\times}0.6$ cm sized perforation was noted at antime-senteric border of midportion of the appendix. Trasmural inflammation and the presence of ganglion cells were noticed on histology.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.293-296
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• 2001

Hepatic encephalophthy was diagnosed with serum chemistry, abdominal radiography and ultrasonography in a 2.6kg, 4 year-old maltese dog showing signs of hypersalivation, involutary spasm of facial muscles, ataxia, behavior abnormalities like dullness, sleep disorder, restlessness. In serum chemistry, the level of alanine transferase and aspartate trasferase was mildly elevated, ammonia was severely increased. On abdominal radio-graphs, the size of liver was mildly decreased. In ultrasonographic examination, diffuse lesion with hyperechoic change and decreased vasculature were seen in the hepatic region. But vascular abnormalities of liver were not observed. Drug and dietary therapy were undertaken and severities of clinical sign were alleviated.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.39-42
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• 2020

This report describes a three-month-old Korean domestic kitten presented with dehydration and poor body condition. Physical examination revealed abdominal distension. Rectal diagnosis was unachievable due to the small rectum diameter. X-ray radiography and endoscopy confirmed presence of abdominal distension and indicated a stricture located 1.5 cm from the anus. A balloon was gently inserted into the rectum and inflated several times followed by triamcinolone injection. Four months later, same procedures were repeated. This report is the first to describe the use of balloon dilation of a rectal stricture followed by intralesional triamcinolone injection in a small cat with poor condition.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.294-298
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• 2018

This report presents a rare case of feline exocrine pancreatic ductal carcinoma including treatment and prognosis. A 4.6-year-old castrated male American Shorthair cat, weighing 5 kg was presented with intermittent vomiting, diarrhea and loss of appetite. Through physical examination and radiography, a cranial abdominal mass was identified. Exploratory laparotomy was carried out. The largest mass was connected to the left lobe of the pancreas, and there were several small, nodular masses scattered along the abdominal lining. The pancreatic mass was removed using an ultrasonic scalpel, and the patient recovered favorably. Histopathologically, the resected lesion was diagnosed as an exocrine pancreatic ductal papillary carcinoma. The patient was maintained with conservative therapy and euthanized on post-operative day 262. Partial pancreatectomy using an ultrasonic scalpel was accomplished safely without evidence of pancreatic leakage.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.360-365
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• 2022

A 15-year-old spayed female Yorkshire Terrier was presented to our hospital with a history of anorexia, depression and abdominal pain. Diagnostic procedures including blood test, radiography and ultrasonography were performed. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed multiple hypoechoic cysts in the left lobe of the liver. Over time, the cysts increased in size and became more echogenic. Four days later, the rupture of the largest cyst was suspected, and hepatic abscesses with bacteria were confirmed by aspiration of the cyst. Despite surgical resection of the abscessed liver lobe, antibiotic administration, and supportive therapy, the dog died 9 days after presentation to the hospital and 4 days after the surgical procedure. The present case report described the overall diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for liver abscesses in a dog.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.170-173
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• 2001

Primary hepatocellular carcinomas are rare in dogs. A 12-year-old 5.4 kg female Poodle was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital with abdominal distension and mild anorexia. In this case, an extensive soft tissue mass was clearly palpable in the upper abdomen and radiography revealed a spherical mass of soft tissue density in the abdomen but its origin was not clear. In following an exploratory laparotomy, a partial hepatectomy was performed. Surgical complications were minimal. The survival time was seven months before dyspnea lead to a sudden and rapid decline.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.94-100
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• 2011

This study was performed to describe the radiographic and ultrasonographic features of retained surgical gauze known as gossypiboma in 9 dogs. Female dogs (n = 8) were at higher risk and seven out of the eight cases had a history of ovariohysterectomy. Seven dogs were symptomatic and the most common clinical signs were vomiting, anorexia, and inertia. A palpable abdominal mass was detected in six dogs. Radiographic signs included a localized abdominal mass with soft tissue density (n = 7) or a mass containing speckled gas (n = 1). Ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic mass with a hyperechoic center (n = 4), or a homogeneous hypoechoic mass (n = 3). The remaining dogs (n = 2) showed an intestinal wall surrounding a hyperechoic center. Regardless of the characteristics of a mass, an acoustic shadowing was accompanied from the center of a mass in all dogs. Ultrasonography also revealed complications such as adhesion between a mass and adjacent organs, and peritonitis and intestinal obstruction around a mass. The gossypiboma can be considered when a hypoechoic mass accompanying a hyperechoic center with acoustic shadowing is observed on ultrasound examination.