• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.33-39
• /
• 2020

This paper presents an Around View Monitoring (AVM) stop-line detection based longitudinal position correction algorithm for automated driving on urban roads. Poor positioning accuracy of low-cost GPS has many problems for precise path tracking. Therefore, this study aims to improve the longitudinal positioning accuracy of low-cost GPS. The algorithm has three main processes. The first process is a stop-line detection. In this process, the stop-line is detected using Hough Transform from the AVM camera. The second process is a map matching. In the map matching process, to find the corrected vehicle position, the detected line is matched to the stop-line of the HD map using the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) method. Third, longitudinal position of low-cost GPS is updated using a corrected vehicle position with Kalman Filter. The proposed algorithm is implemented in the Robot Operating System (ROS) environment and verified on the actual urban road driving data. Compared to low-cost GPS only, Test results show the longitudinal localization performance was improved.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.244-249
• /
• 2001

Dural arteriovenous malformations(AVM) are not uncommon. Reports of intracranial dural AVM have been increasing but most of them deal with dural AVM in the region of the cavernous sinus, posterior fossa and tentorium, but those of the anterior cranial fossa are very rare. Recently, we experienced two cases of right frontal dural arteriovenous malformation fed mainly by both ethmoidal arteries. The angiographic appearance in these two cases is quite uniform. The nidus was located in the frontal dura, although their main feeders were dural arteries. They were drained through an intracerebral cortical vein associated with aneurysmal dilatation of proximal portion into superior sagittal sinus. Spontaneous intracerebral hematoma was the cause of the clinical symptoms. We report two cases of intracerebral hematoma, caused by dural AVM, which was successfully managed by surgical treatment.

• Journal of Interdisciplinary Genomics
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.31-34
• /
• 2022

Background: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare diseases comprising abnormally dilated arteries and veins with an absence of a capillary network. Since these diseases are intractable after diagnosis, various treatment strategies have been examined, with continuous efforts to identify target genes. Here, we report relevant new target genes selected via gene microarray. Methods: Endothelial cells were isolated from samples collected from three patients with AVM and three healthy individuals, followed by microarray analysis. Additionally, quantitative PCR was performed to select genes highly relevant to AVM. Results: In the vascular endothelial cells derived from the tissues of patients with AVM, the expression of ANGPT1, ANGPT2, DLL4, IL6, NRG1, TGFBR1, and VEGFA was typically higher compared to those derived from normal tissues. Conclusion: Seven candidate genes were selected to analyze the pathophysiological mechanism of AVM. These results may aid in future directions of diagnosis and treatment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.66 no.2
• /
• pp.199-204
• /
• 2023

It is critical to identify the ruptured cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) for secondary prevention. However, there are rare cases unidentified on the radiological evaluation. We report on a patient with the delayed appearance of radiologically occult AVM as a probable cause of the previous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). An 18-year-old male patient presented with a right temporal ICH. The preoperative radiological examination did not reveal any causative lesions. Because of the intraoperative findings suggesting an AVM, however, only hematoma was evacuated. Disappointedly, there were no abnormal findings on postoperative and follow-up radiographic examinations. Eleven years later, the patient presented with an epileptic seizure, and an AVM was identified in the right temporal lobe where ICH had occurred before. The patient underwent partial glue embolization followed by total surgical resection of the AVM and anterior temporal lobe. Based on the literature review published in the era of magnetic resonance imaging, common clinical presentation of radiologically occult AVMs included headache and seizure. Most of them were confirmed by pathologic examination after surgery. In cases of the ICH of unknown etiology in young patients, long-term follow-up should be considered.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.101-109
• /
• 2004

In order to enhance the productivity of AVM $B_{la}$ produced by Streptomyces avermitilis as a secondary metabolite, we established a basic protocol necessary for protoplast fusion with high-producing strains as a fusion partner, and then obtained various kinds offusants by adopting a massive strain-development procedure (a miniaturized strain screening system). An alternative fusion method using UV and/or NTG mutation of protoplasts was developed to screen genetic recombinants without specific selectable markers. In this method, the mutants obtained by protoplast fusion after UV and/or NTG treatment (95% death rate) of the respective fusion partner (protoplasts of the respective mutants resistant against L-isoleucine antimetabolites such as O-methylthreonine and/or azaleucine) were regarded as DNA-recombined protoplast fusants. Notably it was demonstrated that most of the protoplast recombinants obtained by the UV mutation method were able to biosynthesize higher amount of AVM $B_{la}$ , reaching almost three times higher level (almost equal to the industrial productivity), compared to the average AVM Bla amount of the parallel mother strains.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2003

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of a Linear accelerator based Photon Knife Radiosurgery System developed by the staff of Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center for the treatment of cerebral arterlovenous malformation Material and Methods : Between December 1993 and October 2000, 30 patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) were treated with the Linac based Photon knife Radlosurgery System In the Department of Therapeutlc Radiology at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center. The median age was 34, ranging from 7 to 63 years, with a 2 : 1 male to female ratio. The locations of the AVM nidi were the frontal lobe (motor cortex), parletal lobe, and the thalamus, In that order. The diameters of the AVM nidi ranged 1.2 to 5.5 cm with a mean on 2.9 cm, and target volumes of between 0.5 and 20.5 cc, with a mean of 5.8 cc. The majority of patients received radiation doses of between 1,500 and 2,500 cGy, w14h a mean of 2,000 cGy, at 80% the isodose line. Twenty-five patients were treated with one isocenter, 4 with two, and 1 with four. The follow-up radiological evaluations were peformed with cranial computed tomogram (CT) or MRI between 6 month and one year interval, and if the AVM nidus had completely disappeared in the CT or MRI, we confirmed thls was a complete obliteration, with a cerebral or magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA). The median iollow-up period was 39 months with a range of 10 to 103 months. Results : Twenty patients were radloiogicaiiy followed up ior over 20 months, with complete obliteration observed in 14 (70%). According to the maximal diameter, all four of the small AVM (<2 cm) completely obliterated, 8 of the 10 patients with a medium AVW (2~3 cm) showed a complete obliteration, and two showed partial obliteration. Among the patients with a large AVM (>3 cm), only one showed complete obliteration, and S showed partial obliteration, but 3 oT these underwent further radiosurgery 3 years later. One who followed up for 20 months fellowing further radiosurgery eventually showed complete obliteration. Ten patients with seizure symptoms had no recurrent seizure due to radiosurgery and medication. One of the eleven patients who suffered intracranlal bleeding developed further bleeding at 9 and 51 months fellowing the radiosurgery although complete obliteration was eventually observed and the patient was managed in hospital then recovered. No patient suffered severe complications fellowing the radiosurgery. Conclusion : The radiosurgery with Linac-based Photon knife radiosurgery system, developed by the staff at our hospital, is a safe and effective treatment for AVM patients having diameters or volumes of less than 3 cm or 10 cm$^{3}$, respectively, located In Inoperable areas or who refused neurosurgery. We suggest that staged AVM radiosurgery may initially be considered, if the AVM target volume is above 10 cm$^{3}$

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.69-73
• /
• 2016

Clinicians must be able to recognize post-extraction complications and treat them in a timely manner; complications that may potentially be life-threatening require special attention. Although arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a very rare disorder, it may induce life-threatening hemorrhage during surgical intervention in the pertinent site. The present article examines the diagnosis and treatment modalities of AVM based on the case of a patient who was diagnosed with AVM with continuous bleeding after tooth extraction and who was successfully treated.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.38 no.5
• /
• pp.396-398
• /
• 2005

We report a rare case of scalp arteriovenous malformation[AVM]. A 55-year-old woman presented with a pulsatile palpable mass on her left temporo-parietal scalp. She complained of insomnia because of bruit, which was audible when she lay on her left side. Computed tomography angiography[CTA] for the scalp vessel showed AVM on the left temporo-parietal region. Multiple enlarged arteries, such as the superficial temporal artery, posterior auricular artery, and occipital artery, were directly connected to the elongated dilated superficial temporal vein. Digital subtraction angiography also showed similar results. Fistulous portions were clearly delineated on both modalities. Surgical excision of the malformations, including feeding arteries and the draining vein, resulted in immediate relief of the symptoms. Usefulness of CTA in the diagnosis of vascular lesions on the scalp was emphasized.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.450-454
• /
• 2003

Mandibular arteriovenous malformations(AVM) are relatively rare and potentially life threatening lesions. Surgical treatment consists of wide resection of the mandible, which is difficult and potentially hazardous due to significant blood loss during surgery. Therefore, some authors advocate that transvenous embolization may be a safer and more effective method in the treatment of mandibular AVM. We report a treatment case of mandibular AVM in a 9-year-old-girl for episodes of spontaneous bleeding for 6 days using by selective transarterial embolization, direct puncture embolization and microcoil embolization.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.69-75
• /
• 2007

The treatment of intraosseous ateriovenous malformation in the jaw is difficult because of life threatening frequent bleeding tendency. The surgical resection of AVM may be mortal due to massive blood loss. In the growing pediatric patient, surgery may cause facial deformity and growth disturbance. So currently, the treatment of AVM is only embolization using various material through endovascular access, direct-puncture or embolization in conjunction with surgical resection. We report a case of combined techniques.