• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2777-2783
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to explore the expression of ATAD2 in ovarian tumor tissue as well as its relationship with degree of malignancy. Tumor tissue from 110 cases of ovarian cancer was collected in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki for evaluation of ATAD2 expression iimmunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting. The correlation between the ATAD2 expression and and the prognosis of ovarian cancer was evaluated by Cox regression model. In addition, HO-8910 and OVCAR-3 cells were transfected with two siRNAs targeting ATAD2. Cell viability was evaluated with MTT assay, and cell migration by transwell migration assay. ATAD2 was shown to be highly expressed in 65.5% (72/110) of ovarian cancer cases, both at transcriptional and protein levels. Moreover, highly expression was positively correlated with degree of malignancy. Knock-down of ATAD2 in HO-8910 and OVCAR-3 cells was found to reduce cell migration. In addition, follow-up visits of the patients demonstrated that the 5-year survival rate was lower in patients with high expression of ATAD2. Our study suggested that ovarian tumor tissue may have highly expressed ATAD2, which is associated with tumor stage, omentum-metastasis, ascites and CA-125. Increased ATAD2 may play important roles in tumor proliferation and migration. ATAD2 could serve in particular as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.732-739
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• 2010

Two combined autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion (ATAD) and biofilter (BF) systems were operated to treat the piggery wastewater and the ammonia offgas. Experimental results indicated that the organic removal efficiency of ATAD-2, operated with oxygen, was higher than that of ATAD-1, operated with air. The concentration of ammonia in ATAD-2 offgas was higher compared to ATAD-1 offgas, but the total amount of ammonia produced from ATAD-2 was less than that from ATAD-1 due to the lower oxygen flowrate. The ammonia gas produced from both ATAD reactors was successfully removed by the BF. The BF-1, connected with ATAD-1, removed 93% of ammonia at the loading rate of $9.4g\;NH_3-N/m^3/hr$. The BF-2, connected with ATAD-2, removed 95% of ammonia gas at the loading rate of $8.1g\;NH_3-N/m^3/hr$. As the nitrification process continued, pH value of recirculating solution continuously decreased due to the accumulation of nitrate. When the ammonia loading rate was less than $22.7g\;NH_3-N/m^3/h$, the proper replacing cycle of recirculating solution was in the range of 10 to 11 days. Almost 90% of total mass of nitrogen fed into the each BF was confirmed from the mass balance on nitrogen.

• BMB Reports
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• 제52권7호
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• pp.457-462
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• 2019

[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging has been widely used in the diagnosis of malignant tumors. ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 2 (ATAD2) plays important roles in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. However, the relationship between [18F]FDG accumulation and ATAD2 expression remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between ATAD2 expression and [18F]FDG uptake in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. The results showed that ATAD2 expression was positively correlated with maximum standardized uptake value ($SUV_{max}$), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) expression and hexokinase2 (HK2) expression in LUAD tissues. In addition, ATAD2 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, tumorigenicity, migration, [18F]FDG uptake and lactate production of LUAD cells, while, ATAD2 overexpression exhibited the opposite effects. Furthermore, ATAD2 modulated the glycometabolism of LUAD via AKT-GLUT1/HK2 pathway, as assessed using LY294002 (an inhibitor of PI3K/AKT pathway). In summary, to explore the correlation between ATAD2 expression and glycometabolism is expected to bring good news for anti-energy metabolism therapy of cancers.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권12호
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• pp.851-856
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• 2014

ATAD2, a remarkably conserved, yet poorly characterized factor is found upregulated and associated with poor prognosis in a variety of independent cancers in human. Studies conducted on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATAD2 homologue, Yta7, are now indicating that the members of this family may primarily be regulators of chromatin dynamics and that their action on gene expression could only be one facet of their general activity. In this review, we present an overview of the literature on Yta7 and discuss the possibility of translating these findings into other organisms to further define the involvement of ATAD2 and other members of its family in regulating chromatin structure and function both in normal and pathological situations.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2013

현장 실규모의 다단공정으로 ATAD, EGSB 및 SBR을 조합한 HMUS 공정을 이용하여 돼지 축분 처리가능성을 시험하였다. 실험결과 고농도 유기물, 질소와 인의 제거에 효과적이었다. 각 오염항목의 시스템 공정별 처리효율이 ATAD 공정에서는 CODcr이 43.3%로 제일 높게 나타났다. 다음 단계인 응집침전 공정에서는 TS의 제거효율이 96.5%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 운전조건 중 OLR은 3-6Kg $COD/m^3{\cdot}day$ 및 선속도는 1.5-4 m/h의 범위일 때 평균 CODcr 제거 효율은 HRT 3일에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 유입수의 성상이 영향을 미치는 고온호기성 산화반응은 TS가 50,000 mg/L 이상 되어야 고온발열효과를 얻어 병원균을 사멸할 수 있는 온도를 얻었다. EGSB 공정을 거치는 동안 유기물제거량 당 발생된 가스발생량은 $2.3{\sim}8.5m^3/kgTS{\cdot}d$ (평균 $5.2m^3/kgTS{\cdot}d$)로 나타났다. 후처리단계인 간헐포기공정에서 전체운전기간 중 평균제거효율은 CODcr 71.7%, TS 64.1%, TN 45.9%, 및 TP 50.4% 로 나타났다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.103-114
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• 1995

현재 미국이나 캐나다에서는 고농도 유기성 폐수의 처리에 대한 고온 호기성 소화 공정의 여러 가지 장점으로 인하여 활발한 연구 및 적용이 진행되고 있으며, 국내에서도 고농도 유기성 폐수 처리의 여러 문제점으로 관심이 고조되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 돈 분뇨 폐수를 대상으로 고온 호기성 소화 공정의 적용 타당성을 평가하기 위한 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 호기성 소화 슬럿지는 악취 및 부패 등의 측면에서는 상당히 안정화됨으로서 소화슬럿지의 습식사료화 및 액비화의 가능성을 보여주었다. 그러나 습식사료화는 국내 양돈 농가가 대부분 건식 사료 급이 체제를 이루고 있으므로 사료 급이 체제의 전환이 요구되고, 액비화의 경우는 초지 확보가 가능한 단위 농장에서만 적용이 가능하리라고 사료된다. 한편 고온 호기성 소화조의 온도 상승 원인을 조사한 실험 결과에 의하면 생물학적 활성으로 인하여 발생한 에너지보다 교반 에너지에 의한 온도상승이 훨씬 큰 것으로 나타나고 있어 ATAD의 기본 원리에 어긋나고 있어 고온 호기성 소화를 거친 돈 분뇨 폐수가 습식 사료화 될 수 없는 여건하에서 단순한 폐수 처리의 목적만으로 고온 호기성 소화조를 적용하는 것은 비경제적이라고 할 수 있다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2015

Experiments for highly concentrated contaminants in pig waste slurry were carried out for the feasibility test of a pilot-scale innovative process scheme of engaging autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion (ATAD) and expended granular sludge bed (EGSB) followed by sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system. Contaminants in pig waste slurry such as organic substance, total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus (TP) contents were successfully reduced in the system. Total volatile solids (TVS) and chemical oxygen demands (COD) for organic matter in the feed were 32.92 g/L and 42.55 g/L respectively, and they were reduced by about 98.7% and 99.2%, respectively in the system. The overall removal efficiencies for TN and ammonium nitrogen were found to be 98.1 and 98.5%, respectively. The overall removal efficiency for total phosphorus was also found to be 92.5%. Faecal coliform density was reduced to <$1.2{\times}10^4CFU/g$ total solids. Biogas and $CH_4$ were produced in the range of 0.39-0.85 and $0.25-0.62m^3/kg$ [VS removed], respectively. The biogas produced in the system comprised of $295{\pm}26ppm$ (v/v) [$H_2S$].

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2006

The performance of an autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion (ATAD) system was studied to determine if nitrogen loss, as ammonia, was affected by an exhaust gas condenser. The system was run with and without a condenser while treating $8m^3$ of piggery slurry for 8 days. The system with a condenser (SWC) maintained the reactor temperatures above $40^{\circ}C$ for 2 days during the 8 days run, while the system without a condenser (SWOC) remained above $40^{\circ}C$ for 6 days. The SWC maintained the reactor temperatures mostly at mesophilic conditions while the SWOC at thermophilc conditions. Differences in operation conditions for the two runs were mainly caused by differences in atmospheric temperatures. Soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and volatile solids (VS) removal efficiencies of the SWC (SCOD: 62%, VS: 41%) were higher than those of the SWOC (SCOD: 40%, VS: 20%). The total Kjeldal nitrogen (TKN) removal efficiency of the SWC (7%) was less than that of the SWOC (25%). The concentration of total volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the SWC was observed to be lower than the threshold value of 0.23 g total VFA/L after 6 days, while the SWOC progressed below the threshold value after 3 days. No offensive odor emissions were observed in either run, which suggest that the use of the ATAD system may be a good odor removal strategy.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2008년도 제49회 학술심포지움 및 국제학술대회
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• pp.88.2-88.2
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• 2008

• 환경기술인
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• 통권184호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2001

1998년 기준으로 하수처리장에서 발생하는 슬러지는 약 144만톤/년으로 발생량 대부분을 단순매립과 해양투기로 처리하고 있어서, 각종 규제가 강화됨에 따라 처리방안에 대한 대안 마련이 시급한 실정이다. 특히 단순매립 시에는 슬러지 대부분이 유기물로 부패되어 매립지 내에서 악취, 침출수, 해충 등의 2차 환경오염을 야기시키고 있다. 따라서 본 연구개발의 목표는 자가발열 고온호기성 소화(Autothermal Thermophilic Aerobic Digest