• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.81-94
• /
• 1999

As the elderly population has increased in the advanced countries, food intake, relationship of nutrient intake and disease has become major problem in the aged. To investigate the dietary behaviors and the preference of food of the elderly for developing meal planning, the study was conducted through survey questionnaires including 24-hr dietary recall, dietary behaviors, food preference and frequency of food intake to 352 elderly (104 male and 248 female) who were more than 60 years old and living in Seoul. Most of subjects ate three meals regulary and the most preferred taste was sweet and the less preferred taste was sour. Dietary behaviors according to educational level were shown that the skipping meal time and duration time of one meal were significant difference in educational level. Most of the elderly subjects like kimchi and soybean paste soup. The more educated elderly were preferred milk. The reason of dislike of milk was bad flavor and diarrhea. Most of them who graduated from university and high school selected fishes because of good for health primary, otherwise no educated, elementary school and middle school graduated elderly selected vegetables primary. Meats, fishes, seaweeds, mushrooms, fruits, milk and milk products, eggs and vegetables intakes of total elderly subjects were significantly positively related to educational level. With respect to milk and milk products intakes, cheese, yogurt (curd) and milk intake of elderly was significantly negatively related to age. Therefore education for developing desirable dietary behaviors and improving the meal patterns should be in forced to elderly, especially who had poor educational background in order to manage the meal planning and to care for their health in the later life.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.596-602
• /
• 2010

The objective of this study was to investigate parents' behavior and attitudes regarding their kids' snacking and dietary life education. A survey was conducted with the parents (N=412) of elementary students from seven provinces, includeing Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Kwangju, Gyungnam, Chungnam, and Kangwon. Kids' snacks consisted mainly of purchased foods rather than homemade foods. Parents' main concerns regarding kids' snacks were nutrition (44.9%), taste (24.3%), and safety (23.5%). Over 50% of parents checked food labels, especially expiration date (96.4%), food ingredients (49.5%), and food additives (33.5%). The snack items frequently provided to kids were fruits (62.8%), milk (55.5%), bread (47.1%), and snack items (23.3%). Parents responded that the amount of their kids' snacking was adequate (47.8%), small (33.7%), or large (18.2%). The results show that more research is needed regarding the adequacy of kids' snacking, considering that 15.7% and 22.4% of the children ate more and less, respectively, than their daily energy requirement. 76.5% of the parents performed home education regarding their kids' dietary habits, especially on the topics of 'balanced diet' (83.9%), 'healthful food' (53.7%), and 'eating three meals a day' (40.2%). Parents obtained dietary information from TV (65.2%), internet (12.0%), and newspapers (7.0%). From this study, we found that parents perceived their kids' snacking behavior correctly, and considered home-education for their kids' dietary habits positively. However, the information resources were limited, which makes it necessary to develop parents' education programs.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.150-156
• /
• 1983

1975년부터 1983년까지 치료를 위해 서울의대 기생충학교실로 의뢰된 광절열두조충 충란양성자 5명에 대하여 bithionol, niclosamide 또는 praziquantel을 투여 하고 하제를 사용하여 충체를 얻은바 Diphyllobothrium latum으로 동정되었다. 충자는 서울 및 전남 완도군에 거주하고 있는 10~64세 남(4명) 여(1명)로 그중 2례는 농어를 생식한 경험이 있으며 나머지 3례는 바다생선회를 생식하였으나 그 종류를 기억할 수 없다고 한다. 또 그중 3례는 심한 복통과 소화기증상을 경험하였고, 2례는 편절이 자연배출된 일이 있다고 하나 빈혈소견은 전례에서 관찰되지 않았다. 대편검사에서 발견된 충란은 명 열별로 크기 평균 $59~67{\times} 41~48{\mu}m$이고 황갈색 유란원형 또는 타원형이 있으며 operculum과 abopercular protuberance가 뚜렷하였다. 충체는 4례에서 두절을 포함한 걸이 320~680cm의 완전한 것이 배출되었고 l례에서는 투약후 충체 배출여부를 확인하지 못하고 자연배출된 길이 30cm정도의 체절을 동정에 이용하였다. 특징적인 편절의 형태인 rosette형 자궁, vaginal pore가 cirrus sac에 포함되어 개구된 점, 재정과 cirrus sac의 분리 등으로 보아 Diphyllobothrium latum으로 동정되었다. 본 5례는 우리나라에서 1971년 이후 충체가 확인된 6례에 이어 제 7례-제11례의 인체기생례가 된다.

• 폴리머
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.80-85
• /
• 2007

Maleic anhydride (MA)와 ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer(EPDM)를 용액중합으로 말레화 EPDM(MEPDM)을 제조하고 이를 quaternary ammonium silyl Polydimethylsiloxane-TCNQ adduct(PST)와 internal mixer(Rheomix 600P)를 사용하여 용융중합으로 MEPDM-g-PST 공중합체를 제조하였다. 고밀도 폴리에틸렌(HDPE)과 MEPDM-g-PST 공중합체 및 카본블랙 (5, 10, 15 및 20 phr)을 배합하여 MEPDM-g-PST/HDPE/CB 복합체(MPEC)를 제조하였고 HDPE와 카본블랙(5, 10, 15 및 20 phr)을 배합하여 HDPE/CB 복합체(PEC)를 각각 제조하였다. MEPDM-g-PDMS 공중합체의 구조는 FTIR을 이용하여 확인하였으며 MA의 최대 그래프트율은 2.35%이였다. 제조한 복합체의 열적 특성을 측정한 결과 MPEC와 PEC는 유사한 열분해 온도를 나타내었다. MPEC의 인장강도는 카본블랙의 함량이 5에서 20 phr로 증가함에 따라 240에서 372 MPa로 증가하였으며 모폴로지를 분석한 결과 PEC보다 MPEC의 경우에서 카본블랙의 분산이 보다 더 잘 이루어졌음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.59-69
• /
• 1996

Effects of dietary calcium(Ca), protein, and phosphorus(P) intake on bone mineral density (BMD) were investigated in 129 Korean premenopausal women(age 31-54 years) without diagnosed disease. BMD was measured at the spine(vertebrae L2-4) and femur(neck, Ward's triangle and trochanter). By stepwise multiple regression analysis it was shown that protein, Ca, and P intakes affected most significantly on BMD at the vertebrae L2-4, protein and P intakes affected most significantly on BMD at the femoral neck and Ward's triangle, and body mass index(BMI) affected most significantly on BMD at the trochanteric region. When ate-matched BMD % at the vertebrae L2-4 and all femoral sites was grouped by three levels(<90%, 90-99%, >=100%), only at the vertebrae L2-4>=100% and 90-99% groups had higher Ca intakes than <90% groups. When Ca, protein and P intakes of the recommended level for Korean(RDA) were grouped by three levels (Ca or P ; <=650mg/d, 650-750mg/d, >=750mg/d, Protein ; <=55g/d, 55-60g/d, >=65g/d), only at the vertebrae L2-4>55g/d of protein intake had higher age-matched BMD % than <=55g/d intake, >=750mg/d of Ca and P intakes, age-matched BMD % than <=650mg/d. In RDA range of Ca, protein, and P intakes, age-matched BMD % of the vertebrae L2-4 and all femoral sites was greater than 90%. Correlation between Ca intake and vertebral BMD was examined closer. There was more significant linear correlation between vertebral BMD and Ca intake below 800mg/d(r=0.346, p<0.0001)than above(r=0.376, p<0.019), implying a threshold effect and vertebral BMD was better expressed as a function of the logarithm of calcium intake(r=0.3881, p<0.0001). These results suggest that Ca, protein, and P intakes greater than RDA help to maintain proper BMD in middle-aged prementopausal women. Especially dietary Ca have important role in increasing the vertebral BMD and 800mg/d of Ca intake is optimum amount.

• 한국생물정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물정보시스템생물학회 2003년도 제2차 연례학술대회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.277-287
• /
• 2003

Acetolactate synthase (ALS, EC 4.1.3.18; also referred to as acetohydroxy acid synthase) catalyzes the first common step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine in microorganisms and plants. Recently X-ray structure of yeast ALS was available. Pair-wise alignment of yeast and tobacco ALS sequences revealed 63% sequence similarity. Using Deep View and automatic modeling on Swiss model server, we have generated reliable models of tobacco ALS based on yeast ALS template with a calculated pair-wise RMSD of 0.86 Angstrom. Functional roles of four residues located on the subunit interface (H142, El43, M350, and R376) were examined by site-directed mutagenesis. Seven mutants were generated and purified, of which three mutants (H142T, M350V, and R376F) were found to be inactivated under various assay conditions. The H142k mutant showed moderately altered kinetic properties. The E143A mutant increased 10-fold in K$_m$ value while other parameters remained unchanged. The M350C mutant was strongly resistant to three tested herbicides, while the R376k mutant can bind with herbicide carder at similar affinity to that of wild type enzyme, as determined by tryptophan quenching study. Except M350V mutant, all other mutants were ate to bind with cofactor FAD. Taken together, it is likely that residues H142 and E143 are located at the active site, while residues M350 and R376 are possibly located at the overlapping region of active site and herbicide binding site of the enzyme. Our data also allows us to hypothesize that the interaction between side chains of residues M350 and R376 are probably essential for the correct conformation of the active site. It remains to be elucidated that, whether the herbicide, upon binding with enzyme, inactivates the enzyme by causing change in the active site allosterically, which is unfavorable for catalytic activity.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.548-558
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to compare eating habits and food attitudes between depressed and normal adults. The subjects were selected (n = 6217) from those who participated in the 2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV). The subjects were divided into the depressed (DG, n = 841) and normal groups (NG, n = 3969). DG was those who have depression now or who have experienced depressing feelings more than two weeks or per year. The general characteristics, anthropometric measurement, eating habits, the dietary guideline recognition and practices were compared by using chi-square test and t-test. Also the partial correlations were analyzed by SAS (Statistical analysis system, version 9.1) program. There was a significantly higher rate of DG among the female (74.32%), with low education (44.6%) and low-income (32.0%) subjects (p < 0.001). DG showed significantly lower snacking and dining out. There was significantly higher rate of DG who responded "none" in frequency of snack (27.10%) and dining out (29.50%) (p < 0.001). Also DG showed significantly lower rate of the subjects who ate with the family than NG. Also, DG showed significantly lower dietary guideline recognition level and practice than NG. Correlation between depression symptom and various factors showed that positive correlation with low snack intake and dining out frequencies. However, correlation was relatively weak. In conclusion, eating habits and recognition levels and practice of dietary guidelines of DG were significantly different from NG. DG showed significantly lower frequencies of snack, dining out, and eating with family.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.180-190
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the differences in food habits, eating behaviors and food frequency by gender and regions in upper grade elementary school children in Korea. Subjects of this study were 1,211 children, 645 boys and 566 girls, attending 6 elementary schools (4th, 5th and 6th graders). 389 children lived in Seoul and 822 children lived in other regions. Mean height, weight and BMI of subjects were 142.4 cm, 38.7 kg and $18.8\;kg/m^2$ respectively. 70.5% of the subjects had breakfast every day and 12.4% of the subjects skipped breakfast. There were significant differences between boys and girls in causes of skipping breakfast, overeating, meal volume, and duration of meals. Girls showed more desirable eating behavior than boys (p < 0.001). Scores for specific eating behaviors such as unbalanced diet and intake of meats and vegetables were better in girls (p < 0.001), and boys ate meals faster than girls (p > 0.001). There were significant differences between Seoul and other regions in eating behavior. Eating behavior scores of children in other regions were higher than in Seoul (p < 0.01). Children in Seoul had a higher frequency of watching television with meals. Frequency of fruits (p < 0.001), milk products (p < 0.01), and meats (p < 0.05) of children in Seoul were higher than other regions. Otherwise the frequency of simple sugar products of children in other regions was higher than Seoul (p < 0.001). Frequency of green vegetables was higher for girls than boys, and frequency of fast foods was higher for boys than girls. These results showed that in nutrition education programs designed to improve the nutritional health of elementary school children, we need to focus more on differences in the children's food habits and eating behaviors by gender and regions. In consideration of these differences, such educational programs need to have a different emphasis for each gender and regions to serve its specific needs.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제25권7호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2020

본 논문에서는 군용시험장비로 개발된 시험용 영상생성/수집 장치에 XDMA를 활용하여 고속 이미지 데이터 전송을 구현한다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 기술은 커널영역에서 시스템버퍼를 사용하여 데이터를 복사하는 방법을 FPGA내 DMA 엔진을 통한 송수신으로 대체하여 효율성을 얻는다. 본 연구를 위해 장치는 Life Cycle을 고려하여 PXIe 플랫폼으로 개발하였으며, 양산성을 고려하여 저가의 FPGA를 활용하여 퍼포먼스를 최대화하였다. 본 논문에서 구현한 영상입출력보드는 기존의 메모리복사방식을 통해 AXI 인터페이스 클럭 주파수, 링크속도를 변경하여 시험하였다. 그리고 FPGA의 DMA 엔진을 사용하여 보드를 구성하였으며, 그 결과 전송속도는 기존의 5~8Hz에서 140Hz로 증가함을 확인하였다. 제안된 방법은 PXIe 플랫폼을 이용한 장치개발의 비용절감, 기술수준을 높여 국방력 강화에 기여할 것이다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.408-424
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the nutritional status and dietary habits in predialysis patients of chronic renal failure(CRF). The patients group was composed of total 35 persons with chronic renal failure(diabetes exclusion), male 20, female 15 who were treated in the kidney internal department and the control group also composed of 35 persons, male 18, female 17 who were classified as normal by the medical examination. Their dietary habits, nutritional status and nutritional knowledge were investigated from two general hospitals in Inchon, middle of this year 2002. There were 31.4% of low weight patients (BMI below 20), 77.1% of anemia patients (serum hemoglobin below 12g/㎗), 6S.6% of hypertension patients with diastolic blood pressure over 90mmHg, 80% with systolic blood pressure over 140mmHg, 20% of hypercholesterolemia patients (serum cholesterol over 230mg/㎗), and 22.9% of hyperlipemia patients (serum triglyceride over 200mg/㎗). The cardiovascular disease seemed to be caused by the abnormality of lipid metabolism. The possibility of the bone disease was shown from patients of hyperphosphatemia (serum phosphorus over 4.7mg/㎗, 22.9%) and hypocalcemia (serum calcium below 8.4mg/㎗, 25.7%). Intake of insufficient calories which was caused by the lack of appetite affected on the nutritional status. The intake of most nutrients was not significantly different from the RDA for Koreans. Consequently, the patient groups took a lot of salt even after the diagnosis of CRF. But patients ate 6.lg of salt which were more than the recommended amount 2∼4g for patients with CRF. The patient groups, who had the experiences of nutritional counselling, had significantly higher nutritional knowledge related to CRF than control group. Unfortunately, patients could not have enough chances for nutritional counselling by the nutritionist even though they needed the nutritional informations and dietetic treatments. The continuous research is expected with regard to the detail plan for the improvement of nutritional support and the nutritional counselling because it is important to decide the requirements of nutrients for patients with kidney disease, considering the kidney function and status of nutrition.